权限认证[还是有问题]

认证：

def的request对象 上便有两个属性，一个是request.user,一个是request.auth,前者就是django中User对象，后者根据不同认证机制有不同的对象

rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication

基本的授权，每次都要在Header中把用户名和密码传给服务器，因此不是很安全，不能在生产环境中使用

rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication

基于 django的session机制实现，如果前端部分是网页，那么用他是可以的，如果前端是ios或安卓，用它就不太方便

rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication

基于token的认证机制，只要登陆完成便会返回一个token，以后请求一些需要登陆的api，就通过传递这个token就可以了，并且这个token是存储服务器的数据库中的，但是这种token的方式有一个缺点，就是他没有自动过期机制

JSON Web Token 认证机制:

json web token 简称 jwt 推荐使用 jwt 是在成功后，把用户的相关信息（比如用户id）以及过期时间进行加密，然后生成一个token返回给客户端，客户端拿到后可以存储起来，以后每次请求的时候都携带这个token，服务器在接收需要登陆api请求，这个token进行解密，然后获取过期时间和用户信息，如果过期了或者用户信息不对，那么都是认证失败

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework import viewsets
from meituan.models import Merchant
from .serializers import MerchantSerializer
from rest_framework.authentication import BasicAuthentication
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
 
 
class MerchantViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Merchant.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MerchantSerializer
    # 用来验证用户是否已经成功登陆
    authentication_classes = [BasicAuthentication]
    # 权限 经过授权才能访问
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]

没有授权

 

Django 创建超级用户

 

 

 

 手动实现JWT认证

pip install pyjwt

import jwt
import time
from django.conf import settings
 
def generate_jwt(user):
    # 设置过期时间
    timestamp = int(time.time()) + 60*60*24*7
    # 因为jwt.encode 返回的是bytes 数据类型，因此需要decode解码成str类型
    return jwt.encode({"userid":user.pk,"exp":timestamp},settings.SECRET_KEY).encode('utf-8')

from .authentications import generate_jwt
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
 
User = get_user_model()
# 模拟登陆
@api_view(['GET'])
def token_view(request):
    token = generate_jwt(User.objects.first())
    return Response({"token":token})

 jwt eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyaWQiOjEsImV4cCI6MTY2Mzc2ODAwMS4zNzgwODQyfQ._ktzqs2_FYSGmpZ4FZjdzTMr4BjD_IxLVKpPtyf03jQ

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import jwt
import time
from django.conf import settings
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication,get_authorization_header
from rest_framework import exceptions
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
User = get_user_model()
 
def generate_jwt(user):
    # 设置过期时间
    timestamp = int(time.time()) + 60*60*24*7
    # 因为jwt.encode 返回的是bytes 数据类型，因此需要decode解码成str类型
    return jwt.encode({"userid":user.pk,"exp":timestamp},settings.SECRET_KEY).decode('utf-8')
 
 
class JWTAuthentication(BaseAuthentication):
    """
    Authorization: Token 401f7ac837da42b97f613d789819ff93537bee6a
    """
 
    keyword = 'jwt'
    model = None
 
 
    def authenticate(self, request):
        auth = get_authorization_header(request).split()
 
        if not auth or auth[0].lower() != self.keyword.lower().encode():
            return None
 
        if len(auth) == 1:
            msg = 'Authorization 不可用!'
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(msg)
        elif len(auth) > 2:
            msg = 'Authorization 不可用! 应该提供一个空格!'
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(msg)
 
        try:
            jwt_token = auth[1]
            jwt_info = jwt.decode(jwt_token,settings.SECRET_KEY)
            userid = jwt_info.get('userid')
            try:
                user = User.objects.get(pk=userid)
                return (user,jwt_token)
            except:
                msg = "用户不存在!"
                raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(msg)
        except UnicodeError:
            msg = "token 已经过期了!"
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(msg)
 
 
 
 

 

 

 

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework import viewsets
from meituan.models import Merchant
from .serializers import MerchantSerializer
from rest_framework.authentication import BasicAuthentication
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated,AllowAny,IsAdminUser
from .authentications import generate_jwt,JWTAuthentication
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
 
User = get_user_model()
 
 
class MerchantViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Merchant.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MerchantSerializer
    # 用来验证用户是否已经成功登陆
    authentication_classes = [JWTAuthentication,BasicAuthentication]
    # 权限 经过授权才能访问
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated,IsAdminUser]
    # AUTHORIZATION
    # basic username:password
 
 
# 模拟登陆
@api_view(['GET'])
def token_view(request):
    token = generate_jwt(User.objects.first())
    return Response({"token":token})

 jwt decode error is It is required that you pass in a value for the “algorithms“ argument when calli