存储介质中ext4的文件排布

0、说明

本文主要解析磁盘介质中，是如何排布来存储数据的。比如挂载文件系统后，在目录创建一个text.txt文件，里面存储了hello内容。

磁盘中都有哪些信息，磁盘只存储数据吗？

磁盘中hello的放在什么位置，如何找到它的。

本文需要有一些文件系统基础，比如inode。

1、分区信息验证实验

1.1、制作小分区

SD卡制作一个1M的小分区，然后将SD数据填充为全0，1M的一个分区，是为了方便查看里面所有内容。

1.2、格式化分区为ext4文件系统

把sd插入到ubuntu等中，格式化sd卡为ext4文件系统。

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

1.3、备份文件系统分区

将格式化好的文件系统制作成bin文件，方便后续恢复到最初格式化的状态。

 dd if=/dev/mmcblk0p1 of=/ext4_orig.bin

磁盘信息如下:

下面的内容就是在格式化该分区为ext4后的所有内容。


[root@OIL ~]# hexdump -C ext4_orig.bin 
00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000400  80 00 00 00 00 04 00 00  33 00 00 00 d6 03 00 00  |........3.......|
00000410  75 00 00 00 01 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |u...............|
00000420  00 20 00 00 00 20 00 00  80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |. ... ..........|
00000430  69 1d 07 63 00 00 ff ff  53 ef 01 00 01 00 00 00  |i..c....S.......|
00000440  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00  |i..c............|
00000450  00 00 00 00 0b 00 00 00  80 00 00 00 38 00 00 00  |............8...|
00000460  c2 02 00 00 6b 04 00 00  fc 5d 80 f1 b1 46 44 10  |....k....]...FD.|
00000470  a4 0e be ec c1 01 17 c4  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000480  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000004c0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 07 00  |................|
000004d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000004e0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 6b ac d7 31  |............k..1|
000004f0  f4 72 4a fb 9a da db 5e  ff 31 e5 79 01 00 40 00  |.rJ....^.1.y..@.|
00000500  0c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  |........i..c....|
00000510  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000560  01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000570  00 00 00 00 04 01 00 00  5a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |........Z.......|
00000580  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000007f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 d5 1b 3e 5b  |..............>[|
00000800  0a 00 00 00 1a 00 00 00  2a 00 00 00 d6 03 75 00  |........*.....u.|
00000810  02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  aa 2f cb d5 75 00 95 4c  |........./..u..L|
00000820  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000830  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  f3 cf b5 92 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000840  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00002800  ff ff 7f 06 00 fe ff 01  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00002810  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00002870  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80  |................|
00002880  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
*
00002c00  02 00 00 00 0c 00 01 02  2e 00 00 00 02 00 00 00  |................|
00002c10  0c 00 02 02 2e 2e 00 00  0b 00 00 00 dc 03 0a 02  |................|
00002c20  6c 6f 73 74 2b 66 6f 75  6e 64 00 00 00 00 00 00  |lost+found......|
00002c30  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00002ff0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 79 67 de 4c  |............yg.L|
00003000  0b 00 00 00 0c 00 01 02  2e 00 00 00 02 00 00 00  |................|
00003010  e8 03 02 02 2e 2e 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00003020  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000033f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 6a 8e 73 26  |............j.s&|
00003400  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00003410  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000037f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00003800  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00003810  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00003bf0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00003c00  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00003c10  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00003ff0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00004000  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00004010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000043f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00004400  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00004410  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000047f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00004800  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00004810  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00004bf0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00004c00  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00004c10  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00004ff0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00005000  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00005010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000053f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00005400  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00005410  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000057f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00005800  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00005810  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00005bf0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00005c00  00 00 00 00 f4 03 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00005c10  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00005ff0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 de 14 bf a6 d2  |................|
00006000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00006800  ff 07 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00006810  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
*
00006c00  00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00  04 00 00 00 05 00 00 00  |................|
00006c10  06 00 00 00 07 00 00 00  08 00 00 00 09 00 00 00  |................|
00006c20  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000a800  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |........i..ci..c|
0000a810  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |i..c............|
0000a820  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000a870  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 ca aa 00 00  |................|
0000a880  ed 41 00 00 00 04 00 00  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |.A......i..ci..c|
0000a890  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 03 00 02 00 00 00  |i..c............|
0000a8a0  00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00  0a f3 01 00 04 00 00 00  |................|
0000a8b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  01 00 00 00 0b 00 00 00  |................|
0000a8c0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000a8f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 26 f3 00 00  |............&...|
0000a900  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000a970  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 3c 74 00 00  |............<t..|
0000a980  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000a9f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 9e 68 00 00  |.............h..|
0000aa00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000aa70  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 5e 95 00 00  |............^...|
0000aa80  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000aaf0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 ef e5 00 00  |................|
0000ab00  80 81 00 00 00 30 04 04  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |.....0..i..ci..c|
0000ab10  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 01 00 10 00 00 00  |i..c............|
0000ab20  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000ab50  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 1b 00 00 00  |................|
0000ab60  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
0000ab70  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 18 3e 00 00  |.............>..|
0000ab80  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000abf0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 ab dc 00 00  |................|
0000ac00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000ac70  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 6b 21 00 00  |............k!..|
0000ac80  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000acf0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 da 51 00 00  |.............Q..|
0000ad00  c0 41 00 00 00 30 00 00  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |.A...0..i..ci..c|
0000ad10  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 02 00 18 00 00 00  |i..c............|
0000ad20  00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00  0a f3 01 00 04 00 00 00  |................|
0000ad30  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 00 0c 00 00 00  |................|
0000ad40  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
0000ad70  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 90 ce 00 00  |................|
0000ad80  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00100200
[root@OIL ~]#

1.4、交叉编译dumpe2fs工具，查看文件系统信息

更便捷的获取磁盘信息的内容，交叉编译dumpe2fs，该工具解析磁盘分区中的内容，直接展现出来，便于我们回过头去分析磁盘信息。

块大小:1024B
块数量:1024（正好1M）
inode size:128B
inode已使用11个，剩余117个，一共12个
inode从第42块开始存放
superblock在第1个块

根据下面内容，可以得到上面的一些重要信息:


[root@OIL ~]# dumpe2fs /dev/mmcblk0p1 
dumpe2fs 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)
Filesystem volume name:   <none>
Last mounted on:          <not available>
Filesystem UUID:          fc5d80f1-b146-4410-a40e-beecc10117c4
Filesystem magic number:  0xEF53
Filesystem revision #:    1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features:      ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file dir_nlink extra_isize metadata_csum
Filesystem flags:         signed_directory_hash 
Default mount options:    user_xattr acl
Filesystem state:         not clean
Errors behavior:          Continue
Filesystem OS type:       Linux
Inode count:              128
Block count:              1024
Reserved block count:     51
Free blocks:              982
Free inodes:              117
First block:              1
Block size:               1024
Fragment size:            1024
Reserved GDT blocks:      7
Blocks per group:         8192
Fragments per group:      8192
Inodes per group:         128
Inode blocks per group:   16
Flex block group size:    16
Filesystem created:       Thu Aug 25 14:57:45 2022
Last mount time:          Thu Jan  1 08:11:00 1970
Last write time:          Thu Jan  1 08:11:00 1970
Mount count:              1
Maximum mount count:      -1
Last checked:             Thu Aug 25 14:57:45 2022
Check interval:           0 (<none>)
Lifetime writes:          90 kB
Reserved blocks uid:      0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid:      0 (group root)
First inode:              11
Inode size:               128
Default directory hash:   half_md4
Directory Hash Seed:      6bacd731-f472-4afb-9ada-db5eff31e579
Checksum:                 0xcfc94b0f
 
 
Group 0: (Blocks 1-1023)
  Primary superblock at 1, Group descriptors at 2-2
  Reserved GDT blocks at 3-9
  Block bitmap at 10 (+9), Inode bitmap at 26 (+25)
  Inode table at 42-57 (+41)
  982 free blocks, 117 free inodes, 2 directories, 117 unused inodes
  Free blocks: 24-25, 28-41, 58-1023
  Free inodes: 12-128
[root@OIL ~]#

1.5 导出inode table信息

根据前面查到信息，从磁盘0xa800开始的之后16个块是inode table。我们将所有inode导出到bin文件中，便于后期查看。


[root@OIL ~]#  dd if=/dev/mmcblk0p1 of=/inode_table.bin skip=42 count=16 bs=1024
 
16+0 records in
16+0 records out
16384 bytes (16.0KB) copied, 0.002334 seconds, 6.7MB/s
[root@OIL ~]# 
[root@OIL ~]# hexdump -C inode_table.bin 
00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |........i..ci..c|
00000010  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |i..c............|
00000020  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000070  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 ca aa 00 00  |................|
00000080  ed 41 00 00 00 04 00 00  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |.A......i..ci..c|
00000090  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 03 00 02 00 00 00  |i..c............|
000000a0  00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00  0a f3 01 00 04 00 00 00  |................|
000000b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  01 00 00 00 0b 00 00 00  |................|
000000c0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000000f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 26 f3 00 00  |............&...|
00000100  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000170  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 3c 74 00 00  |............<t..|
00000180  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000001f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 9e 68 00 00  |.............h..|
00000200  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000270  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 5e 95 00 00  |............^...|
00000280  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000002f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 ef e5 00 00  |................|
00000300  80 81 00 00 00 30 04 04  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |.....0..i..ci..c|
00000310  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 01 00 10 00 00 00  |i..c............|
00000320  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000350  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 1b 00 00 00  |................|
00000360  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000370  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 18 3e 00 00  |.............>..|
00000380  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000003f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 ab dc 00 00  |................|
00000400  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000470  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 6b 21 00 00  |............k!..|
00000480  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
000004f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 da 51 00 00  |.............Q..|
00000500  c0 41 00 00 00 30 00 00  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |.A...0..i..ci..c|
00000510  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 02 00 18 00 00 00  |i..c............|
00000520  00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00  0a f3 01 00 04 00 00 00  |................|
00000530  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 00 0c 00 00 00  |................|
00000540  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000570  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 90 ce 00 00  |................|
00000580  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00004000
[root@OIL ~]#

1.6 分析目录inode信息

格式化ext4，挂载后，默认创建了lost+found，如下


[root@OIL sd]# ls
lost+found/
[root@OIL sd]#

查看这个目录对应的inode信息为第11个inode


[root@OIL sd]# stat  lost\+found/
  File: lost+found/
  Size: 12288           Blocks: 24         IO Block: 1024   directory
Device: b301h/45825d    Inode: 11          Links: 2
Access: (0700/drwx------)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
Access: 1970-01-01 08:24:40.000000000
Modify: 2022-08-25 14:57:45.000000000
Change: 2022-08-25 14:57:45.000000000
 
[root@OIL sd]#

根据inode table，和inode号，得出该inode的信息为：


[root@OIL sd]#  dd if=/inode_table.bin of=inode11.bin skip=10 count=1 bs=128
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
128 bytes (128B) copied, 0.000835 seconds, 149.7KB/s
[root@OIL sd]# hexdump -C inode11.bin 
00000000  c0 41 00 00 00 30 00 00  69 1d 07 63 69 1d 07 63  |.A...0..i..ci..c|
00000010  69 1d 07 63 00 00 00 00  00 00 02 00 18 00 00 00  |i..c............|
00000020  00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00  0a f3 01 00 04 00 00 00  |................|
00000030  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0c 00 00 00 0c 00 00 00  |................|
00000040  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00000070  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 90 ce 00 00  |................|
00000080
[root@OIL sd]#

显然，找到inode结构体的定义来和上面的信息一一对应起来。ext4 inode结构体定义：


struct ext4_inode {
	__le16	i_mode;		/* File mode */
	__le16	i_uid;		/* Low 16 bits of Owner Uid */
	__le32	i_size_lo;	/* Size in bytes */
	__le32	i_atime;	/* Access time */
	__le32	i_ctime;	/* Inode Change time */
	__le32	i_mtime;	/* Modification time */
	__le32	i_dtime;	/* Deletion Time */
	__le16	i_gid;		/* Low 16 bits of Group Id */
	__le16	i_links_count;	/* Links count */
	__le32	i_blocks_lo;	/* Blocks count */
	__le32	i_flags;	/* File flags */
	union {
		struct {
			__le32  l_i_version;
		} linux1;
		struct {
			__u32  h_i_translator;
		} hurd1;
		struct {
			__u32  m_i_reserved1;
		} masix1;
	} osd1;				/* OS dependent 1 */
	__le32	i_block[EXT4_N_BLOCKS];/* Pointers to blocks */
	__le32	i_generation;	/* File version (for NFS) */
	__le32	i_file_acl_lo;	/* File ACL */
	__le32	i_size_high;
	__le32	i_obso_faddr;	/* Obsoleted fragment address */
	union {
		struct {
			__le16	l_i_blocks_high; /* were l_i_reserved1 */
			__le16	l_i_file_acl_high;
			__le16	l_i_uid_high;	/* these 2 fields */
			__le16	l_i_gid_high;	/* were reserved2[0] */
			__le16	l_i_checksum_lo;/* crc32c(uuid+inum+inode) LE */
			__le16	l_i_reserved;
		} linux2;
		struct {
			__le16	h_i_reserved1;	/* Obsoleted fragment number/size which are removed in ext4 */
			__u16	h_i_mode_high;
			__u16	h_i_uid_high;
			__u16	h_i_gid_high;
			__u32	h_i_author;
		} hurd2;
		struct {
			__le16	h_i_reserved1;	/* Obsoleted fragment number/size which are removed in ext4 */
			__le16	m_i_file_acl_high;
			__u32	m_i_reserved2[2];
		} masix2;
	} osd2;				/* OS dependent 2 */
	__le16	i_extra_isize;
	__le16	i_checksum_hi;	/* crc32c(uuid+inum+inode) BE */
	__le32  i_ctime_extra;  /* extra Change time      (nsec << 2 | epoch) */
	__le32  i_mtime_extra;  /* extra Modification time(nsec << 2 | epoch) */
	__le32  i_atime_extra;  /* extra Access time      (nsec << 2 | epoch) */
	__le32  i_crtime;       /* File Creation time */
	__le32  i_crtime_extra; /* extra FileCreationtime (nsec << 2 | epoch) */
	__le32  i_version_hi;	/* high 32 bits for 64-bit version */
};

文件大小12288：

access时间：

1.7 查看新文件信息

创建一个新文件

0x18*1024 =0x6000

总结

通过上面的简单分析，我们可以看到磁盘中不仅存储数据信息，还要存储与该数据相关的很多信息，如大小，时间，位置等等（是一句废话，怎么可能只存储数据）。

inode分为磁盘inode和vfs看到的内存中的inode，这俩不完全一样。磁盘inode安装文件系统来定义，vfs的inode要比磁盘inode信息要多一些。

通过文件名确定inode编号，通过inode编号找到文件的inode信息，根据inode信息找到文件的存储位置，大小等信息。那么文件名和inode直接的关系是哪里建立的，保存在哪里？后面再分析。

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原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/fengyuwuzu0519/article/details/126525268