Lesson 1 A private conversation

1. 原文

2. 参考译文

3. New words and expressions

★private

• ① adj. 私人的
  private life 私生活 private school 私立学校
• ② adj. 普通的
  private citizen 普通公民
  I’m a private citizen. (citizen n. 公民)
  private soldier 大兵《Private Ryan》《拯救大兵瑞恩》)
• public adj. 公众的，公开的(private的反义词)
  public school 公立学校
  public letter 公开信
  public place 公共场所
  privacy /ˈpraɪvəsi/ n.隐私
  It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)

★conversation n.谈话

• have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词 conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式 subject of conversation 话题
  They are having a conversation.
• talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人
  Let’s have a talk.
• dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈
  China and Korea are having a dialogue.
• chat /tʃæt/ 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，无关紧要的事。
• gossip /ˈɡɒsɪp/ 嚼舌头, 说长道短

★theatre n.剧场, 戏剧

• cinema /ˈsɪnəmə/ n.电影院

★seat n.座位

• have a good seat/place，这里的seat指place(指地点)，而不是chair.
• take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐
  Is the seat taken? 这个位置有人吗?
• 请坐的3种说法 :
  Sit down, please. (命令性)
  Take your seat, please.
  Be seated, please. (更礼貌)
• 作为动词的 seat 与 sit /sɪt/ 的区别
  sit(sat，)vi. 就座 He is sitting there.他坐在那儿。
  seat vt.让某人就座 Seat yourself.
  seat sb. 让某人就坐，后面会加人
  You seat him.你给他找个位置.
  When all those present(到场者) _ D_ he began his lecture. A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated
  sit down 坐下；be seated=take a seat 就坐

★angry adj. 生气的

• angry = cross

★angrily adv. 生气的

• I was angry. /He was cross.
• annoyed: 恼火的;
  be blue in the face 脸上突然变色
  程 I was annoyed.
  度 I was angry/cross.
  加 I was very angry.
  深 I am blue in the face. (脸色都青了,相当生气)

★attention n. 注意

• Attention ,please. 请注意(口语)
• pay attention 注意
  pay attention to … 对……注意
  You must pay attention to that girl.
• pay a little attention 稍加注意
  pay much attention 多加注意
  pay more attention 更多注意
  pay no attention 不用注意
  pay close attention 特别注意

★bear (bore, born) v. 容忍 /beər/

• ① vt. 承受，支撑，承担，负担
  Can the ice bear my weight?
  Who will bear the cost? 谁来承担这笔费用？
• ② vt. 忍受(与can/could连用于疑问及否定句中)
  She eats too fast. I can’t bear to watch/watching her.
  How can you bear living in this place?
  bear =stand =put up with I can’t bear/stand you.
• endure:忍受,容忍、put up with :忍受
  I got divorced(离婚).I could not put up with him
• bear/stand/endure 忍受的极限在加大
  bear n.熊 white bear 白熊
  bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱 give sb. a bear hug

★business n. 事, 生意

• ① n. 生意
  business man :生意人
  do business: 做生意
  go to some place on business:因公出差
• ② n. 某人自己的私人的事情
  It’s my business. (指私人的事, 自己处理的事)
  It’s none of your business. 不关你的事。

★rudely adv. 无礼地, 粗鲁地

• rude adj.

★pay vt. &vi. 支付

• ① vt. &vi. 支付(价款等)
  You can pay a deposit of thirty pounds… 您可以先付30英镑的定金……
  I’ll pay by installments. 我将分期付款
  (pay…for sth. 花/支付……(钱)买……)
• ② vt. &vi. 给予(注意等)；去(访问)
  They did not pay any attention.
  We paid a visit to our teacher last Sunday.
• ③ n. 工资，报酬
  I have not received my pay yet.

4. 课文讲解

• 1、Last week I went to the theatre.
  动词 go 的原义是离开一个地方去另一个地方，与介词 to 连用后，常加上主语所要去的目的来代表主语的动作目的。
  go to the +地点 表示去某地干嘛
  go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play去剧场看戏 go to the cinema = see a film去电影院看电影
  go to the dairy 去牛奶店
  go to the + 人 + 's 表示去这个人开的店
  go to the doctor’s 去看病；go to the butcher’s 买肉
  以下短语中名词前不加冠词：
  go to school 去上学；go to church 去做礼拜；go to hospital(医院) 去看病；go to bed 上床，睡觉；go home(跟 home 相连一定表无事情可做,回家休息)
  I am at home. 在家休息
• 2、I had a very good seat.
  seat 一般指戏院、汽车等配置的固定座位，也可以抽象地表示“座位”或“位子”等概念。
  the front seat of a car 汽车的前座
  Take a seat, please. 请坐。
• 3、I did not enjoy it.
  ① enjoy + n. 喜欢,从当中得到一种享受(后面不能跟人I enjoy the music. /the dinner/film/program/game
  ② enjoy oneself / 代词 玩的开心
  We always enjoy ourselves.
  ③ enjoy +动名词 Jane doesn’t enjoy swimming.
• 4、I got very angry.
  get 在这里有“逐渐变得”的含义，接近 become，是个表示过程的动词，表示状态的变化。而 I was very angry 则仅表示当时的状态是生气，并不暗示过程。
  I am/was angry. 是一个事实、I got angry. 强调变化过程 It is hot.、It got hot.
  got 取代 be 动词，got 是 半系动词,可直接加形容词。
• 5、I could not hear the actors. I turned round.
  hear+人:听见某人的话
  I could not hear you. Beg your pardon?
  I couldn’t hear you./I couldn’t hear a word./I couldn’t catch your words.
  I couldn’t hear you clearly./I couldn’t catch your words.
  Beg your pardon? /I couldn’t catch your words.
  turn round =turn around 转身
• 6、In the end, I could not bear it.
  in the end 最后，终于，表示一段较长的时间之后或某种努力之后 She tried hard to finish her homework by herself. In the end, she had to ask her brother for help.
• 7、I can’t hear a word!
  I can’t hear a word.
  美音:肯定 I can /kæn; kən/ 否定,I can’t /kænt/,它的/t/是吞进去的, 在读音上很难区别, 只能根据上下文来定
  hear a word of sb. (a word 等于一句话)
  He didn’t say a word.
  May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?
• 8、It’s none of your business.
  one’s business 指某人(所关心的或份内)的事
  It’s none of your business./None of your business./It’s my business. 不关你的事。
  It is my business to look after your health.
  none相当于not any或no one，但语气较强。
  She kept none of his letters. none of 这个短语有时可以表达一种断然、甚至粗暴的口气，尤其是在祈使句中：None of your silly remarks! 别说傻话了！

5. Key structures

简单陈述句的语序

陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号

• 1 .主语，一般由名词、代词或名词短语构成，通常位于动词之前，动词必须与主语一致，即主语决定动词的单复数形式

• 2 .谓语，由动词充当

• 3 .宾语，一般为名词、代词或名词短语

• 4 .副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语 I like her very much

• 5 .地点状语，一般在方式副词之后，时间副词之前

• 6 .时间状语，可以放在句首或句末

• 简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语, 谓语.
  如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配 when and where