入门小菜鸟,希望像做笔记记录自己学的东西,也希望能帮助到同样入门的人,更希望大佬们帮忙纠错啦~侵权立删。
目录
(2)沿第二个维度划分权重矩阵(获取分给每个进程的权重矩阵列数)
简单来说就是基于模型分片地按列切分权重的线性变换。
权重:W = [W_1, ..., W_p](p为分区数量,即GPU数量);
偏置:B = [b_1, ..., b_p];
输入:X(每个GPU都拥有相同的X);
输出:Y;
表达式:Y = XW+B=X*[W_1, ..., W_p]+[b_1, ..., b_p] = [XW_1, ..., XW_p]+[b_1, ..., b_p] = [Y_1, ..., Y_p];(Y_1是在第一块GPU上的结果)
这里分为两种情况:一种是每块GPU上有相应的结果(如上面所示);另一种是结果Y给所有GPU共用(矩阵列表拼接的结果)。
(代码位置:model/mpu/layers)
假设W的shape为(c,d)。
- class ColumnParallelLinear(torch.nn.Module):
- """Linear layer with column parallelism.
- The linear layer is defined as Y = XA + b. A is parallelized along
- its second dimension as A = [A_1, ..., A_p].
- Arguments:
- input_size: first dimension of matrix A.
- output_size: second dimension of matrix A.
- bias: If true, add bias
- gather_output: If true, call all-gether on output and make Y avaiable
- to all GPUs, otherwise, every GPU will have its output
- which is Y_i = XA_i
- init_method: method to initialize weights. Note that bias is always set
- to zero.
- stride: For the strided linear layers.
- keep_master_weight_for_test: This was added for testing and should be
- set to False. It returns the master weights
- used for initialization.
- """
- def __init__(self, input_size, output_size, bias=True, gather_output=True,
- init_method=init.xavier_normal_, stride=1,
- keep_master_weight_for_test=False):
- super(ColumnParallelLinear, self).__init__()
- # Keep input parameters
- self.input_size = input_size
- self.output_size = output_size
- self.gather_output = gather_output
- # Divide the weight matrix along the last dimension.
- world_size = get_model_parallel_world_size()#获取进程数(每个进程组里有多少个进程)——默认情况下,只有一个进程组
- self.output_size_per_partition = divide(output_size, world_size)# 获取每个权重分区的大小
- # Parameters.
- # Note: torch.nn.functional.linear performs XA^T + b and as a result
- # we allocate the transpose.
- self.weight = Parameter(torch.Tensor(self.output_size_per_partition,
- self.input_size))#初始化权重——先由torch.Tensor生成全0的(d/p,c)的tensor,再由Parameter将一个不可训练的tensor转换成可以训练的类型parameter(即在定义网络时这个tensor就是一个可以训练的参数了)
- self.weight.model_parallel = True#启用权重并行
- if bias:#如果考虑偏置(b)
- self.bias = Parameter(torch.Tensor(self.output_size_per_partition))#初始化一个(1,d/p)的b矩阵(全0)
- self.bias.model_parallel = True#启用偏置并行
- # Always initialize bias to zero.
- with torch.no_grad():
- self.bias.zero_()
- else:#不考虑偏置
- self.register_parameter('bias', None)
-
- # Initialize weight.初始化权重矩阵
- self.master_weight = _initialize_affine_weight(
- self.weight, self.output_size, self.input_size,
- self.output_size_per_partition, 0, init_method,
- stride=stride, return_master_weight=keep_master_weight_for_test)
就是Y=XW+B(注意:这里F.linear是X*W^T+B)
- def forward(self, input_):
- # Set up backprop all-reduce.
- input_parallel = copy_to_model_parallel_region(input_)#将输入传递到模型并行区域
- # Matrix multiply.
- output_parallel = F.linear(input_parallel, self.weight, self.bias)#X*W+b
- if self.gather_output:#每片GPU都有相同的输出
- # All-gather across the partitions.
- output = gather_from_model_parallel_region(output_parallel)
- else:#每个GPU都将有其输出,即Y_i=X*W_i(第i片GPU)
- output = output_parallel
- return output
欢迎大家在评论区批评指正,谢谢~