此存储库的目标是明确一些术语的含义,这些术语在开发社区中造成了很多混乱。我想提一下,这个澄清将从Java开发人员的角度进行。
今天称为数据传输对象的模式在 Core J2EE 模式的第一个版本中被错误地称为值对象。该名称在 Core J2EE 模式书的第二版中得到了更正,但名称“值对象”变得非常流行,并且仍用作实际 DTO 的别名。
public class UserCreationDTO {
@Email
private String email;
@NotNull
@Size(min=8, max=20)
private String password;
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
Entity是轻量级持久性域对象。通常,实体表示关系数据库中的表,每个实体实例对应于该表中的一行。
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User {
@Id
private UUID id;
private String email;
private String password;
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private Long status;
public UUID getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(UUID id) {
this.id = id;
}
// additional getters/setters
}
值对象本身表示一组固定数据,类似于 Java 枚举。现实世界中价值对象的示例将是货币,颜色.红色,性别。女性、二维坐标 (x, y)、日期范围 [开始日期、结束日期]、日期(年、月和日)等。
public class Money {
private final double amount;
private final String currency;
public Money(double amount, String currency) {
this.amount = amount;
this.currency = currency;
}
public double getAmount() {
return amount;
}
public String getCurrency() {
return currency;
}
}
Pojo 代表 普通的旧 Java 对象。一个普通的 Java 对象,不受 Java 语言规范强制限制之外的任何限制的约束。它不依赖于任何框架。它们是由 Sun 微系统公司在 EJB 3.0 中引入的。
public class EmployeePojo {
public String firstName;
public String lastName;
private LocalDate startDate;
public EmployeePojo(String firstName, String lastName, LocalDate startDate) {
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.startDate = startDate;
}
public String name() {
return this.firstName + " " + this.lastName;
}
public LocalDate getStart() {
return this.startDate;
}
}
JavaBean仍然是一个POJO,但引入了一套关于如何实现它的严格规则。
public class EmployeeBean implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3760445487636086034L;
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private LocalDate startDate;
public EmployeeBean() {
}
public EmployeeBean(String firstName, String lastName, LocalDate startDate) {
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.startDate = startDate;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
// additional getters/setters
}