• 广播风暴的分析和解决方法（STP配置）

    目录

    1.广播风暴

    2.解决方法：配置STP

    1.广播风暴

    以下图为例 

     配置交换机LSW1

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname LSW1
    4. [LSW1]stp
    5. Sep 14 2023 05:35:15-08:00 LSW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
    6. 5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the 
    7. change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. 
    8.           ^
    9. Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
    10. [LSW1]undo info-center enable
    11. Info: Information center is disabled.
    12. [LSW1]stp mode stp
    13. Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
    14. [LSW1]display stp
    15. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    16. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-cc15-19c9
    17. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    18. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    19. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc15-19c9 / 0
    20. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-cc15-19c9 / 0
    21. CIST RootPortId     :0.0
    22. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    23. TC or TCN received  :2
    24. TC count per hello  :0
    25. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    26. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:1m:27s
    27. Number of TC        :4
    28. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/3
    29. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][LEARNING]----
    30.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    31.  Port Role           :Designated Port
    32.  Port Priority       :128
    33.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    34.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc15-19c9 / 128.1
    35.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    36.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    37.  Transit Limit       :147 packets/hello-time
    38.  Protection Type     :None
    39.  
    40. [LSW1]display stp brief
    41.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    42.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    43.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    44.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    45. [LSW1]display mac-address
    端口STP角色STP状态端口ID
    GE 0/0/1指定端口FORWARDING (转发)0
    GE 0/0/2指定端口FORWARDING (转发）0
    GE 0/0/3指定端口FORWARDING (转发)0

    禁用g0/0/1和g0/0/2端口  

    1. [LSW1]display mac-address
    2. [LSW1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
    3. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo stp enable
    4. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]qu
    5. [LSW1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
    6. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo stp enable
    7. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qu

     对LSW2做同样的操作 

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname LSW2
    4. [LSW2]stp mode stp
    5. Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
    6. [LSW2]
    7. Sep 14 2023 05:44:17-08:00 LSW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
    8. 5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the 
    9. change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
    10. [LSW2]undo info-center enable
    11. Info: Information center is disabled.
    12. [LSW2]display stp
    13. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    14. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-cc39-46ec
    15. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    16. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    17. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc39-46ec / 0
    18. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-cc39-46ec / 0
    19. CIST RootPortId     :0.0
    20. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    21. TC or TCN received  :108
    22. TC count per hello  :0
    23. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    24. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:3m:14s
    25. Number of TC        :10
    26. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/2
    27. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][LEARNING]----
    28.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    29.  Port Role           :Designated Port
    30.  Port Priority       :128
    31.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    32.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc39-46ec / 128.1
    33.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    34.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    35.  Transit Limit       :147 packets/hello-time
    36.  Protection Type     :None
    37.  
    38. [LSW2]display stp brief
    39.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    40.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    41.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    42.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    43. [LSW2]display mac-address
    44. [LSW2]interface g0/0/1
    45. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo stp enable
    46. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]qu
    47. [LSW2]interface g0/0/2
    48. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo stp enable
    49. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qu

     当我们互ping两个PC时，即

    PC>ping 192.168.100.19 -c 8
    PC>ping 192.168.100.29 -c 8

    #会出现请求超时的现象
    Ping 192.168.100.19: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    Request timeout!
    Request timeout!
    Request timeout!

    这时我们再查看mac地址表

    1. [LSW1]display mac-address
    2. MAC address table of slot 0:
    3. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    4. MAC Address    VLAN/       PEVLAN CEVLAN Port            Type      LSP/LSR-ID  
    5.                VSI/SI                                              MAC-Tunnel  
    6. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    7. 5489-9880-36b4 1           -      -      GE0/0/1         dynamic   0/-         
    8. 5489-98a8-0ea0 1           -      -      GE0/0/2         dynamic   0/-         
    9. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    10. Total matching items on slot 0 displayed = 2 
    11.  
    12. [LSW2]display mac-address
    13. MAC address table of slot 0:
    14. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    15. MAC Address    VLAN/       PEVLAN CEVLAN Port            Type      LSP/LSR-ID  
    16.                VSI/SI                                              MAC-Tunnel  
    17. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    18. 5489-9880-36b4 1           -      -      GE0/0/2         dynamic   0/-         
    19. 5489-98a8-0ea0 1           -      -      GE0/0/1         dynamic   0/-         
    20. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    21. Total matching items on slot 0 displayed = 2

     这时可以看到数据抓包，数据抓取速度很快，出现广播风暴，瞬间几千条数据，在交换机中输入命令时也会出现明显延迟

    在不同的时间段查看LSW2的mac地址表

    可以看到同一mac地址，记录了不同的端口（mac地址震荡）

    这是由于广播风暴导致广播消息在网络中被无限循环转发，交换机会不断地接收到重复的广播消息，并会记录下每个消息的源MAC地址和接收端口。这时cpu的利用率也会不断提高，网络性能变差。

    1. [LSW2]display mac-address
    2. MAC address table of slot 0:
    3. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    4. MAC Address    VLAN/       PEVLAN CEVLAN Port            Type      LSP/LSR-ID  
    5.                VSI/SI                                              MAC-Tunnel  
    6. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    7. 5489-9880-36b4 1           -      -      GE0/0/1         dynamic   0/-         
    8. 5489-98a8-0ea0 1           -      -      GE0/0/2         dynamic   0/-         
    9. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    10. Total matching items on slot 0 displayed = 2 
    11.  
    12. [LSW2]display mac-address
    13. MAC address table of slot 0:
    14. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    15. MAC Address    VLAN/       PEVLAN CEVLAN Port            Type      LSP/LSR-ID  
    16.                VSI/SI                                              MAC-Tunnel  
    17. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    18. 5489-9880-36b4 1           -      -      GE0/0/2         dynamic   0/-         
    19. 5489-98a8-0ea0 1           -      -      GE0/0/1         dynamic   0/-         
    20. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    21. Total matching items on slot 0 displayed = 2

    2.解决方法：配置STP

    以下图为例

     配置LSW1

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname LSW1
    4. [LSW1]
    5. Sep 14 2023 06:29:37-08:00 LSW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
    6. 5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the 
    7. change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
    8. [LSW1]UNDO info-center enable
    9. Info: Information center is disabled.
    10. [LSW1]stp mode stp
    11. Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
    12. [LSW1]display stp
    13. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    14. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618
    15. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    16. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    17. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 0
    18. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 0
    19. CIST RootPortId     :0.0
    20. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    21. TC or TCN received  :5
    22. TC count per hello  :0
    23. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    24. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:2m:14s
    25. Number of TC        :5
    26. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/1
    27. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][DISCARDING]----
    28.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    29.  Port Role           :Designated Port
    30.  Port Priority       :128
    31.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    32.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 128.1
    33.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    34.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    35.  Transit Limit       :147 packets/hello-time
    36.  Protection Type     :None
    37.  
    38. [LSW1]display stp brief
    39.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    40.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    41.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    42.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    43. [LSW1]display stp interface g0/0/1
    44. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    45. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618
    46. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    47. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    48. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 0
    49. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 0
    50. CIST RootPortId     :0.0
    51. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    52. TC or TCN received  :5
    53. TC count per hello  :0
    54. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    55. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:0m:29s
    56. Number of TC        :8
    57. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/3
    58. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
    59.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    60.  Port Role           :Designated Port
    61.  Port Priority       :128
    62.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    63.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 128.1
    64.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    65.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    66.  Transit Limit       :147 pack
    67. [LSW1]display stp interface g0/0/1 brief
    68.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    69.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    70. [LSW1]display mac-address

    对交换机LSW2采用同样的配置

    具有最高优先级的交换机被选为根网桥。若优先级相等，则具有最小MAC 地址的交换机被选为根网桥。默认情况下，交换机的优先级是 32768，在这里将LSW2的优先级设置为8192

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname LSW2
    4. [LSW2]STP
    5. Sep 14 2023 06:33:29-08:00 LSW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
    6. 5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the 
    7. change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. 
    8.           ^
    9. Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
    10. [LSW2]undo info-center enable
    11. Info: Information center is disabled.
    12. [LSW2]stp mode stp
    13. Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
    14. [LSW2]display stp
    15. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    16. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-ccd4-5efe
    17. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    18. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    19. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 40000
    20. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-ccd4-5efe / 0
    21. CIST RootPortId     :128.1
    22. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    23. TC or TCN received  :62
    24. TC count per hello  :2
    25. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    26. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:3m:24s
    27. Number of TC        :6
    28. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/1
    29. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][DISCARDING]----
    30.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    31.  Port Role           :Root Port
    32.  Port Priority       :128
    33.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    34.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc75-09aa / 128.3
    35.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    36.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    37.  Transit Limit       :147 packets/hello-time
    38.  Protection Type     :None
    39.  
    40. [LSW2]display stp int g0/0/1
    41. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    42. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-ccd4-5efe
    43. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    44. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    45. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 40000
    46. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-ccd4-5efe / 0
    47. CIST RootPortId     :128.1
    48. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    49. TC or TCN received  :78
    50. TC count per hello  :2
    51. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    52. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:3m:42s
    53. Number of TC        :6
    54. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/1
    55. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][LEARNING]----
    56.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    57.  Port Role           :Root Port
    58.  Port Priority       :128
    59.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    60.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc75-09aa / 128.3
    61.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    62.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    63.  Transit Limit       :147 packets/hello-time
    64.  Protection Type     :None
    65.  
    66. [LSW2]display stp brief
    67.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    68.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
    69.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
    70.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    71. [LSW2]display stp int g0/0/1 brief
    72.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    73.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
    74.  
    75. [LSW2]display mac-address
    76. #设置优先级
    77. [LSW2]stp priority 8192
    78.  
    79. [LSW2]display stp brief
    80.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    81.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
    82.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
    83.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
    84. [LSW2]display stp brief
    85.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    86.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    87.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    88.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    89. [LSW2]display stp brief
    90.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    91.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    92.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    93.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    94. [LSW2]display stp int g 0/0/1 brief
    95.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    96.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

     对交换机LSW3采用同样的配置 

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname LSW3
    4. [LSW3]
    5. Sep 14 2023 06:36:08-08:00 LSW3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
    6. 5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the 
    7. change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
    8.  
    9. [LSW3]undo info-center enable
    10. Info: Information center is disabled.
    11. [LSW3]stp mode stp
    12. Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
    13. [LSW3]display stp
    14. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    15. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-cc75-09aa
    16. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    17. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    18. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 20000
    19. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-cc75-09aa / 0
    20. CIST RootPortId     :128.1
    21. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    22. TC or TCN received  :93
    23. TC count per hello  :2
    24. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    25. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:2m:13s
    26. Number of TC        :13
    27. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/3
    28. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][DISCARDING]----
    29.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    30.  Port Role           :Root Port
    31.  Port Priority       :128
    32.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    33.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 128.1
    34.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    35.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    36.  Transit Limit       :147 packets/hello-time
    37.  Protection Type     :None
    38.  
    39. [LSW3]display stp int g0/0/1
    40. -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
    41. CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-cc75-09aa
    42. Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    43. Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
    44. CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 20000
    45. CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-cc75-09aa / 0
    46. CIST RootPortId     :128.1
    47. BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
    48. TC or TCN received  :104
    49. TC count per hello  :1
    50. STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
    51. Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:2m:26s
    52. Number of TC        :13
    53. Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/3
    54. ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][LEARNING]----
    55.  Port Protocol       :Enabled
    56.  Port Role           :Root Port
    57.  Port Priority       :128
    58.  Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=20000
    59.  Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc15-4618 / 128.1
    60.  Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
    61.  Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
    62.  Transit Limit       :147 pack
    63. [LSW3]display stp brief
    64.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    65.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  LEARNING        NONE
    66.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
    67.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    68.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    69. [LSW3]display stp int g0/0/1 brief
    70.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    71.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
    72. [LSW3]display mac-address
    73.  
    74. [LSW3]stp priority 4096
    75. [LSW3]display stp brief
    76.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    77.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
    78.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
    79.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
    80.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        DESI  DISCARDING      NONE
    81. [LSW3]display stp brief
    82.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    83.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    84.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    85.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    86.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    87. [LSW3]display stp brief
    88.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    89.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    90.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    91.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    92.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        DESI  LEARNING        NONE
    93. [LSW3]display stp brief
    94.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    95.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    96.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    97.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    98.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    99.  
    100. [LSW3]display stp interface g0/0/1 brief
    101.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    102.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

    根据LSW2,LSW3都可以看到，端口状态的改变是需要时间的，具体时间可看下图： 

     

     做完LSW3的配置后，再看看LSW2,LSW1各端口状态 

    1. [LSW2]display stp brief
    2.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    3.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
    4.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
    5.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    6.  
    7. [LSW1]display stp brief
    8.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    9.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
    10.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
    11.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    12.  
    13. [LSW3]display stp brief
    14.  MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
    15.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    16.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    17.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
    18.    0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

     可以看到LSW1和LSW2的g0/0/2端口被禁用了

    对于stp端口选择的规则可以看看这篇：

      http://t.csdn.cn/ySTni

    上面也可以看出stp端口角色名：

    1. Root Port（根端口）：连接到具有最低优先级的交换机的端口，该端口是距离生成树的根交换机最近的端口。

    2. Designated Port（指定端口）：对于每个网络段（LAN），STP选择一个指定端口，该端口用于发送和接收数据包，并作为该网络段连接的交换机的主要路径。

    3. Blocking Port（阻塞端口）：处于非活动状态，用于阻止环路的形成。阻塞端口不传递数据，并且不参与生成树的计算。

    4. Non-Designated Port（非指定端口）：与指定端口相反，在特定的网络段上不被选为主要路径的端口。

    端口分配如下： 

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69884785/article/details/132867034