第二章、dubbo 框架（dubbo 服务化最佳实践）

2.6.1 分包

建议将服务接口、服务模型、服务异常等均放在公共包中。

2.6.2 粒度

服务接口尽可能大粒度，每个服务方法应代表一个功能，而不是某功能的一个步骤，否则将面临分布式事务问题， Dubbo 暂未提供分布式事务支持。

服务接口建议以业务场景为单位划分，并对相近业务做抽象，防止接口数量爆炸。

不建议使用过于抽象的通用接口，如： Map query(Map) ，这样的接口没有明确语义，会给后期维护带来不便。

2.6.3 版本

每个接口都应定义版本号，为后续不兼容升级提供可能，如：。

建议使用两位版本号，要变更服务版本。先升级一半提供者为新版本，再将消费者全部升为新版本，然后将剩下的一半提供者升为新版本。

2.7 改造 dubbo 项目

抽象分散在多个项目中的公共接口，实体类，异常，工具类到一个项目中，在其他项目如服务提供者，消费者共用公共的资源。

功能实现

1.新建model不使用maven框架

2. User实体类


package com.it.dubbo.entity;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
 
public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
 
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
 
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

3.UserService接口


package com.it.dubbo.service;
 
import com.it.dubbo.entity.User;
 
public interface UserService {
    User queryUserById(Integer id);
    Integer queryAllUserCount();
}

4.pom.xml文件


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
 
    <groupId>com.it.dubbogroupId>
    <artifactId>003-link-interfaceartifactId>
    <packaging>pompackaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
 
 
 
project>

1.新建model使用maven的archet-webapp框架

2.pom.xml文件


 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
 
  <groupId>com.it.dubbogroupId>
  <artifactId>004-link-userservice-providerartifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
  <packaging>warpackaging>
 
  <dependencies>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
      <version>4.3.16.RELEASEversion>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
      <version>4.3.16.RELEASEversion>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
      <artifactId>dubboartifactId>
      <version>2.6.2version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.it.dubbogroupId>
      <artifactId>003-link-interfaceartifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    dependency>
  dependencies>
 
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
        <version>3.1version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8source>
          <target>1.8target>
        configuration>
      plugin>
    plugins>
  build>
 
project>

3.接口实现类userServiceImpl


package com.it.dubbo.service.impl;
 
import com.it.dubbo.entity.User;
import com.it.dubbo.service.UserService;
 
import java.util.UUID;
 
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public User queryUserById(Integer id) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(id);
        user.setName("小王");
        user.setAge(22);
        return user;
    }
 
    @Override
    public Integer queryAllUserCount() {
        return 666;
    }
}

4.dubbo-userservice-provider配置文件


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
 
    
    <dubbo:application name="004-link-userservice-provider"/>
    
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
    
    <dubbo:service interface="com.it.dubbo.service.UserService" ref="userService" registry="N/A"/>
    
    <bean id="userService" class="com.it.dubbo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>
 
 
beans>

5.web.xml配置文件


<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
 
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
        <param-value>classpath:dubbo-userservice-provider.xmlparam-value>
    context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
    listener>
    
web-app>

1.新建model使用maven的archety框架

2.UserController类


package com.it.dubbo.web;
 
import com.it.dubbo.entity.User;
import com.it.dubbo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 
@Controller
public class UserController {
 
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
 
    @RequestMapping(value = "/userDetail")
    public String userDetail(Model model,Integer id){
        //根据用户标识获取用户详情
        User user = userService.queryUserById(id);
        //获取用户总人数
        Integer integer = userService.queryAllUserCount();
        model.addAttribute("user",user);
        model.addAttribute("i",integer);
        return "userDetail";
    }
}

3.applicatContext.xml配置文件


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
 
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.it.dubbo.web"/>
    
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    bean>
beans>

4.dubbo-consumer.xml配置文件


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
 
    
    <dubbo:application name="005-link-consumer"/>
    
    <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="com.it.dubbo.service.UserService"
                     url="dubbo://localhost:20880" registry="N/A"/>
 
beans>

5.web.xml配置文件


<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
 
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServletservlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml,classpath:dubbo-cunsumer.xmlparam-value>
    init-param>
servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServletservlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
    servlet-mapping>
 
web-app>

6.userDetail.jsp


 
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>用户详情title>
head>
<body>
<h3>用户详情h3>
<div>用户标识：${user.id}div>
<div>用户姓名：${user.name}div>
<div>用户年龄：${user.age}div>
<div>用户总人数：${i}div>
body>
html>

1.配置tomcat服务器

功能测试：

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原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_59334478/article/details/126312108