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centos8安装cobbler
centos8安装cobbler
文章目录
一. cobbler
1. cobbler 批量装机
1.1 简介
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Cobbler是一个Linux服务器安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机（真机，虚拟机，云主机），还可以管理DHCP，DNS. -
Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口（开发程序），可以方便二次开发使用。 -
Cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。 -
Cobbler内置了一个轻量级配置管理系统，但它也支持和其它配置管理系统集成，如Puppet，暂时不支持SaltStack。
1.2 Cobbler官网
1.3 cobbler集成的服务
- PXE服务支持，pxe从网络，局域网启动，从网络启动需要ip，网关
- DHCP服务管理，自动分配IP
- DNS服务管理(可选bind,dnsmasq)
- 电源管理，自动开机，远程开机，重启
- Kickstart服务支持，在安装系统，要设置系统，把需要设置的信息写入文件，通过文件批量应用
- YUM仓库管理，通过Apache部署网络源
- TFTP(PXE启动时需要)
- Apache(提供kickstart的安装源，并提供定制化的kickstart配置)
二. 部署cobbler
1. cobbler服务端部署
1.1 安装epel源，cobbler，使用官方源
[root@node4 ~]# dnf install epel-release -y [root@node4 ~]# dnf module list|grep cobbler Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 cobbler 3 default [d] Versatile Linux deployment server cobbler 3.3 default Versatile Linux deployment server [root@node4 ~]# dnf module enable cobbler:3 -y Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:24 ago on Fri Aug 12 16:19:33 2022. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================ Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================ Enabling module streams: cobbler 3 Transaction Summary ================================================================ Complete! [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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1.2 安装cobbler以及相关的软件
[root@node4 ~]# dnf -y install httpd dhcp* tftp tftp-server cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart rsync-daemon- 1
1.3 启动服务并设置开机自启，关闭selinux和防火墙并重启
[root@node4 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service 鈫� /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. [root@node4 ~]# systemctl enable --now cobblerd Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service 鈫� /usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service. [root@node4 ~]# systemctl enable --now rsyncd Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service 鈫� /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service. [root@node4 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:25151 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 5 0.0.0.0:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:443 *:* LISTEN 0 5 [::]:873 [::]:* LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node4 ~]# [root@node4 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@node4 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config [root@node4 ~]# reboot- 1
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1.5 生成密码,将新生成的加密密码加入到配置文件
[root@node4 ~]# openssl passwd -1 Password: Verifying - Password: $1$Fd0AJAGH$nkETxhZnhKmtHRBEOFSjE1 [root@node4 ~]# [root@node4 ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/ [root@node4 cobbler]# vim settings.yaml default_password_crypted: "$1$Fd0AJAGH$nkETxhZnhKmtHRBEOFSjE1"- 1
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1.4 配置cobbler 主配置文件
修改server的ip地址为本机ip [root@node4 ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/ [root@node4 cobbler]# vim settings.yaml server: 192.168.232.132 设置tftp的ip地址为本机ip [root@node4 ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/ [root@node4 cobbler]# vim settings.yaml next_server: 192.168.232.132 打开DHCP功能 [root@node4 ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/ [root@node4 cobbler]# vim settings.yaml manage_dhcp: true- 1
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1.5 修改模板配置文件
[root@node4 ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/ [root@node4 cobbler]# vim dhcp.template subnet 192.168.232.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.232.2; option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; range dynamic-bootp 192.168.232.100 192.168.232.254; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; next-server 192.168.232.132; 重启服务 [root@node4 cobbler]# systemctl restart httpd cobblerd- 1
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1.6 通过cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题
[root@node4 ~]# cobbler check The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 1: some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders. If you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, and yaboot. 2: reposync is not installed, install yum-utils or dnf-plugins-core 3: yumdownloader is not installed, install yum-utils or dnf-plugins-core 4: debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 5: fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes. [root@node4 ~]# 解决问题： 第1个问题 [root@node4 ~]# dnf -y install syslinux syslinux-extlinux syslinux-tftpboot Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 Last metadata expiration check: 0:44:35 ago on Fri Aug 12 16:25:56 2022. Package syslinux-6.04-5.el8.x86_64 is already installed. Package syslinux-extlinux-6.04-5.el8.x86_64 is already installed. Package syslinux-tftpboot-6.04-5.el8.noarch is already installed. Dependencies resolved. Nothing to do. Complete! [root@node4 ~]# [root@node4 ~]# ls /usr/share/syslinux/ [root@node4 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ [root@node4 loaders]# ls [root@node4 loaders]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 . [root@node4 loaders]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 . [root@node4 loaders]# ls menu.c32 pxelinux.0 [root@node4 loaders]# 2和3 安装包 [root@node4 ~]# dnf -y install yum-utils- 1
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1.7 sync同步配置
[root@node4 ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2022-08-12_171557_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Aug 12 17:15:57 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system_link removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images copying bootloaders running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=.cobbler_postun_cleanup', '/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=README.grubconfig', '/var/lib/cobbler/grub_config/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: copying distros to tftpboot copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* shell triggers finished successfully running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running python trigger cobbler.modules.managers.genders running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* shell triggers finished successfully *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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2. 导入镜像，必须选DVD镜像
挂载光盘 [root@node4 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt mount: /mnt: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only. [root@node4 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 1.8G 0 1.8G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 9.0M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/cs-root 17G 2.1G 15G 13% / /dev/sda1 1014M 215M 800M 22% /boot tmpfs 371M 0 371M 0% /run/user/0 /dev/sr0 11G 11G 0 100% /mnt [root@node4 ~]# ls /mnt/ AppStream EFI TRANS.TBL isolinux BaseOS LICENSE images media.repo [root@node4 ~]# [root@node4 ~]# cobbler import --name=CentOS8 --arch=x86_64 --path=/mnt task started: 2022-08-12_174134_import task started (id=Media import, time=Fri Aug 12 17:41:34 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/import/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/import/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel8 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel8 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64: creating new distro: CentOS8-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS8-x86_64 creating new profile: CentOS8-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64 for CentOS8-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/AppStream need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/AppStream looking for /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/AppStream/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/AppStream/repodata processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/BaseOS need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/BaseOS looking for /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/BaseOS/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/BaseOS/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@node4 ~]# //说明： --path //镜像路径 --name //为安装源定义一个名字 --arch //指定安装源平台- 1
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2.1 查看cobbler镜像列表
[root@node4 ~]# cobbler list distros: CentOS8-x86_64 profiles: CentOS8-x86_64 systems: repos: images: mgmtclasses: packages: files: [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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2.2 列出对象详细信息
列出对象 [root@node4 ~]# cobbler distro list CentOS8-x86_64 [root@node4 ~]# cobbler distro report Name : CentOS8-x86_64 Architecture : x86_64 Automatic Installation Template Metadata : {'tree': 'http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/CentOS8-x86_64'}//192.168.232.132/cobbler，镜像放的位置 TFTP Boot Files : {} Boot loader : grub Breed : redhat Comment : Fetchable Files : {} Initrd : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img Kernel : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz Kernel Options : {} Kernel Options (Post Install) : {} Management Classes : [] OS Version : rhel8 Owners : ['admin'] Redhat Management Key : Remote Boot Initrd : ~ Remote Boot Kernel : ~ Template Files : {} [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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2.3 检查dhcp是否正常
[root@node4 ~]# ss -an|grep 67 nl UNCONN 0 0 15:-67915378 * nl UNCONN 0 0 15:-67915378 * u_str ESTAB 0 0 * 27820 * 28867 u_str ESTAB 0 0 /run/systemd/journal/stdout 24967 * 26042 u_str ESTAB 0 0 * 26042 * 24967 u_str ESTAB 0 0 /var/lib/sss/pipes/private/sbus-dp_implicit_files.925 28867 * 27820 u_str ESTAB 0 0 * 46777 * 0 udp ESTAB 0 0 192.168.232.132%ens33:68 192.168.232.254:67 [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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3. 创建kickstarts自动安装脚本
自动生成的ks文件使用这个 cobbler profile get-autoinstall --name CentOS8-x86_64 [root@node4 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/templates/ [root@node4 templates]# vim centos8.ks [root@node4 templates]# cat centos8.ks auth --useshadow --enablemd5 bootloader --location=mbr clearpart --all --initlabel text # Firewall configuration firewall --disabled # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --disable # System keyboard keyboard us # System language lang en_US # Use network installation url --url=http://192.168.232.132/cblr/links/CentOS8-x86_64 # If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here. repo --name=source-1 --baseurl=http://192.168.232.132/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/AppStream repo --name=source-2 --baseurl=http://192.168.232.132/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/BaseOS # Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on # Reboot after installation reboot #Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$19011$EN0oI8ADpyxa78MJ66DZ10 # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled # Do not configure the X Window System skipx # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed autopart %pre set -x -v exec 1>/tmp/ks-pre.log 2>&1 # Once root's homedir is there, copy over the log. while : ; do sleep 10 if [ -d /mnt/sysimage/root ]; then cp /tmp/ks-pre.log /mnt/sysimage/root/ logger "Copied %pre section log to system" break fi done & # Enable installation monitoring %end %packages @^minimal-environment %end %post --nochroot set -x -v exec 1>/mnt/sysimage/root/ks-post-nochroot.log 2>&1 %end %post set -x -v exec 1>/root/ks-post.log 2>&1 # Start yum configuration curl "http://192.168.232.132/cblr/svc/op/yum/profile/CentOS8-x86_64" --output /etc/yum.repos.d/cobbler-config.repo # End yum configuration # Start post_install_network_config generated code # End post_install_network_config generated code # Start download cobbler managed config files (if applicable) # End download cobbler managed config files (if applicable) # Start koan environment setup echo "export COBBLER_SERVER=192.168.232.132" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.sh echo "setenv COBBLER_SERVER 192.168.232.132" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.csh # End koan environment setup $SNIPPET('redhat_register') # Begin cobbler registration # cobbler registration is disabled in /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml # End cobbler registration # Enable post-install boot notification # Start final steps curl "http://192.168.232.132/cblr/svc/op/autoinstall/profile/CentOS8-x86_64" -o /root/cobbler.ks # End final steps %end [root@node4 templates]#- 1
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3.1 验证
[root@node4 ~]# cobbler validate-autoinstalls task started: 2022-08-12_182626_validate_autoinstall_files task started (id=Automated installation files validation, time=Fri Aug 12 18:26:26 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/validate_autoinstall_files/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/validate_autoinstall_files/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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3.2 修改自动安装的文件和内核，改为自己写的
修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件 [root@node4 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name CentOS8-x86_64 --autoinstall centos8.ks 配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0 [root@node4 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name CentOS8-x86_64 --kernel-options 'net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0' [root@node4 ~]# [root@node4 ~]# cobbler profile report --name CentOS8-x86_64 Name : CentOS8-x86_64 Automatic Installation Template : sample.ks Automatic Installation Metadata : {} TFTP Boot Files : {} Comment : DHCP Tag : default Distribution : CentOS8-x86_64 Enable gPXE? : False Enable PXE Menu? : True Fetchable Files : {} DHCP Filename Override : <<inherit>> Kernel Options : {} [root@node4 ~]# cobbler profile report --name CentOS8-x86_64 Name : CentOS8-x86_64 Automatic Installation Template : centos8.ks Automatic Installation Metadata : {} TFTP Boot Files : {} Comment : DHCP Tag : default Distribution : CentOS8-x86_64 Enable gPXE? : False Enable PXE Menu? : True Fetchable Files : {} DHCP Filename Override : <<inherit>> Kernel Options : {'net.ifnames': '0', 'biosdevname': '0'} Kernel Options (Post Install) : {} Management Classes : [] Management Parameters : <<inherit>> Name Servers : [] Name Servers Search Path : [] Next Server Override : <<inherit>> Owners : ['admin'] Parent Profile : Proxy : Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>> Repos : [] Server Override : <<inherit>> Template Files : {} Virt Auto Boot : True Virt Bridge : xenbr0 Virt CPUs : 1 Virt Disk Driver Type : raw Virt File Size(GB) : 5 Virt Path : Virt RAM (MB) : 512 Virt Type : kvm [root@node4 ~]# 同步 [root@node4 ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2022-08-12_183820_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Aug 12 18:38:20 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system_link removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_efi.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_legacy.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_powerpc-ieee1275.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/x86_64_menu_items.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64 copying bootloaders running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=.cobbler_postun_cleanup', '/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=README.grubconfig', '/var/lib/cobbler/grub_config/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: copying distros to tftpboot copying files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64/initrd.img copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure copying files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64/initrd.img Writing template files for CentOS8-x86_64 rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf processing boot_files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* shell triggers finished successfully running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running python trigger cobbler.modules.managers.genders running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* shell triggers finished successfully *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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3.3 重启服务
[root@node4 ~]# systemctl restart httpd cobblerd rsyncd dhcpd- 1
4. 客户端安装虚拟机
4.1 打开虚拟机，创建虚拟机时内存给4G
4.1.1 错误1.
- tftp超时，解决TFTP未启动
[root@node4 ~]# systemctl enable --now tftp Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket 鈫� /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket. [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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4.1.2 错误2
- 不能启动，没有启动程序
[root@node4 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ [root@node4 loaders]# ls menu.c32 pxelinux.0 [root@node4 loaders]# [root@node4 ~]# ls /usr/share/cobbler/bin/mkgrub.sh /usr/share/cobbler/bin/mkgrub.sh [root@node4 ~]# /usr/share/cobbler/bin/mkgrub.sh + grub2-mkimage -O arm64-efi -o /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub/grubaa64.efi --prefix= all_video boot cat configfile echo true font gfxmenu gfxterm gzio halt iso9660 jpeg minicmd normal part_apple part_msdos part_gpt password_pbkdf2 png reboot search search_fs_uuid search_fs_file search_label sleep test video fat loadenv linux btrfs ext2 xfs jfs reiserfs tftp http luks gcry_rijndael gcry_sha1 gcry_sha256 mdraid09 mdraid1x lvm serial regexp tr efinet grub2-mkimage: error: cannot open `/usr/lib/grub/arm64-efi/moddep.lst': No such file or directory. + set +x + grub2-mkimage -O i386-pc-pxe -o /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub/grub.0 --prefix= all_video boot cat configfile echo true font gfxmenu gfxterm gzio halt iso9660 jpeg minicmd normal part_apple part_msdos part_gpt password_pbkdf2 png reboot search search_fs_uuid search_fs_file search_label sleep test video fat loadenv linux btrfs ext2 xfs jfs reiserfs tftp http luks gcry_rijndael gcry_sha1 gcry_sha256 mdraid09 mdraid1x lvm serial regexp tr chain pxe biosdisk + set +x + grub2-mkimage -O powerpc-ieee1275 -o /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub/grub.ppc64le --prefix= all_video boot cat configfile echo true font gfxmenu gfxterm gzio halt iso9660 jpeg minicmd normal part_apple part_msdos part_gpt password_pbkdf2 png reboot search search_fs_uuid search_fs_file search_label sleep test video fat loadenv linux btrfs ext2 xfs jfs reiserfs tftp http luks gcry_rijndael gcry_sha1 gcry_sha256 mdraid09 mdraid1x lvm serial regexp tr net ofnet grub2-mkimage: error: cannot open `/usr/lib/grub/powerpc-ieee1275/moddep.lst': No such file or directory. + set +x + grub2-mkimage -O x86_64-efi -o /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub/grubx64.efi --prefix= all_video boot cat configfile echo true font gfxmenu gfxterm gzio halt iso9660 jpeg minicmd normal part_apple part_msdos part_gpt password_pbkdf2 png reboot search search_fs_uuid search_fs_file search_label sleep test video fat loadenv linux btrfs ext2 xfs jfs reiserfs tftp http luks gcry_rijndael gcry_sha1 gcry_sha256 mdraid09 mdraid1x lvm serial regexp tr chain efinet grub2-mkimage: error: cannot open `/usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/moddep.lst': No such file or directory. + set +x + ln -s /usr/share/syslinux/ldlinux.c32 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ldlinux.c32 + set +x [root@node4 ~]# [root@node4 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ [root@node4 loaders]# ls menu.c32 pxelinux.0 [root@node4 loaders]# ls grub ldlinux.c32 menu.c32 pxelinux.0 [root@node4 loaders]# 然后同步一下 [root@node4 ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2022-08-12_185410_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Aug 12 18:54:10 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system_link removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_efi.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_legacy.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_powerpc-ieee1275.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/x86_64_menu_items.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64 copying bootloaders running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=.cobbler_postun_cleanup', '/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=README.grubconfig', '/var/lib/cobbler/grub_config/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: copying distros to tftpboot copying files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64/initrd.img copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure copying files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64/initrd.img Writing template files for CentOS8-x86_64 rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf processing boot_files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* shell triggers finished successfully running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running python trigger cobbler.modules.managers.genders running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* shell triggers finished successfully *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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4.2 安装
5. 批量安装
5.1 定制安装步骤：
- 统计服务器mac地址
- 配置cobbler
- 安装
5.2 登录界面
- 账号密码为cobbler
- 创建新系统
-
默认配置inherit
-
通用
- 高级
- 生成mac地址
- 网络
- 完成
-
也可以创建多个
-
同步
[root@node4 ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2022-08-13_105246_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Sat Aug 13 10:52:46 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/01-00-50-56-39-48-b4 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub.0 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub.ppc64le removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grubaa64.efi removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grubx64.efi removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system_link removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_efi.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_legacy.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/local_powerpc-ieee1275.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/x86_64_menu_items.cfg removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64 copying bootloaders running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=.cobbler_postun_cleanup', '/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=README.grubconfig', '/var/lib/cobbler/grub_config/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: copying distros to tftpboot copying files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS8-x86_64/initrd.img copying images generating PXE configuration files generating: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/01-00-50-56-39-48-b4 generating: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system/00:50:56:39:48:b4 generating PXE menu structure copying files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/CentOS8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS8-x86_64/initrd.img Writing template files for CentOS8-x86_64 rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf processing boot_files for distro: CentOS8-x86_64 cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* shell triggers finished successfully running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running python trigger cobbler.modules.managers.genders running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* shell triggers finished successfully *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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- 界面同步
5.3 开机
三. 配置文件
1. cobbler配置文件详解
cobbler配置文件目录在/etc/cobbler配置文件 作用 /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml cobbler 主配置文件 /etc/cobbler/iso/ iso模板配置文件 /etc/cobbler/user.conf web服务授权配置文件 /etc/cobbler/users.digest web访问的用户名密码配置文件 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template dhcp服务器的的配置模板 /etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template dns服务器的配置模板 /etc/cobbler/modules.conf 模块的配置文件 2. cobbler数据目录
目录 作用 /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/ 用于存放用户定义的cobbler命令 /var/lib/cobbler/templates/ 默认存放kickstart文件 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ 存放各种引导程序以及镜像目录 /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/ 导入的发行版系统的所有数据 /var/www/cobbler/images/ 导入发行版的kernel和initrd镜像用于远程网络启动 /var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/ yum仓库存储目录 3. cobbler日志文件
日志文件路径 说明 /var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log cobbler日志 /var/log/cobbler/tasks/ 安装导入日志 4. cobbler命令详解
cobbler check //核对当前设置是否有问题 cobbler list //列出所有的cobbler元素 cobbler report //列出元素的详细信息 cobbler sync //同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下 cobbler reposync //同步yum仓库 cobbler distro //查看导入的发行版系统信息 cobbler system //查看添加的系统信息 cobbler profile //查看配置信息 [root@node4 ~]# cobbler system usage ===== cobbler system add cobbler system copy cobbler system dumpvars cobbler system edit cobbler system find cobbler system get-autoinstall cobbler system list cobbler system poweroff cobbler system poweron cobbler system powerstatus cobbler system reboot cobbler system remove cobbler system rename cobbler system report [root@node4 ~]#- 1
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/mushuangpanny/article/details/126323095
