matplotlib图表的样式

matplotlib图表的样式
网格线
```
matplotlib.pyplot.grid(b=None, which='major', axis='both', )
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```
- b：可选，默认为 None，可以设置布尔值，true 为显示网格线，false 为不显示，如果设置 **kwargs 参数，则值为 true。
- which：可选，可选值有 ‘major’、‘minor’ 和 ‘both’，默认为 ‘major’，表示应用更改的网格线。
- axis：可选，设置显示哪个方向的网格线，可以是取 ‘both’（默认），‘x’ 或 ‘y’，分别表示两个方向，x 轴方向或 y 轴方向。
- **kwargs：可选，设置网格样式，可以是 color=‘r’, linestyle=‘-’ 和 linewidth=2，分别表示网格线的颜色，样式和宽度。
设置字体及字体颜色
```
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = "SimSun"  # 字体
plt.rcParams['font.size'] = 60  # 字体大小
plt.rcParams[‘font.sans-serif’]=[‘SimHei’]#显示中文标签 
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```
显示正负号
```
plt.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus’]=False
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```
设置背景

 非绘图区背景
```
fig.patch.set_facecolor('lightskyblue')
fig.patch.set_alpha(0.6)  # set_alpha用于指定透明度
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```
设置背景图片：
```
if __name__ == '__main__':
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(16, 8))
    bgimg = img.imread('./world.png')
    fig.figimage(bgimg)
    pltfig(fig)
    plt.show()
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```
绘图区背景

在ax中设定颜色
```
ax.patch.set_facecolor('greenyellow')
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```
设置背景图片：
```
img = plt.imread("哆啦A梦.jpg")
fig,ax = plt.subplots()
ax.imshow(img)
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```
ax.patch.set_alpha(0.0) 绘图本身的背景现在是透明的。

字体

黑体：SimHei
微软雅黑：Microsoft YaHei
微软正黑体：Microsoft JhengHei
新宋体：NSimSun
新细明体：PMingLiU
细明体：MingLiU
华文新魏:STXinwei
华文行楷：STXingkai
华文隶书：STLliti
花纹琥珀：STHupo
华文彩云：STCaiyun
方正姚体：FZYaoti
方正舒体：FZShuTi
标楷体：DFKai-SB
华文仿宋：STFangsong
华文中宋：STZhongsong
华文宋体：STSong
华文楷体：STKaiti
华文细黑：STXihei
幼圆：YouYuan
隶书：LiSu
楷体_GB 2313:Kaiti_GB2313
仿宋_GB2313:FangSong_GB2313
仿宋：FangSong

rcParams

pyplot使用rcParams来自定义图形的各种默认属性，称之为运行配置参数。通过更改参数可以修改默认的属性，包括窗体大小、每英寸的点数、线条宽度、颜色、样式、坐标轴、坐标和网络属性、文本、字体等。
- _internal.classic_mode
- agg.path.chunksize
- animation.bitrate
- animation.codec
- animation.convert_args
- animation.convert_path
- animation.embed_limit
- animation.ffmpeg_args
- animation.ffmpeg_path
- animation.frame_format
- animation.html
- animation.writer
- axes.autolimit_mode
- axes.axisbelow
- axes.edgecolor
- axes.facecolor
- axes.formatter.limits
- axes.formatter.min_exponent
- axes.formatter.offset_threshold
- axes.formatter.use_locale
- axes.formatter.use_mathtext
- axes.formatter.useoffset
- axes.grid
- axes.grid.axis
- axes.grid.which
- axes.labelcolor
- axes.labelpad
- axes.labelsize
- axes.labelweight
- axes.linewidth
- axes.prop_cycle
- axes.spines.bottom
- axes.spines.left
- axes.spines.right
- axes.spines.top
- axes.titlecolor
- axes.titlelocation
- axes.titlepad
- axes.titlesize
- axes.titleweight
- axes.titley
- axes.unicode_minus
- axes.xmargin
- axes.ymargin
- axes.zmargin
- axes3d.grid
- backend
- backend_fallback
- boxplot.bootstrap
- boxplot.boxprops.color
- boxplot.boxprops.linestyle
- boxplot.boxprops.linewidth
- boxplot.capprops.color
- boxplot.capprops.linestyle
- boxplot.capprops.linewidth
- boxplot.flierprops.color
- boxplot.flierprops.linestyle
- boxplot.flierprops.linewidth
- boxplot.flierprops.marker
- boxplot.flierprops.markeredgecolor
- boxplot.flierprops.markeredgewidth
- boxplot.flierprops.markerfacecolor
- boxplot.flierprops.markersize
- boxplot.meanline
- boxplot.meanprops.color
- boxplot.meanprops.linestyle
- boxplot.meanprops.linewidth
- boxplot.meanprops.marker
- boxplot.meanprops.markeredgecolor
- boxplot.meanprops.markerfacecolor
- boxplot.meanprops.markersize
- boxplot.medianprops.color
- boxplot.medianprops.linestyle
- boxplot.medianprops.linewidth
- boxplot.notch
- boxplot.patchartist
- boxplot.showbox
- boxplot.showcaps
- boxplot.showfliers
- boxplot.showmeans
- boxplot.vertical
- boxplot.whiskerprops.color
- boxplot.whiskerprops.linestyle
- boxplot.whiskerprops.linewidth
- boxplot.whiskers
- contour.corner_mask
- contour.linewidth
- contour.negative_linestyle
- date.autoformatter.day
- date.autoformatter.hour
- date.autoformatter.microsecond
- date.autoformatter.minute
- date.autoformatter.month
- date.autoformatter.second
- date.autoformatter.year
- date.converter
- date.epoch
- date.interval_multiples
- docstring.hardcopy
- errorbar.capsize
- figure.autolayout
- figure.constrained_layout.h_pad
- figure.constrained_layout.hspace
- figure.constrained_layout.use
- figure.constrained_layout.w_pad
- figure.constrained_layout.wspace
- figure.dpi
- figure.edgecolor
- figure.facecolor
- figure.figsize
- figure.frameon
- figure.max_open_warning
- figure.raise_window
- figure.subplot.bottom
- figure.subplot.hspace
- figure.subplot.left
- figure.subplot.right
- figure.subplot.top
- figure.subplot.wspace
- figure.titlesize
- figure.titleweight
- font.cursive
- font.family
- font.fantasy
- font.monospace
- font.sans-serif
- font.serif
- font.size
- font.stretch
- font.style
- font.variant
- font.weight
- grid.alpha
- grid.color
- grid.linestyle
- grid.linewidth
- hatch.color
- hatch.linewidth
- hist.bins
- image.aspect
- image.cmap
- image.composite_image
- image.interpolation
- image.lut
- image.origin
- image.resample
- interactive
- keymap.back
- keymap.copy
- keymap.forward
- keymap.fullscreen
- keymap.grid
- keymap.grid_minor
- keymap.help
- keymap.home
- keymap.pan
- keymap.quit
- keymap.quit_all
- keymap.save
- keymap.xscale
- keymap.yscale
- keymap.zoom
- legend.borderaxespad
- legend.borderpad
- legend.columnspacing
- legend.edgecolor
- legend.facecolor
- legend.fancybox
- legend.fontsize
- legend.framealpha
- legend.frameon
- legend.handleheight
- legend.handlelength
- legend.handletextpad
- legend.labelcolor
- legend.labelspacing
- legend.loc
- legend.markerscale
- legend.numpoints
- legend.scatterpoints
- legend.shadow
- legend.title_fontsize
- lines.antialiased
- lines.color
- lines.dash_capstyle
- lines.dash_joinstyle
- lines.dashdot_pattern
- lines.dashed_pattern
- lines.dotted_pattern
- lines.linestyle
- lines.linewidth
- lines.marker
- lines.markeredgecolor
- lines.markeredgewidth
- lines.markerfacecolor
- lines.markersize
- lines.scale_dashes
- lines.solid_capstyle
- lines.solid_joinstyle
- markers.fillstyle
- mathtext.bf
- mathtext.cal
- mathtext.default
- mathtext.fallback
- mathtext.fontset
- mathtext.it
- mathtext.rm
- mathtext.sf
- mathtext.tt
- patch.antialiased
- patch.edgecolor
- patch.facecolor
- patch.force_edgecolor
- patch.linewidth
- path.effects
- path.simplify
- path.simplify_threshold
- path.sketch
- path.snap
- pcolor.shading
- pcolormesh.snap
- pdf.compression
- pdf.fonttype
- pdf.inheritcolor
- pdf.use14corefonts
- pgf.preamble
- pgf.rcfonts
- pgf.texsystem
- polaraxes.grid
- ps.distiller.res
- ps.fonttype
- ps.papersize
- ps.useafm
- ps.usedistiller
- savefig.bbox
- savefig.directory
- savefig.dpi
- savefig.edgecolor
- savefig.facecolor
- savefig.format
- savefig.orientation
- savefig.pad_inches
- savefig.transparent
- scatter.edgecolors
- scatter.marker
- svg.fonttype
- svg.hashsalt
- svg.image_inline
- text.antialiased
- text.color
- text.hinting
- text.hinting_factor
- text.kerning_factor
- text.latex.preamble
- text.usetex
- timezone
- tk.window_focus
- toolbar
- webagg.address
- webagg.open_in_browser
- webagg.port
- webagg.port_retries
- xaxis.labellocation
- xtick.alignment
- xtick.bottom
- xtick.color
- xtick.direction
- xtick.labelbottom
- xtick.labelcolor
- xtick.labelsize
- xtick.labeltop
- xtick.major.bottom
- xtick.major.pad
- xtick.major.size
- xtick.major.top
- xtick.major.width
- xtick.minor.bottom
- xtick.minor.pad
- xtick.minor.size
- xtick.minor.top
- xtick.minor.visible
- xtick.minor.width
- xtick.top
- yaxis.labellocation
- ytick.alignment
- ytick.color
- ytick.direction
- ytick.labelcolor
- ytick.labelleft
- ytick.labelright
- ytick.labelsize
- ytick.left
- ytick.major.left
- ytick.major.pad
- ytick.major.right
- ytick.major.size
- ytick.major.width
- ytick.minor.left
- ytick.minor.pad
- ytick.minor.right
- ytick.minor.size
- ytick.minor.visible
- ytick.minor.width
- ytick.right
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原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43956958/article/details/126375509

网格线

设置字体及字体颜色

显示正负号

设置背景

非绘图区背景

绘图区背景

字体

rcParams