亚马逊16条领导力原则

这里是亚马逊最新16条领导力原则，我会不断优化翻译。

1. Customer Obsession 客户至上
   Leaders start with the customer and work backwards. They work vigorously to earn and keep customer trust. Although leaders pay attention to competitors, they obsess over customers.
   领导者从客户开始，反向推动工作。他们拼命努力去获取和维护客户的信任。虽然领导者关注竞争者，但是他们更迷恋客户。

亚马逊把这个作为第一条法则，说明对企业来说，客户的重要性。从客户开始，反向推动工作，意思就是所有的工作计划，应该从客户反推回去进行安排。
关注竞争者，更迷恋客户，这个应该成为不断提醒自己的要点。

2. Ownership 责任心/主人翁精神
   Leaders are owners. They think long term and don’t sacrifice long-term value for short-term results. They act on behalf of the entire company, beyond just their own team. They never say “that’s not my job.”
   领导者是主人。他们思考长期，他们不会为了短期的回报牺牲长期价值。他们为整个公司的利益而行动，而不是只为了他们自己的团队。他们从来不会说：那不是我的工作。

不会为了局部牺牲整体利益，不会为了短期牺牲长期利益。不会局限自己的工作范围。

3. Invent and Simplify 创造和简化
   Leaders expect and require innovation and invention from their teams and always find ways to simplify. They are externally aware, look for new ideas from everywhere, and are not limited by “not invented here.” As we do new things, we accept that we may be misunderstood for long periodsof time.
   领导者期望和要求他们的团队创新和发明，并总是去找到简化的方法。他们有外部感知意识，从每个地方寻找新想法，不会被“不是这里发明的”而限制。当我们做新的事情时，我们接受我们可能会被误解很长时间。

这里有个关键词：externally aware。外部意识，或者是感知外界的思维习惯。不断从外部获取好的方法，而不是局限于都要自己发明创造。

4. Are Right, A Lot 大量的正确决策
   Leaders are right a lot. They have strong judgment and good instincts. Theyseek diverse perspectives and work to disconfirm their beliefs.
   领导者做大量正确的决策。他们有强大的判断力和敏锐的直觉。他们寻找多元视角，努力去推翻自己的信仰。

这个地方是自己最近几年最大的思维改变。以前总想证明自己是对的，现在更想弄清到底什么是对的。如果自己是对的，那么自己早就已经取得足够成功，所以恰恰需要找到足够的东西，证明自己的以前的信念是错误的，从而建立正确的信念。

5. Learn and Be Curious 学习和好奇心
   Leaders are never done learning and always seek to improve themselves. They are curious about new possibilities and act to explore them.
   领导者从未停止学习，并且总是寻求提高自己。他们对新的可能性充满好奇，并用行动去探索它们。

用行动探索，真正提高自己，而不是停留在学习了，知道了。

6. Hire and Develop the Best 招募和培养最好的人
   Leaders raise the performance bar with every hire and promotion. They recognize exceptional talent, and willingly move them throughout the organization. Leaders develop leaders and take seriously their role in coaching others. We work on behalf of our people to invent mechanisms for development like Career Choice.
   领导者通过每一次招聘和晋升来提高绩效标准。他们认可杰出的人才，并愿意在整个组织中调动他们。领导者培养领导者，并认真对待他们在指导他人方面的作用。我们代表我们的员工发明像职业选择这样的发展机制。

7. Insist on the Highest Standard 坚持最高标准
   Leaders have relentlessly high standards— many people may think these standards are unreasonably high. Leaders are continually raising the bar and drive their teams to deliver high quality products, services and processes. Leaders ensure that defects do not get sent down the line and that problems are fixed so they stay fixed.
   领导者有着坚持不懈的高标准——许多人可能认为这些标准高得不合理。领导者不断提高标准，推动他们的团队提供高质量的产品、服务和流程。领导者保持关注直到问题解决，以确保缺陷不会被传递到生产线上。

8. Think Big 大格局（大志向）
   Thinking small is a self-fulfilling prophecy. Leaders create and communicate a bold direction that inspires results. They think differently and look around corners for ways to serve customers.
   小格局是一个自证预言。领导者创造并传递一个能带来成果的大目标。他们有与众不同的想法，他们为服务客户而到处寻找方法。

自证预言（self-fulfilling prophecy）是一种在心理学上常见的现象，意指人会不自觉的按已知的预言来行事，最终令预言发生；也指对他人的期望会影响对方的行为，使得对方按照期望行事。“罗森塔尔效应”就是一种自证预言。

9. Bias for Action 崇尚行动
   Speed matters in business. Many decisions and actions are reversible and do not need extensive study. We value calculated risk taking.
   商业中速度非常重要。许多决策和行动是可逆的，不需要大量的研究。我们看重风险评估。

只要风险是可控的，就不需要一直犹豫不决，可以用快速的行动去验证。

10. Frugality 节俭
    Accomplish more with less. Constraints breed resourcefulness, self-sufficiency and invention. There are no extra points for growing headcount, budget size or fixed expense.
    花小钱办大事。限制条件产生智谋、自立和创意。增加员工人数，预算规模和公司固定开支不会带来额外的好处。

11. Earn Trust 获取信任
    Leaders listen attentively, speak candidly, and treat others respectfully. They are vocally self-critical, even when doing so is awkward or embarrassing. Leaders do not believe their or their team’s body odor smells of perfume. They benchmark themselves and their teams against the best.
    领导者认真聆听，坦率发言，尊重他人。即使让自己尴尬和窘迫，他们也会坦率的自我批评。领导者不相信自己和自己的团队汗味是香的。他们向最好的团队对齐，来检测自己和自己的团队。

12. Dive Deep 深度挖掘
    Leaders operate at all levels, stay connected to the details, audit frequently, and are skeptical when metrics and anecdote differ. No task is beneath them.
    领导者在每一个层面操作，与细节保持联系，频繁的检查，当指标和传闻不一致的时候保持怀疑。没有所谓大材小用。

13. Have Backbone; Disagree and Commit 有骨气，质疑并配合（遵从）
    Leaders are obligated to respectfully challenge decisions when they disagree, even when doing so is uncomfortable or exhausting. Leaders have conviction and are tenacious. They do not compromise for the sake of social cohesion. Once a decision is determined, they commit wholly.
    领导者有不同意见时，有义务用尊重的态度去质疑这个决定，即使这样做令人不舒服或筋疲力尽。领导者有信念，坚韧不拔。他们不会为了团队凝聚力而妥协。但是一旦决定，他们会全力以赴的配合。
    “如果只是妥协而没有争论，无疑会更容易而且有社交凝聚力，但那样可能会导致错误的结果。”——托尼·加尔贝托（Tony Galbato）, 亚马逊负责人力资源部的副总裁

14. Deliver Results 交付成果
    Leaders focus on the key inputs for their business and deliver them with the right quality and in a timely fashion. Despite setbacks, they rise to the occasion and never settle.
    领导者关注业务的关键投入，并高质量及时交付。遇到挫折，他们会随机应变而不是停滞不前。

15. Strive to be Earth’s Best Employer 努力成为地球上的最佳雇主
    Leaders work every day to create a safer, more productive, higher performing, more diverse, and more just work environment. They lead with empathy, have fun at work, and make it easy for others to have fun. Leaders ask themselves: Are my fellow employees growing? Are they empowered? Are they ready for what’s next? Leaders have a vision for and commitment to their employees’ personal success, whether that be at Amazon or elsewhere.
    领导者每天都在努力创造一个更安全、更高效、更高绩效、更多样化、更公正的工作环境。他们以同理心领导，在工作中获得乐趣，并让其他人轻松获得乐趣。领导者问自己：我的同事们在成长吗？他们被赋予权力了吗？他们为接下来的事情做好准备了吗？领导者对员工的个人成功有愿景和承诺，无论是在亚马逊还是其他地方。

Success and Scale Bring Broad Responsibility 成功和规模带来更广泛的责任
We started in a garage, but we’re not there anymore. We are big, we impact the world, and we are far from perfect. We must be humble and thoughtful about even the secondary effects of our actions. Our local communities, planet, and future generations need us to be better every day. We must begin each day with a determination to make better, do better, and be better for our customers, our employees, our partners, and the world at large. And we must end every day knowing we can do even more tomorrow. Leaders create more than they consume and always leave things better than how they found them.
我们从一个车库开始，但我们已经不在那里了。我们很大，我们影响着世界，我们远非完美。我们必须谦虚和深思熟虑，甚至考虑到我们行为的次要影响。我们的当地社区、地球和后代需要我们每天都变得更好。我们每天都必须下定决心，为我们的客户、员工、合作伙伴和整个世界做得更好，做得更好。我们每天都必须知道明天我们可以做得更多。领导者创造的比消费的多，总是让事情比他们发现的更好。