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nginx做负载均衡服务器，配置动静分离
nginx做负载均衡服务器，配置动静分离
题目
后端RS服务器⼀台部署LNMP(nginx1.22+mysql8.0+php8.1)，⼀台部署httpd。 要求nginx和php使⽤编译安装 最后要通过访问nginx负载均衡服务器的IP看到动静分离的效 果。- 1
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环境说明
主机名 IP地址 安装服务 node1 192.168.205.144 lnmp，动态资源 node2 192.168.205.147 nginx，静态资源 node3 192.168.205.150 httpd，做负载均衡 关闭所有主机的防火墙
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@node1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@node1 ~]# setenforce 0 [root@node1 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config [root@node2 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@node2 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@node2 ~]# setenforce 0 [root@node2 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config [root@node3 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@node3 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@node3 ~]# setenforce 0 [root@node3 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config- 1
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在node1主机上部署lnmp，在动态资源
源码安装nginx
//上传软件包 [root@node1 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz //创建系统用户nginx [root@node1 ~]# useradd -rMs /sbin/nologin nginx //安装依赖环境 [root@node1 ~]# dnf -y groups mark install 'Development Tools' [root@node1 ~]# dnf -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++ make //创建日志存放目录 [root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx [root@node1 ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx/ [root@node1 ~]# ll -d /var/log/nginx/ drwxr-xr-x. 2 nginx nginx 6 Oct 19 14:57 /var/log/nginx/ //编译安装 [root@node1 ~]# tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz [root@node1 ~]# cd nginx-1.22.0 [root@node1 nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure \ > --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ > --user=nginx \ > --group=nginx \ > --with-debug \ > --with-http_ssl_module \ > --with-http_realip_module \ > --with-http_image_filter_module \ > --with-http_gunzip_module \ > --with-http_gzip_static_module \ > --with-http_stub_status_module \ > --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ > --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log [root@node1 nginx-1.22.0]# make [root@node1 nginx-1.22.0]# make install //配置环境变量 [root@node1 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh [root@node1 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh //启动nginx [root@node1 ~]# nginx [root@node1 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*- 1
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访问
yum安装MySQL
//安装yum源命令 [root@node1 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.22.0 mysql80-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz [root@node1 ~]# rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm //检查是否已经安装好yum源 [root@node1 ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 mysql-connectors-community MySQL Connectors Community mysql-tools-community MySQL Tools Community mysql80-community MySQL 8.0 Community Server [root@node1 ~]# yum module disable mysql //安装MySQL [root@node1 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server //启动MySQL [root@node1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld [root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service. [root@node1 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 70 *:33060 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //查看初始密码 [root@node1 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2022-10-19T08:24:34.348046Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .Cr5kaHvn>*3 //登录数据库修改密码 [root@node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.31 Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Jiang123!'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye- 1
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源码安装PHP
//上传并解压 [root@node1 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz mysql80-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm php-8.1.11.tar.gz nginx-1.22.0 [root@node1 ~]# tar xf php-8.1.11.tar.gz //配置网络源 [root@node1 ~]# dnf -y install epel-release //安装依赖包 [root@node1 ~]# dnf -y install sqlite-devel make wget libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl curl-devel libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php-mysqlnd --allowerasing oniguruma --skip-broken --nobest [root@node1 ~]# yum -y install libsqlite3x-devel libxml2-devel libzip-devel [root@node1 ~]# dnf --enablerepo=powertools install oniguruma-devel [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php8 \ --with-config-file-path=/etc \ --enable-fpm \ --enable-inline-optimization \ --disable-debug \ --disable-rpath \ --enable-shared \ --enable-soap \ --with-openssl \ --enable-bcmath \ --with-iconv \ --with-bz2 \ --enable-calendar \ --with-curl \ --enable-exif \ --enable-ftp \ --enable-gd \ --with-jpeg \ --with-zlib-dir \ --with-freetype \ --with-gettext \ --enable-json \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-pdo \ --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \ --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \ --with-readline \ --enable-shmop \ --enable-simplexml \ --enable-sockets \ --with-zip \ --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \ --with-pear \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-posix [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# make [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# make install //配置环境变量 [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php8/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php8.sh [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# source /etc/profile.d/php8.sh [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# which php /usr/local/php8/bin/php [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# php -v PHP 8.1.11 (cli) (built: Oct 19 2022 16:59:13) (NTS) Copyright (c) The PHP Group Zend Engine v4.1.11, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies //配置php-fpm [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini cp: overwrite '/etc/php.ini'? y [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# cp /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# cp /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf //这里写service文件设置开机自启 [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php8.service [Unit] Description=php After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/usr/local/php8/sbin/php-fpm ExecStop=ps -ef |grep php|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}' |xargs kill -9 ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# systemctl start php-fpm [root@node1 php-8.1.11]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 70 *:33060 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*- 1
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配置nginx
//创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面 [root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /www/abc [root@node1 ~]# vim /www/abc/index.php [root@node1 ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /www/abc/ [root@node1 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf location / { root /www/abc; index index.php index.html index.htm; location ~ \.php$ { root /www/abc; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www/abc$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; [root@node1 ~]# nginx -s stop [root@node1 ~]# nginx- 1
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访问
在node3主机安装httpd，做静态资源
[root@node3 ~]# dnf -y install httpd [root@node3 ~]# systemctl restart httpd [root@node3 ~]# systemctl enable httpd Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. [root@node3 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*- 1
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访问
在node2主机源码安装nginx并配置负载均衡器，进行调度
//创建系统用户nginx [root@node2 ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx //安装依赖环境 [root@node2 ~]# dnf -y groups mark install 'Development Tools' [root@node2 ~]# dnf -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++ make vim //创建日志存放目录 [root@node2 ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx [root@node2 ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx/ [root@node2 ~]# ll -d /var/log/nginx/ drwxr-xr-x. 2 nginx nginx 6 Oct 19 19:18 /var/log/nginx/ //编译安装 [root@node2 ~]# tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz [root@node2 ~]# cd nginx-1.22.0 [root@node2 nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure \ > --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ > --user=nginx \ > --group=nginx \ > --with-debug \ > --with-http_ssl_module \ > --with-http_realip_module \ > --with-http_image_filter_module \ > --with-http_gunzip_module \ > --with-http_gzip_static_module \ > --with-http_stub_status_module \ > --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ > --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log [root@node2 nginx-1.22.0]# make && make install //配置环境变量 [root@node2 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh [root@node2 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh //启动nginx [root@node2 ~]# nginx [root@node2 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*- 1
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配置负载均衡
[root@node2 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf upstream webserver { server 192.168.205.144; server 192.168.205.150; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { proxy_pass http://webserver; } [root@node2 ~]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@node2 ~]# nginx -s reload [root@node2 ~]# nginx -s stop [root@node2 ~]# nginx- 1
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访问
在nginx主机上配置动静分离
[root@node2 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf upstream webservers1 { server 192.168.205.144; } upstream webservers2 { server 192.168.205.150; } location / { proxy_pass http://webservers1; } location ~ \.php$ { proxy_pass http://webservers2; } [root@node2 ~]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@node2 ~]# systemctl restart nginx- 1
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静态访问
动态访问
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_72915775/article/details/127416499
