• Java筑基33-网络编程01-TCP网络编程&Socket

    目录

    一、网络相关概念

    二、IP地址

    三、域名和端口

    四、网络协议

    五、 tcp和udp

    六、Java_InetAddress

    七、Socket

    八、tcp字节流编程

    1.应用案例01(单向通信)

    2.应用案例02(字节流双向通信)

    3.应用案例03(字符流双向通信)

    4.应用案例04(网络上传文件)

    一、网络相关概念

    二、IP地址

    0c0830819f18985208a3a4a832f287b1.png

    三、域名和端口

    bc34c3d4531e8dd65523422a9bf4d588.png

    四、网络协议

    6714720e28ba49b485fa6b457b8b9a6a.png

    2ca8fd9e9849b2c80abcf02972588061.png

    五、 tcp和udp

    e596b5eb266b5303b9070aa1a1c784a1.png

    六、Java_InetAddress

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.net.InetAddress;
    4. import java.net.UnknownHostException;
    5.  
    6. /**
    7.  * @author：飞扬
    8.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    9.  * @description:InetAddress类API
    10.  */
    11. public class InetAddress_ {
    12.     public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
    13.  
    14.         //获取本机的InetAddress对象
    15.         InetAddress localHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
    16.         System.out.println("本机地址=" + localHost);//LAPTOP-VLF7OM29/192.168.191.1
    17.  
    18.         //根据主机名获取InetAddress对象
    19.         InetAddress host1 = InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-VLF7OM29");
    20.         System.out.println("host1=" + host1);//LAPTOP-VLF7OM29/192.168.0.102
    21.  
    22.         //根据域名返回InetAddress
    23.         InetAddress host2 = InetAddress.getByName("www.baidu.com");
    24.         System.out.println("host2=" + host2);//www.baidu.com/180.101.49.11
    25.  
    26.         //根据InetAddress对象获取主机地址（即IP）
    27.         String hostAddress = host2.getHostAddress();
    28.         System.out.println("host2对应IP=" + hostAddress);
    29.  
    30.         String hostName = host2.getHostName();
    31.         System.out.println("host2对应主机名/域名=" + hostName);
    32.         
    33.     }
    34. }

    打印输出：

    本机地址=LAPTOP-VLF7OM29/192.168.0.102

    host1=LAPTOP-VLF7OM29/192.168.0.102

    host2=www.baidu.com/180.101.49.12

    host2对应IP=180.101.49.12

    host2对应主机名/域名=www.baidu.com

    七、Socket

    383ba9429e2d91f8648b8deabdb9f619.png

    八、tcp字节流编程

    1.应用案例01(单向通信)

    思路分析：

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import com.sun.scenario.effect.impl.sw.sse.SSEBlend_SRC_OUTPeer;
    4. import java.io.BufferedReader;
    5. import java.io.IOException;
    6. import java.io.InputStream;
    7. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    8. import java.io.OutputStream;
    9. import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    10. import java.net.ServerSocket;
    11. import java.net.Socket;
    12.  
    13. /**
    14.  * @author：飞扬
    15.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    16.  * @description: socke通信，服务端
    17.  */
    18. public class SocketTCP01Server {
    19.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    20.         //1.在本机9999端口监听
    21.         ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
    22.         System.out.println("服务端在9999端口监听...");
    23.  
    24.         //2.当没有连接时，程序会阻塞，等待连接，如果有客户端连接，则会返回socket对象，程序继续
    25.         Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
    26.         System.out.println("服务端socket=" + socket.getClass());
    27.  
    28.         //3.读取数据
    29.         InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
    30.  
    31.         /*byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
    32.         int readLen = 0;
    34.         while((readLen=inputStream.read()) != -1){
    35.             System.out.println(new String(buf,0,readLen));
    36.         }*/
    37.  
    38.         //方式2：如果读取乱码，使用转换流读取
    39.         InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
    40.         BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(isr);
    41.         String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
    42.         System.out.println("服务端接收=" + s);
    43.  
    44.         //4.关闭流
    45.         inputStream.close();
    46.         socket.close();
    47.         serverSocket.close();
    48.  
    49.     }
    50. }
    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.IOException;
    4. import java.io.OutputStream;
    5. import java.net.InetAddress;
    6. import java.net.Socket;
    7.  
    8. /**
    9.  * @author：飞扬
    10.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    11.  * @description: socke通信，客户端
    12.  */
    13. public class SocketTCP01Client {
    14.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    15.         //1.连接服务端（IP，端口）
    16.         Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
    17.         System.out.println("客户端socket=" + socket.getClass());
    18.  
    19.         //2.连接上之后会返回一个socket对象，得到和socket关联的输出流对象
    20.         OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    21.  
    22.         //3.写数据
    23.         outputStream.write("hello,server".getBytes());
    24.         System.out.println("客户端写数据。。。");
    25.  
    26.         //4.关闭io流，关闭socket连接
    27.         outputStream.close();
    28.         socket.close();
    29.         System.out.println("客户端退出。");
    30.     }
    31. }

    运行结果：

    2.应用案例02(字节流双向通信)

    2b84c64c5ca1159c411f5458454d5dda.png

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
    4. import java.io.IOException;
    5. import java.io.InputStream;
    6. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    7. import java.io.OutputStream;
    8. import java.net.ServerSocket;
    9. import java.net.Socket;
    10.  
    11. /**
    12.  * @author：飞扬
    13.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    14.  * @description: socke双向通信，服务端
    15.  */
    16. public class SocketTCP02Server {
    17.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    18.         //1.在本机9999端口监听
    19.         ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
    20.         System.out.println("服务端在9999端口监听...");
    21.  
    22.         //2.当没有连接时，程序会阻塞，等待连接，如果有客户端连接，则会返回socket对象，程序继续
    23.         Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
    24.         System.out.println("服务端socket=" + socket.getClass());
    25.  
    26.         //3.读取数据
    27.         InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
    28.  
    29.         /*byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
    30.         int readLen = 0;
    32.         while((readLen=inputStream.read()) != -1){
    33.             System.out.println(new String(buf,0,readLen));
    34.         }*/
    35.  
    36.         //方式2：如果读取乱码，使用转换流读取
    37.         InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
    38.         BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(isr);
    39.         String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
    40.         System.out.println("服务端接收=" + s);
    41.  
    42.         //服务端发送消息
    43.         OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    44.         outputStream.write("hello,client".getBytes());
    45.         socket.shutdownOutput(); //输出结束标记
    46.  
    47.  
    48.         //4.关闭流
    49.         inputStream.close();
    50.         socket.close();
    51.         serverSocket.close();
    52.         System.out.println("服务端退出。");
    53.  
    54.     }
    55. }

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
    4. import java.io.IOException;
    5. import java.io.InputStream;
    6. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    7. import java.io.OutputStream;
    8. import java.net.InetAddress;
    9. import java.net.Socket;
    10.  
    11. /**
    12.  * @author：飞扬
    13.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    14.  * @description: socke双向通信，客户端
    15.  */
    16. public class SocketTCP02Client {
    17.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    18.         //1.连接服务端（IP，端口）
    19.         Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
    20.         System.out.println("客户端socket=" + socket.getClass());
    21.  
    22.         //2.连接上之后会返回一个socket对象，得到和socket关联的输出流对象
    23.         OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    24.  
    25.         //3.写数据
    26.         outputStream.write("hello,server".getBytes());
    27.         System.out.println("客户端写数据。。。");
    28.         socket.shutdownOutput();//输出结束标记
    29.  
    30.         //接收数据
    31.         InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
    32.         InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
    33.         BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(isr);
    34.         String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
    35.         System.out.println("客户端接收=" + s);
    36.  
    37.         //4.关闭io流，关闭socket连接
    38.         outputStream.close();
    39.         socket.close();
    40.         System.out.println("客户端退出。");
    41.     }
    42. }

    运行结果：

    3.应用案例03(字符流双向通信)

     

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
    4. import java.io.BufferedWriter;
    5. import java.io.IOException;
    6. import java.io.InputStream;
    7. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    8. import java.io.OutputStream;
    9. import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    10. import java.net.ServerSocket;
    11. import java.net.Socket;
    12.  
    13. /**
    14.  * @author：飞扬
    15.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    16.  * @description: socke通信，字符流，服务端
    17.  */
    18. public class SocketTCP03Server {
    19.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    20.         //1.在本机9999端口监听
    21.         ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
    22.         System.out.println("服务端在9999端口监听...");
    23.  
    24.         //2.当没有连接时，程序会阻塞，等待连接，如果有客户端连接，则会返回socket对象，程序继续
    25.         Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
    26.         System.out.println("服务端socket=" + socket.getClass());
    27.  
    28.         //3.读取数据
    29.         InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
    30.         BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8"));
    31.         String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
    32.         System.out.println("服务端接收=" + s);
    33.  
    34.         //服务端发送消息
    35.         OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    36.         BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
    37.         bufferedWriter.write("hello,client,字符流");
    38.         bufferedWriter.newLine();
    39.         bufferedWriter.flush();
    40.  
    41.         //4.关闭流
    42.         bufferedReader.close();
    43.         bufferedWriter.close();
    44.         socket.close();
    45.         serverSocket.close();
    46.         System.out.println("服务端退出。");
    47.  
    48.     }
    49. }
     

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
    4. import java.io.BufferedWriter;
    5. import java.io.IOException;
    6. import java.io.InputStream;
    7. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    8. import java.io.OutputStream;
    9. import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    10. import java.net.InetAddress;
    11. import java.net.Socket;
    12.  
    13. /**
    14.  * @author：飞扬
    15.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    16.  * @description: socke通信,字符流,客户端
    17.  */
    18. public class SocketTCP03Client {
    19.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    20.         //1.连接服务端（IP，端口）
    21.         Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
    22.         System.out.println("客户端socket=" + socket.getClass());
    23.  
    24.         //2.连接上之后会返回一个socket对象，得到和socket关联的输出流对象
    25.         OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    26.  
    27.         //3.写数据
    28.         BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
    29.         bufferedWriter.write("hello,server,字符流");
    30.         bufferedWriter.newLine();
    31.         bufferedWriter.flush();
    32.  
    33.         //接收数据
    34.         InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
    35.         BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8"));
    36.         String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
    37.         System.out.println("客户端接收=" + s);
    38.  
    39.         //4.关闭io流，关闭socket连接
    40.         bufferedReader.close();
    41.         bufferedWriter.close();
    42.         socket.close();
    43.         System.out.println("客户端退出。");
    44.     }
    45. }
     

     

    e1376a6e5aebf7e51369011b605c57d5.png
     

     

    4.应用案例04(网络上传文件)
     

    cb6aa7ff43dfd65870c831dbcecb2711.png
     

     

    思路分析：
     

     

     

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
    4. import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
    5. import java.io.IOException;
    6. import java.io.InputStream;
    7. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    8.  
    9. /**
    10.  * @author：飞扬
    11.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    12.  * @description:
    13.  */
    14. public class StreamUtils {
    15.  
    16.     /**
    17.      * stream流转换成字节数组
    18.      * @param is
    19.      * @return
    20.      * @throws IOException
    21.      */
    22.     public static byte[] streamtoByteArray(InputStream is) throws IOException {
    23.         ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    24.         byte[] b = new byte[1024];
    25.         int len;
    26.         while((len=is.read(b)) != -1){
    27.             bos.write(b,0,len);
    28.         }
    29.         byte[] array = bos.toByteArray();
    30.         bos.close();
    31.         return array;
    32.     }
     

    1. /**
    2.      * 将stream转换成String
    3.      * @param is
    4.      * @return
    5.      * @throws IOException
    6.      */
    7.     public static String streamToString(InputStream is) throws IOException {
    8.         BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
    9.         StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
    10.         String line;
    11.         while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
    12.             stringBuilder.append(line + "\r\n");
    13.  
    14.         }
    15.         return stringBuilder.toString();
    16.     }
    17. }
     

     

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
    4. import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
    5. import java.io.BufferedWriter;
    6. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    7. import java.io.IOException;
    8. import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    9. import java.net.ServerSocket;
    10. import java.net.Socket;
    11.  
    12. /**
    13.  * @author：飞扬
    14.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    15.  * @description:
    16.  */
    17. public class TCPFileUploadServer {
    18.  
    19.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    20.  
    21.         ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
    22.         Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
    23.  
    24.         BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
    25.         byte[] bytes = StreamUtils.streamtoByteArray(bis);
    26.  
    27.         String destPath = "src\\bbb.png";
    28.         BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(destPath));
    29.         bos.write(bytes);
    30.         System.out.println("服务端,写入完毕");
    31.         bos.close();
    32.  
    33.         BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
    34.         writer.write("服务端收到图片");
    35.         System.out.println("服务端：服务端收到图片");
    36.         writer.flush();
    37.         socket.shutdownOutput();
    38.  
    39.         bis.close();
    40.         socket.close();
    41.         serverSocket.close();
    42.  
    43.  
    44.     }
    45. }
     

     

    1. package com.feiyang.basic16_net;
    2.  
    3. import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
    4. import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
    5. import java.io.BufferedReader;
    6. import java.io.BufferedWriter;
    7. import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
    8. import java.io.FileInputStream;
    9. import java.io.IOException;
    10. import java.io.InputStream;
    11. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    12. import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    13. import java.net.InetAddress;
    14. import java.net.Socket;
    15. import java.net.UnknownHostException;
    16.  
    17. /**
    18.  * @author：飞扬
    19.  * @公众hao：程序员飞扬
    20.  * @description:
    21.  */
    22. public class TCPFileUploadClient {
    23.  
    24.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    25.         Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8888);
    26.  
    27.         String file = "d:\\bbb.png";
    28.         BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
    29.         byte[] bytes = StreamUtils.streamtoByteArray(bis);
    30.  
    31.         BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
    32.         bos.write(bytes);
    33.         bis.close();
    34.         socket.shutdownOutput();
    35.  
    36.         String s = StreamUtils.streamToString(socket.getInputStream());
    37.         System.out.println("客户端:" + s);
    38.  
    39.         bos.close();
    40.         socket.close();
    41.  
    42.  
    43.     }
    44.  
    45. }
     

     

    运行结果：
     

     

     

     

     

    
                
    
                    
    
                
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                    原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/lu_xin5056/article/details/127135539
                
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