• 【PMI-PMP®模考二 错题汇总】


    选择题 (每题1分,共37道题)

    9、 在项目执行过程中,指定供应商的仓库发生火灾,导致无法按计划为项目提供所需产品。为了不影响项目顺利执行,项目经理决定从原定备用供应商那里.采购所需产品。项目经理的做法属于?
    During the project execution, in case of fire accident in the warehouse of the designated supplier, making it impossible to provide the required products as per the plan. To avoid affecting the smooth execution of the project, the project manager decides to purchase the required products from the original alternative supplier. What kind of his practice belongs to?

    •  A :执行权变措施 Execute contingency action

    •  B :执行弹回计划 Perform resilience plan

    •  C : 执行应急计划 Execute response plan

    •  D :执行风险转移 Perform risk transfer


     

    正确答案:C 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P439 章节:11.5 应急计划:要为实施商定的风险应对策略,包括主要策略和备用策略(若必要),制定具体的应对行动。 如果选定的策略并不完全有效,或者发生了已接受的风险,就需要制定应急计划(或弹回计划) 从原定的备用供应商采购,说明有应对措施,属于已知风险的应急计划。

    10、 你刚刚被分配到一个处于实施阶段中期的项目任项目经理,你正在确定你将如何控制这个项目,控制这个项目的最佳方法是:
    You have just been assigned as project manager in execution phase and you have to determine how you should control the project,the best way is to:

    •  A : 使用综合的沟通方法 Use a combination of communication methods

    •  B :召开项目进度会议 Hold schedule meetings

    •  C :每周参照甘特图 Refer to Gantt chart weekly

    •  D :定期与管理层开会 Meet with management regularly

    正确答案:A 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P364 章节:10 制定项目相关方沟通策略时,通常应考虑所有可用技术,并从中作出选择;同时也应尊重因文化、实践和个人背景而产生的对沟通语言、媒介、内容和方式的偏好。可以根据需要采用社交媒体和其他先进的电脑技术。多面性方法能够提高与不同年代和文化背景的相关方沟通的效果。 多面性方法能提高与相关方的沟通效果。

    13、 为了确定最长的工期路径,项目团队同时考虑了任务的依赖关系和资源制约条件. 项目经理使用的是下列哪一项进度安排方法?
    To determine the longest duration path,the project team considers both task dependencies and resource constraints. The project team uses which of the following scheduling methodologies ?

    •  A : 关键链法 Critical chain method

    •  B :关键路径法 Critical path method

    •  C :关键评审技术 Critical evaluation and review technique

    •  D :图形路径法 Graphical path method

    正确答案:A 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P210 章节:6.5.2.2 关键路径法用于在进度模型中估算项目最短工期,确定逻辑网络路径的进度灵活性大小。关键链法就是考虑了资源约束的关键路径法。

    16、 在生产了一些项目可交付成果之后,项目集经理将其中两个项目团队成员转移到优先级更高的项目中,并为你提供替换选项。新的团队成员缺乏担任角色的经验,而你意识到不再可以达到绩效测量基准。你必须采取以下哪些操作?(选择两项)
    After some of the project deliverables have been produced, The program manager transfers two of the project team members to a higher priority project & provides you with replacement. The new team members lack the experience to fill in the roles. You realize that performance measurement baseline is no longer attainable. Which of the following actions you will have to take (Choose Two)

    •  A : 提交变更请求以修改项目基准 Submit a Change request to modify project baselines

    •  B : 修订项目团队的分配以适应人员变动 Revise the project team assignments to align with staffing changes

    •  C :更新汲取的经验教训知识库以反映任何新的最佳实践 Update the lessons learned repository to reflect any new best practices

    •  D :调整WBS和WBS词典以反映新的任务 Adjust the WBS and WBS dictionary to reflect new assignments

    正确答案:A,B 你的答案:B,C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P112 章节:4.5.3.2 变更请求:通过比较实际情况与计划要求,可能需要提出变更请求,来扩大、调整或缩小项目范围与产品范围,或者提高、调整或降低质量要求和进度或成本基准 提交变更,修定基准,和资源管理计划。

    28、 项目经理发现关键路径上一项活动的开始到结束依赖关系遗漏了。项目进度计划已经与客户沟通,若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
    The project manager identifies that a finish-to-start dependency for an activity on the critical path is missing. The project schedule was already communicated to the customer. What should the project manager have done to avoid this issue?

    •  A :审查工作分解结构 Reviewed the work breakdown structure

    •  B : 进行进度网络分析 Conducted a schedule network analysis

    •  C :制定风险管理计划 Prepared a risk management plan

    •  D :进行挣值分析 Conducted an earned value analysis

    正确答案:B 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P209 章节:6.5.2.1 进度网络分析是创建项目进度模型的一种综合技术,它采用了其他几种技术,例如关键路径法、资源优化技术和建模技术。 进度网络图中有各个活动之间依赖关系。

    41、 应该使用下列哪一种定量方法来制定项目预算?
    What quantitative approach should be used in developing a project budget?

    •  A :帕累托图 Pareto diagrams

    •  B : 参数估算 Parametric judgment estimating

    •  C :专家判断 Expert judgment estimation

    •  D :净值管理 Earned value management

    正确答案:B 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P244 章节:7.2.2.3 参数估算是指利用历史数据之间的统计关系和其他变量(如建筑施工中的平方英尺),来进行项目工作的成本估算 参数估算是一种定量估算方法,挣值分析是一种控制成本的工具。所以D不对

    43、 你领导着两个独立的团队在同一个项目上工作。可交付成果的性质要求一个团队采用预测法,而另一个团队使用Scrum。由于团队之间的依赖性和Scrum团队输出的可变性质,预测性团队需要用尽可能短的反馈循环来确认他们对Scrum团队活动的理解。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
    You are leading two independent teams working on the same project. The nature of the deliverables requires that one team takes a predictive approach, while the other uses Scrum. Due to dependencies between the teams and the variable nature of the outputs from the Scrum team, the predictive team needs to confirm their understanding of the Scrum team's activities with the shortest feedback loop possible. What is your best course of action?

    •  A :将项目回顾纳入项目进度计划 Include a project retrospective into the project schedule

    •  B :要求Scrum团队使用信息发射源 Request that the Scrum team use information radiators

    •  C :结合定期的客户反馈循环的使用 Incorporate the use of periodic customer feedback loops

    •  D : 让预测团队参加每日Scrum会议 Have the predictive team attend the daily scrum meetings

    正确答案:D 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P54 章节:5.2.4 为每日站会规定时间盒,不超出 15 分钟。团队以某种方式“过一下”看板或任务板,而团队中的任何人都可以主持站会。 每天15分钟的站会能以最短的时间获得一手信息,比信息发射源更及时

    51、 项目需要一名熟练的工程师来执行某个特定任务,但由于工作量大,该工程师不能参与这个项目,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
    The project requires a skilled engineer to perform a specific task, but because of the heavy workload, the engineer could not participate in this project. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :修改进度计划,以适应该资源 Modify the schedule to accommodate this resource

    •  B : 与职能经理谈判该资源的参与 Negotiate with the functional manager about the participation of this resource

    •  C :培训项目团队去执行需要的活动 Train the project team to perform the required activities

    •  D :向发起人请求更多时间去寻找另一名资源执行该任务 Ask the sponsor for more time to find another resource to perform this task

    正确答案:B 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P332 章节:9.3.3.2 谈判:职能经理,确保项目在要求的时限内获得最佳资源,直到完成职责。 执行组织中的其他项目管理团队。 合理分配稀缺或特殊资源。 外部组织和供应商。提供合适的、稀缺的、特殊的、合格的、经认证的或其他特殊的团队或实物资源。 特别需要注意与外部谈判有关的政策、惯例、流程、指南、法律及其他标准。 获取资源,优先谈判

    57、 在项目管理计划获得批准后,项目经理得知该项目的工作环境存在潜在问题,项目经理应该审查哪份文件?
    After the project management plan was approved, the project manager learned that there was a potential problem with the projects work environment. Which document should the project manager review?

    •  A : 项目章程 Project charter

    •  B :质量管理计划 Quality management plan

    •  C :相关方参与计划 Stakeholder management plan

    •  D :组织过程资产 Organizational process assets

    正确答案:A 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.2 假设日志:通常,在项目启动之前编制商业论证时,识别高层级的战略和运营假设条件与制约因素。这些假设条件与制约因素应纳入项目章程。 工作环境的潜在问题属于假设与制约,应该记录在项目章程中

    69、 一个将产品的新模型推向市场的项目正在执行中,当竞争对手提起诉讼,声称该产品侵犯了他们的几项专利时。法院站在竞争对手一边,发布了停止令。项目经理首先应该做什么?
    A project to bring a new model of a product to market is in execution when a competitor files a lawsuit claiming that the product violates several of their patents. The courts have sided with the competitor and issued a cease and desist order. What should the project manager do first?

    •  A : 寻求终止项目的批准 Seek approval to terminate the project

    •  B :寻求替代性的纠纷解决办法 Resort to alternative dispute resolution

    •  C :因法律原因终止项目 Terminate the project for legal cause

    •  D :根据需要更新商业论证 Update the business case as necessary

    正确答案:A 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P128 章节:4.7.3.4 如果项目在完工前提前终止,则需要在正式的收尾文件中说明项目终止的原因,并规定正式程序,把该项目的已完成和未完成的可交付成果移交他人。法院已经是最后的纠纷解决方案了,因此要中止项目。

    71、 你刚被指派负责某项目,该项目正处于项目计划阶段,风险管理团队负责人向你报告已完成风险识别工作,该负责人对项目存在很多风险表示很担心,为了有效地管理项目风险,项目经理下一步的工作将如何开展?
    Recently, you have been assigned to take charge of a project. This project is in the planning phase. The leader of the risk management team reports to you that he has completed risk identification. This leader is very concerned that the project may have a lot of risks. In order to manage the project risks effectively, what should the project manager do next?

    •  A :通过风险分析确定哪些风险最值得管理 To identify which risks are the most worthy of managing by performing risk analysis

    •  B :为已识别的风险编制有效的应对计划 To prepare an effective response plan for identified risks

    •  C : 开展风险分析工作,进一步了解风险 To perform risk analysis, in order to further understand such risks

    •  D :为各项风险指定责任人 To appoint the responsible persons for individual risks

    正确答案:C 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P419 章节:11.3 实施定性风险分析是通过评估单个项目风险发生的概率和影响以及其他特征,对风险进行优先级排序,从而为后续分析或行动提供基础的过程。 识别完风险后要定性分析

    定性风险分析工具:概率影响矩阵  层级图 风险分类 专家判断

    定量风险分析工具:模拟:蒙特卡洛分析
                                     敏感性分析:龙卷风图
                                                           决策树分析
                                                            影响图

    77、 下一次会议之前,一名关键项目发起人需要知道项目的高层级风险和主要需求。该项目发起人希望让项目相关方参与,确保他们的参与程度,并根据当前环境识别主要制约因素。项目经理首先应该为发起人准备哪一项?
    Prior to the next meeting, a critical project’s sponsor needs to know its high-level risks and major requirements. The sponsor wants to involve the stakeholders to ensure their levels of engagement, and to identify the main constraints based on the current environment. What should the project manager prepare first for the sponsor?

    •  A :相关方登记册 Stakeholder register

    •  B :风险分解结构 Risk breakdown structure (RBS)

    •  C :风险管理计划 Risk management plan

    •  D : 相关方参与度评估矩阵 Stakeholders engagement assessment matrix

    正确答案:D 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P521 章节:13.2.2.5 相关方参与度评估矩阵:不了解型。抵制型。中立型。支持型。领导型。 先了解相关方当前的参与程度,再评估期望的参与度。

    82、 在项目执行过程中,项目经理评估客户添加的更多质量检查的请求,由于在初步测试中发现一些缺陷,产品经理对此表示赞同,然而,项目团队却不认为这将有助于实现项目目标,为确保质量,项目经理应该怎么做?
    In the execution of the project, the project manager assessed the customer to add more quality inspection requests. The product manager agreed with the defects found in the preliminary tests. However, the project team did not believe that this would help achieve the project objectives. What should the project manager do to ensure quality?

    •  A :修订过程改进计划 Revise the process improvement plan

    •  B :分析工作绩效信息 Analyze the work performance information

    •  C :使用七种基本质量工具 Use seven basic quality tools

    •  D : 更新质量管理计划 Update the quality management plan

    正确答案:D 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P286 章节:8.1.3.1 质量管理计划包括(但不限于)以下组成部分:项目采用的质量标准;项目的质量目标;质量角色与职责;需要质量审查的项目可交付成果和过程; 质量检查请求的活动在质量管理计划里。

    83、 一名新项目经理与由高级技术人员组成的项目团体工作,在制定项目治理中,新项目经理将有来自高级技术人员的阻力。项目经理下一步该怎么做?
    A new project manager works with a project team comprised of senior technical staff. During the establishment of project governance, the new project manager anticipates that there will be resistance from the senior technical staff. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :为项目团队成员建立角色和职责 Establish roles and responsibilities for the project team members.

    •  B :制定并同意项目人员配备方案 Establish and agree on project staff assignments.

    •  C :制定工作分解结构 Establish a work breakdown structure.

    •  D : 制定并同意团队运行规则 Establish and agree on team operating rules.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:团队价值观;沟通指南;决策标准和过程;冲突处理过程;会议指南;团队共识。 需要有团队的基本规则,来确定团队的纪律、价值观和一致性。

    88、 项目经理正在创建一份文件,正式授权建筑改造项目。装修要求拆除石棉绝缘材料,因为它是一种已知致癌物。这种情况会如何影响目前正在进行的过程?
    A project manager is in the process of creating a document that formally authorizes a building renovation project. The renovation requires the removal of asbestos insulation, which is a known carcinogen. How might this situation influence the process currently underway?

    •  A :应急储备需要分配并记录在文件中 A contingency reserve needs to be assigned and recorded in the document

    •  B :该文件需要包括对已识别的风险的详细的风险应对计划 The document needs to include a detailed risk response plan for this identified risk

    •  C : 该文件需要符合任何适用的政府和行业标准 The document needs to incorporate compliance with any applicable government and industry standards

    •  D :移除石棉的详细时间表应包含在文件中 A detailed timeline for the removal of the asbestos should be included in the document

    正确答案:C 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P78 章节:4.1.1.3 事业环境因素政府或行业标准法律法规要求和制约因素 授权项目的文件指得是项目章程,ABD都不属于启动阶段。

    89、 一家制造公司包办了一个项目,开发公司生产线自动化所需的硬件和软件。可交付成果将使用敏捷框架生成。 什么样的策略可能适合获得产品范围的正式接受?(选择两个)
    A manufacturing company charters a project to develop the hardware and software needed to automate the company's production line. The deliverables will be produced using an agile framework. What strategies might be appropriate to gain formal acceptance of the product scope? (Choose two)

    •  A : 每当开发出足够的特征以形成一个连贯的集合时,就进行演示 Conduct a demonstration whenever enough features have been developed to form a coherent set

    •  B :一旦整个项目范围按照范围管理计划完成,就要执行确认范围过程 Perform the Validate Scope process once the entire project scope is complete in accordance with the scope management plan

    •  C : 团队是否在每次迭代结束时向产品负责人演示完成的用户故事 Have the team demonstrate the completed user stories to the product owner at the end of each iteration

    •  D :要求产品负责人参加每个冲刺的回顾,以审查和批准完成的产品增量 Ask the product owner to attend each sprint retrospective to review and approve the completed product increment

    •  E :确保在初始项目计划期间,产品范围完全分解到工作包级别 Ensure that the product scope is fully decomposed down to the work package level during initial project planning

    正确答案:A,C 你的答案:C,D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P55 章节:5.2.5 展示/评审:当团队以用户故事的形式完成特定功能时,团队会定期展示工作产品。看过展示后,产品负责人接受或拒绝故事。 评审会议,找PO演示,PO来决定接受或拒绝故事

    93、 一个集成硬件和软件的项目正在执行中。硬件需求用详细的WBS定义。然而,软件需求是模糊的,并且经常变更,迫使团队在短反馈循环的情况下逐步开发产品。团队对频繁的变更和它所造成的混乱感到非常沮丧。项目经理应该如何应对?
    A project to integrate hardware and software is in execution. The hardware requirements are well-defined with a detailed WBS. The software requirements, however, are vague and frequently change, forcing the team to develop the product incrementally with short feedback loops. The team is very frustrated by the frequency of changes and the chaos that it creates. How should the project manager respond?

    •  A :无视团队的挫折感,并专注于项目目标 Ignore the team's frustration and focus on the project goals

    •  B : 接受团队的挫折感并表现出积极 Absorb the team's frustrations and demonstrate positivity

    •  C :为软件开发建立严格的变更控制过程 Institute a strict change control process for software development

    •  D :消除短反馈循环,来提高灵活性 Eliminate the short feedback loops to allow more flexibility

    正确答案:B 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用:促进者将帮助每个人各尽所能地思考和工作。促进者鼓励团队参与、理解,并对团队输出共同承担责任。促进者帮助团队创建可接受的解决方案。 在敏捷题目里,看到鼓励、促进、协作,一般都是正确的关键字。

    95、 项目经理要求风险经理开展每月的定量风险分析。风险经理应该提交什么?
    The project manager asks the risk manager to conduct a monthly quantitative risk analysis. What should the risk manager present?

    •  A : 蒙特卡洛累积图 Monte Carlo cumulative char

    •  B :风险重新评估 Risk reassessment

    •  C :概率和影响矩阵 Probability and impact matrix

    •  D :根据概率和影响等级来识别风险 Identified risks with probability and impact ratings

    正确答案:A 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P433 章节:11.4.2.5 模拟:在定量风险分析中,使用模型来模拟单个项目风险和其他不确定性来源的综合影响,以评估它们对项目目标的潜在影响。模拟通常采用蒙特卡洛分析。 蒙特卡洛分析是其他定量分析工具的基础

    104、 一个项目需要在技术部门之间进行详细信息交流,项目团队位于不同位置。一些团队成员对提议的沟通系统没有经验。项目经理应该使用什么来解决这个问题?
    A project requiring detailed information exchanges among technical departments has teams situated in different locations. Some team members are inexperienced with the proposed communication system. What should the project manager use to address this?

    •  A :沟通管理计划 Communications management plan

    •  B :沟通技能 Communication skills

    •  C :项目沟通渠道 Project communication channels

    •  D : 沟通技术 Communication technology

    正确答案:D 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P340 章节:9.4.2.3 沟通技术:在解决集中办公或虚拟团队的团队建设问题方面,沟通技术至关重要。它有助于为集中办公团队营造一个融洽的环境,促进虚拟团队(尤其是团队成员分散在不同时区的团队)更好地相互理解。 注意区分沟通技术、沟通技能、沟通方法的区别

     

    114、 一个项目分多个阶段执行。项目团队完成了第一阶段的可交付成果。第一阶段的可交付成果已经过完整性确认。目前正在执行下列哪一项项目过程?
    A project is executed in multiple phases. The project team completed their first phase of deliverables. The first phase’s deliverables are validated for completeness. Which project process is being performed?

    •  A : 确认范围过程 Validate scope

    •  B :管理质量过程 Perform quality assurance

    •  C :控制范围过程 Control scope

    •  D :控制质量过程 Control Quality

    正确答案:A 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P163 章节:5.5 确认范围是正式验收已完成的项目可交付成果的过程。本过程的主要作用是,使验收过程具有客观性;同时通过确认每个可交付成果,来提高最终产品、服务或成果获得验收的可能性。 完整性,相当于确认每一个可交付成果。

    115、 一位新的开发人员在项目执行过程中加入了一个敏捷团队。在参观工作区域的过程中,Scrum主管简要概述了团队使用的敏捷实践,并将新开发人员介绍给团队成员。在这种情况下,Scrum主管下一步最合逻辑的步骤是什么?
    A new developer has joined an agile team in the middle of project execution. During the tour of the work area, the scrum master gives a brief overview of the agile practices used by the team and introduces the new developer to the team members. What would be the next most logical step for the scrum master to take in this situation?

    •  A :召开项目启动会议来介绍新开发人员 Set up a project kick-off meeting to introduce the new developer

    •  B : 让团队成员向新开发人员介绍项目 Let the team members introduce the project to the new developer

    •  C :为新开发人员分配一个易于完成的用户故事 Assign the new developer a user story that can be easily accomplished

    •  D :让新开发人员阅读团队基本规则和过程 Ask the new developer to read the team's ground rules and processes

    正确答案:B 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P153 章节:术语表 它是一种跨职能团队,其中为实现团队目标团队成员根据需要轮换着发挥领导作用。 自组织团队,让团队成员去讲解。D,基本规则最好非正式会议和他讲。

    117、 项目接近完工,团队成员向项目经理报告一个会影响到重要期限的问题,每周状态报告将在第二天发送主要相关方,项目经理下一步该怎么做?
    When the project is nearing completion, the team members report to the project manager a problem that will affect the critical period, and the weekly status report will send the key stakeholders the next day, and what should the project manager do next?

    •  A :更新问题日志,通知发起人并使用问题升级流程,向相关方报告可能延迟 Update the problem log, notify the initiator and use the problem escalation process to report possible delays to relevant parties

    •  B :在下一次状态周报告中通知相关方,与他们讨论可能的解决方案,并请求预算和进度延期 Notify stakeholders in the next status week report about possible solutions and request budget and schedule delays

    •  C :核实这个问题是否包含在风险计划中,如不在,则应该将其包含在内,并编制风险减轻计划 Verify that the issue is included in the risk plan and, if not, include it and prepare a risk mitigation plan

    •  D : 更新问题日志,将可以帮助解决问题的所有人员包含在内,并与相关方就此问题进行沟通 Update the issue log, include all people who can help solve the problem, and communicate with relevant parties on this issue

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P96 章节:4.3.3.3 问题日志可以帮助项目经理有效跟进和管理问题,确保它们得到调查和解决。作为本过程的输出,问题日志被首次创建,尽管在项目期间任何时候都可能发生问题。在整个项目生命周期应该随同监控活动更新问题日志。 问题日志可以帮助项目经理跟进和管理问题,确保它们得到调查和解决。

    124、 你的公司被一位客户承包来进行一个软件开发项目。项目将使用敏捷方法来交付产品增量。然而,对于客户来说,该项目将是他们第一次体验敏捷。你想要确保客户端获得软件早期和持续交付的全部好处。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
    Your company has been contracted by a client for a software development project. The project will use agile methods to deliver product increments. For the client, however, this project will be their first experience with agile. You want to make sure that the client gains the full benefit of early and continuous delivery of software. What is your best course of action?

    •  A :制定变更管理计划来应对不可避免的变更 Develop a change management plan to address the inevitable changes

    •  B :请求客户参与产品测试以加快交付速度 Request the client to take part in product testing to speed up delivery

    •  C : 在项目可交付成果的时间安排上获得与客户的一致 Gain alignment with the client on the timing of project deliverables

    •  D :指导项目团队在单个版本中开发所有功能 Instruct the project team to develop all features in a single release

    正确答案:C 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P55 章节:5.2.5 展示/评审:使项目敏捷的一个基本要素是频繁地交付工作产品。一个没有展示或发布的团队,其学习的速度不会快,并且很可能并未采用敏捷技术。团队可能需要额外的引导来保证频繁的交付。 使用项目敏捷的一个基本要素是频繁地交付工作产品。

    125、 一名团队成员正在创建工作分解结构(WBS),但不清楚项目的主要目标和制约因素。下列哪一项将帮助团队成员澄清这个问题?
    A team member is creating the work breakdown structure (WBS), but the main goals and constraints of the project remain unclear.Which of the following will help team members clarify this issue?

    •  A :会议纪要 Meeting Minutes

    •  B : 项目章程 Project Charter

    •  C :工作说明书(SOW) Statement of Work (SOW)

    •  D :项目管理计划 Project Management Plan

    正确答案:B 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.1 项目章程是由项目启动者或发起人发布的,正式批准项目成立,并授权项目经理使用组织资源开展项目活动的文件。它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息 项目目标在项目章程里。

    137、 你所在的公司主要生产方便面。你们的产品一直很受消费者的欢迎,更没有出现任何与食品安全有关的质量问题。但是,最近一个月,你们已经接到三次关于质量问题的消费者投诉,说是在食用方便面之后发生腹泻。被消费者投诉的产品,是一种新型的产品,其中有一种新的调味品。它是通过一条专门的作业线添加的。公司高级管理层任命你领导一个团队来调查所发生的问题。你和你的团队决定使用以下哪一种技术?
    The main product line of your company is instant noodles. Your products have been very popular among consumers, no quality issues concerning food safety occurred. But you have received three consumer complaints about quality issues in the last month, claiming diarrhea after eating your instant noodles. The product complained by consumers is a new product type, including a new seasoning. It is added on a dedicated production line. The senior management of the company appoints you as a team leader to look into the issues that occurred. Which of the following techniques do you and your team decide to use?

    •  A :实验设计 Experiment design

    •  B :控制图 Control diagram

    •  C : 流程图 Flow diagram

    •  D :帕累托图 Pareto chart

    正确答案:C 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 流程图见 8.1.2.5 节。流程图展示了引发缺陷的一系列步骤。 流程图通过展示引发缺陷的步骤来帮助分析问题

    发现问题:控制图(七点规则等)、趋势图 
                    寻找原因:因果图、流程图 
                    分析原因:帕累托图、散点图、直方图、检查表/计数单 
                     收集需求:亲和图

    142、 一个优化项目的项目经理认为范围管理计划已完成,他已经制定并准备最终确定工作分解结构(WBS)。一位关键相关方识别到一项他认为被忽视并且应纳入范围的新需求。如果不解决这个问题,项目将失败。项目经理应该做什么?
    The project manager of an optimization project believes that the scope management plan has been completed, and he has developed and is preparing to finalize the work breakdown structure (WBS). A key stakeholder identified a new requirement that he believed was ignored and should be included in the scope. If this problem is not resolved, the project will fail. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :咨询变更控制委员会(CCB) Advisory Change Control Board (CCB)

    •  B : 将需求纳入项目中 Incorporate requirements into the project

    •  C :将该问题升级上报给项目发起人决策 Escalate the issue to the project sponsor for decision

    •  D :评估有关时间、成本以及预算的需求 Assess needs regarding time, cost, and budget

    正确答案:B 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P115 章节:4.6 在基准确定之前,变更无需正式受控于实施整体变更控制过程。 基准还没确定,重要的需求可以直接考虑纳入

    145、 已经决定使用瀑布管理项目。然而,由于需求不明确,软件将在短时间内使用Scrum进行开发。在从组织内部获得团队之后,项目经理意识到组织在几个关键领域缺乏技术专长,将需要从供应商获得外部资源。然而,本组织希望保留其对所进行工作的战略酌处权。对于项目经理来说,为了最大限度地与供应商协作,最好的承包技术是什么?
    It has been decided that the project will be managed using waterfall. However, due to ambiguous requirements, the software will be developed in short iterations using Scrum. After acquiring a team from within the organization, the project manager realizes that the organization lacks technical expertise in several key areas and will require external resources from a vendor. The organization, however, wants to preserve its strategic discretion on the work performed. What is the best contracting technique for the project manager to use to maximize collaboration with the vendor?

    •  A : 团队扩充 Team augmentation

    •  B :提前取消选项 Early cancellation option

    •  C :固定价格增量 Fixed-price increments

    •  D :时间和材料限制 Not-to-exceed time and materials

    正确答案:A 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P77-78 章节:6.3 团队扩充大多数协作合同方法是将供应商服务直接嵌入客户组织中。通过资助团队而不是特定范围,可以保留客户自行确定需要完成工作这方面策略的权力。 需要区分项目经理与PMO的角色差异

    146、 项目经理注意到有一个部门完成每个项目活动花费的时间都比计划长。到目前为止,这些活动/工作包都不在关键路径上,也没有影响到已经发生的关键链计划编制。项目经理担心关键链会出问题,因为接下来的5个关键路径活动中有4个要由该部门完成。项目经理打了3个电话,最后总算能和部门经理说上话了,项目经理想知道发生了什么。对话进行得很慢,因为两个人说的是不一样的母语,他们试着用法语—共同语言—讲话。为了使谈话更容易,项目经理总是让部门经理再说一遍。部门经理说,他的下属遵照一项公司政策,该政策要求2级测试。谈话中,部门经理还作出一些评论,这让项目经理相信该政策会增加工作量。这已经是该项目经理第4次听到这样的评论了。他该怎么办?
    The project manager notices that project activities being completed by one department are all taking slightly longer than planned. To date, none of the Activities/work packages have been on the critical path, nor have they affected the critical chain planning that has occurred. The project manager is bothered by the critical chain problem, since four of the next five critical path activities are being completed by this department. After making three calls, the project manager is finally able to converse with the department manager to determine what is going on. The conversation is slow, because both speak different native languages and they are trying to converse in French, a shared language. To make communication easier, the project manager frequently asks the department manager to repeat back what has been said. The department manager communicates that his staff is following a company policy that requires two levels of testing. During the conversation, the department manager also makes a comment that leads the project manager to believe that the policy may include excessive work. This is the fourth time the project manager has heard such a comment. What is the BEST thing to do?

    •  A :编制更好的沟通管理计划,要求该项目使用一种语言,并安排翻译随时候命 Create a better communications management plan that requires only one language to be the universal language on the project and have translators readily available on a moments notice.

    •  B :联系部门中其他的能更流利的说项目经理母语的成员,来确认部门经理的意见 Contact someone else in the department who speaks the project managers native language better to confirm the department managers opinion.

    •  C :确认接下来的活动是否要重新估算 Find out if the upcoming activities should be re-estimated.

    •  D : 通过不断的改进存在问题的政策,提高执行机构的效率 Work on increasing the effectiveness of the performing organization by recommending continuous improvement of the policy in question.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P292 章节:8.2.2.2 过程分析可以识别过程改进机会,同时检查在过程期间遇到的问题、制约因素,以及非增值活动。 排除法政策效率低下会导致很多非增值活动,需要进行过程改进。

    147、 一旦项目移交给运营团队,项目经理下一步应该做什么?
    Once a project is handed over to operation.What should a project manager do next?

    •  A :归档所有项目文件,并向相关方提供访问权限 Archive all project documents,and provide access to stakeholders

    •  B :进行绩效评估,并释放项目资源 Conduct a performance review,and release project resources

    •  C :将经验教训登记册提交给相关方 Submit the lessons learned register to stakeholders

    •  D : 将相关方的反馈加入经验教训库 Incorporate stakeholder feedback into the lessons learned repository

    正确答案:D 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P121 章节:4.7 收尾流程:已经移交,接下来测量相关方的满意,完成经验教训总结。 测量相关方的满意度。 

    收尾工作的四个步骤:验收,移交,总结和释放

    156、 项目工期为五个月。项目最初费用拨款总额为30.000美元,目前项目处于第三个月。项目前两个月的总支出为12,500美元。项目完工部分超前于进度符合预算。项目的成本差异是多少?
    The duration of a project is five months. The total cost initially allocated was US$30,000. The project is in the third month, The total expenditure in the project for the first two months is us$12,500. The project is ahead of schedule and on budget for work completed. What is the cost variance of the project?

    •  A :大于零 Greater than zero

    •  B :小于零 Less than zero

    •  C : 零 Zero

    •  D :一 One

    正确答案:C 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 挣值分析进度绩效指数(SPI)是测量进度效率的一种指标,表示为挣值与计划价值之比,反映了项目团队完成工作的效率。当 SPI 小于 1.0 时,说明已完成的工作量未达到计划要求;当 SPI 大于 1.0 时,则说明已完成的工作量超过计划。 符合预算,说明CV=0

    157、 传统管理的项目使用Scrum来开发项目可交付成果。敏捷发布规划要求将最近完成的MVP部署到生产中。然而,质量保证(QA)部门拒绝了MVP,声称部门的政策和程序没有处理中期可交付成果的实施。将问题记录在障碍板上后,项目经理接下来应该做什么?
    A traditionally managed project is using Scrum to develop the project deliverables. The agile release plan calls for the recently completed MVP to be deployed into production. However, the quality assurance (QA) department rejects the MVP stating that the department's policies and procedures do not address the implementation of interim deliverables. After recording the issue on the impediment board, what should the project manager do next?

    •  A :提交变更请求以更新质量控制测量结果 Submit a change request to update the quality control measurements

    •  B : 请求项目发起人帮助获得必要的批准 Request the project sponsor's help with obtaining the necessary approvals

    •  C :无视QA部门的意见,并按计划发布MVP Ignore the QA department's opinion and release the MVP as scheduled

    •  D :使项目团队在部署前交付功能完整的产品 Ask the project team to deliver a feature-complete product before deployment

    正确答案:B 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P74 章节:6.1.2 变革就绪情况:积极明确的管理层支持;变革管理实践,包括沟通和引导;逐个项目应用敏捷实践向团队增量地引入敏捷实践;以及通过采取适用的敏捷技术和实践示范引导。 需要领导明确支持敏捷实践的变革。

    160、 在项目执行阶段,项目经理意识到项目相关方一直延迟答复敏感性电子邮件。项目经理应该怎么做?
    During a project’s execution phase, the project manager realizes that a stakeholder is consistently late in responding to sensitive emails. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :将其作为一个沟通问题记录在风险登记册中。 Log it in the risk register as a communication issue.

    •  B : 参阅监督沟通过程,获得替代沟通方式。 Refer to the Control Communications process for an alternative form of communication.

    •  C :修订沟通管理计划中使用的沟通渠道。 Revise the communication channel being used in the communications management plan.

    •  D :请求项目发起人解决该项目相关方的问题。 Ask the project sponsor to address the issue with the stakeholder.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P389 章节:10.3 监督沟通:项目沟通的影响和结果应该接受认真的评估和监督,以确保在正确的时间,通过正确的渠道,将正确的内容(发送方和接收方对其理解一致)传递给正确的受众 相关方延迟回复敏感邮件,说明邮件不是对敏感信息更好的沟通方式。先B再C

    162、 在团队会议期间,项目经理不能保持项目团队的注意力,团队成员不断查看电子邮件,并讨论不相关的话题,发生这种问题的原因是什么?
    During team meetings, the project manager cannot maintain the project team’s attention. Team members constantly check emails and discuss unrelated topics. What is the cause of this issue?

    •  A :项目经理没有准备会议议程 The project manager does not have a meeting agenda

    •  B : 项目经理没有沟通团队原则 The project manager has not communicated the ground rules

    •  C :项目经理处于一个弱矩阵型组织 The project manager is in a weak matrix organization

    •  D :项目经理的领导力不足 The project manager has inadequate leadership skills

    正确答案:B 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:团队价值观;沟通指南;决策标准和过程;冲突处理过程;会议指南;团队共识。 需要有团队的基本规则,来确定团队的纪律、价值观和一致性。

    166、 一个没有敏捷方法经验的组织雇佣了一个敏捷教练来领导一个项目。该项目将使用看板开发项目可交付成果。下列哪项培训活动对项目的成功至关重要?(选择三个)(选择三个)
    A scrum master has been hired to lead a project  for an organization that has no prior experience with agile methodologies. The project will use Scrumban for the development of project deliverables.Which of the following training activities will be critical for the success of the project? (Choose three)

    •  A : 与整个项目团队一起举办关于敏捷思维和原则的敏捷研讨会 Conducting an agile workshop on the agile mindset and principles with the entire project team

    •  B :教授开发团队如何根据业务价值对项目待办事项排序 Teaching the development team how to prioritize the project backlog according to business value

    •  C : 向开发团队解释工作将如何通过看板,以及如何遵守在制品限制 Explaining to the development team how the work will flow through the Kanban board and how to follow WIP limits

    •  D : 确保产品负责人清楚地了解如何培养待定项 Ensuring that the product owner has a clear understanding of how to groom the backlog

    •  E :对产品负责人进行日常scrum会议的最佳实践培训 Training the product owner on best practices for facilitating the daily scrum meetings

    •  F :指导项目团队如何确保严格的变更控制过程的实施 Instructing the project team on how to ensure the implementation of a rigid change control process

    正确答案:A,C,D 你的答案:B,C,D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P82 章节:6.6.3 通过培训和指导发展人才 B应该PO来做E是整个团队而非单纯POF错误

    173、 在酒店建设项目的执行过程中,负责实施特定风险应对策略的人已经离开了执行组织,项目经理已经确定了一个新相关方来承担这些责任。更新相关方登记册后,项目经理接下来应该做什么?
    During execution of a hotel construction project, the person responsible for implementing a particular risk response strategy has left the performing organization, and the project manager has identified a new stakeholder to assume those responsibilities. After updating the stakeholder register, what should the project manager do next?

    •  A :更新风险管理计划 Update the risk management plan

    •  B : 修订风险登记册 Revise the risk register

    •  C :向PMO通知新的相关方 Notify the PMO of the new stakeholder

    •  D :执行实施定性风险分析过程 Execute the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process

    正确答案:B 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P427 章节:11.3.3.1 风险登记册:每项单个项目风险的概率和影响评估优先级别或风险分值指定风险责任人风险紧迫性信息或风险类别低优先级风险的观察清单 风险登记册中记录了风险责任人。

    174、 因为完成可交付成果1和2需要额外的资源技能,I 期的实际成本为 55,000 美元。项目的可交付成果和质量是不可协商的。在 II 期开始前,项目经理应该怎么做?
    The actual cost of phase I is US$55,000, because additional resource skill sets were required to complete both deliverables I and 2. The deliverables and quality of the project are nonnegotiable. Before the opening of phase II occurs, what should the project manager do?
     

    •  A :确保具有批准增加 20,000 美元预算的变更管理文件。 Ensure there is a change management document approving the additional US$20.000 to the budget

    •  B : 验证 II 期资源需求的项目计划。 Validate the project plan for phase it’s resource requirements

    •  C :确定如何从 II 期或 III 期削减 20,000 美元。 Determine how US$20,000 will be cut from phase II phase III

    •  D :确定相关方应重新考虑 II 期或 III 期的哪些可交付成果。 Determine which deliverables from phase II of phase 3 the stakeholders should reconsider

    正确答案:B 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 2期需要产生1期的可交付成果,因此需要验证2期的资源

     

                                            正确题目巩固

    1、 收到新项目的客户请求之后,项目经理首先应该做什么?
    What should a project manager do first after receiving a customer request for a new project?

    •  A :寻求项目发起人批准。 Seek project sponsor approval.

    •  B : 准备商业论证。 Prepare the business case.

    •  C :组织项目启动大会 。Organize a kick-off meeting.

    •  D :获得专家判断。 Obtain expert judgment.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P77 章节:4.1.1.1 商业论证:经批准的商业论证或类似文件是最常用于制定项目章程的商业文件。商业论证从商业视角描述必要的信息,并且据此决定项目的期望结果是否值得所需投资。 商业论证包括:商业需求、成本效益分析。

    2、 在遭受含糊不清和变更的各种因素影响的环境中。敏捷项目经理应该做什么来跟踪工件?(选择两项)
    In an environment subject to various elements of ambiguity and change. what should an agile project manager do to keep track of artifacts? (Choose two)

    •  A : 以透明方式频繁且快速地更新工件。 Update the artifacts frequently and quickly in a transparent fashion.

    •  B :定义要在项目管理计划中使用的技术。 Define which technology to use in the project management plan.

    •  C :定义要在沟通管理计划中使用的技术。 Define which technology to use in the communications management plan.

    •  D :使用先前项目中的历史信息作为模板。 Use historical information from previous projects as a template.

    •  E : 增加对社交沟通工具的使用。 Increase the use of social Social communication tools tools.

    正确答案:A,E 你的答案:A,E

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P364-P365 章节:1.4.4 沟通管理的发展趋势和新兴实践:社交工具的使用日益增多在敏捷或适应环境中需要考虑的因素频繁和快速的沟通,以透明的方式发布项目工件 使用沟通技术、透明化的沟通方式是在敏捷中建议的方式。

    3、 一位之前未被识别到的相关方报告说,他们的职能领域受到很大影响,但没有持续通知他们关键项目的状态,项目经理首先应该做什么?
    A stakeholder who failed to identify the issue previously reports that their functional areas are greatly affected, but does not keep them informed of the status of key projects. What should the project manager do in the first place?

    •  A :审查项目的沟通方法 To examine the means of communication regarding this project

    •  B : 检查并更新相关方登记册 To check and update the register of stakeholders

    •  C :立即和该相关方开会确认 To immediately hold a meeting with such stakeholder for confirmation

    •  D :审查并更新沟通管理计划 To examine and update the communication management plan

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别相关方的迭代性:项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段;当前相关方不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的相关方社区中出现了新的相关方成员;组织内部或更大区域的相关方社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别相关方,并更新相关方登记册

    4、 项目负责人反复抱怨,称开发团队开发的功能似乎与原始设计不一致。什么做法有助于解决这个问题?
    A project owner repeatedly complains, saying that a function developed by the development team does not seem to align with the original design. What will help to solve this issue?

    •  A :让产品负责人参加下一次迭代审查会议,以了解产品的开发状态。 Ask the product owner to sit in on the next iteration review meeting to learn more about the development status for the product.

    •  B :要求质量保证团队识别与初始设计相比较的任何功能不匹配。 Ask the quality assurance team to identify any mismatches in functionality compared to the initial design.

    •  C :要求开发团队重写功能,使其与项目范围相匹配。 Ask the development team to rewrite the function so that it matches with the project scope.

    •  D : 在下一次回顾会议中安排时间讨论所有的纠正措施,并要求项目负责人参加会议。 Schedule time during the next retrospective session to discuss all corrective actions and ask the project owner to participate in the session.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 回顾会用于识别改进。A,PO本来就全程参与B,功能问题非质量问题C,需要与整个团队确认

    5、 一个团队决定敏捷方法是否适合他们项目下一阶段的需求。不利的是,有些团队成员没有接受过适当的敏捷培训。项目经理应该如何应对敏捷培训的缺乏?
    A team decides that an agile approach fits the needs of the next phase in their project. Unfortunately, there are team members who have not had the appropriate agile training. How should the project manager respond to the lack of agile training?

    •  A :在变更请求中包含对这些团队成员的敏捷培训。 Include agile training for these team members in a change request.

    •  B :确保项目应急储备可以覆盖所有团队成员的敏捷培训 Ensure the projects contingency reserve can cover agile training for all team members.

    •  C :为关键团队成员创建虚拟培训课程,涵盖主要敏捷课题。 Create virtual training sessions for key team members, covering the main agile topics.

    •  D : 为团队成员确定并实施最具成本效益的敏捷培训 Identify and implement the most cost-effective agile training for the team members.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P34 章节:4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责:对相关技能有更多接触、或者接受过相关培训的仆人式领导可以通过提供培训或开展这些活动来为团队提供支持。 AB为预测项目的方法C培训以当面形式更好一些

    6、 你正在处理一个为某位客户开发产品的项目。你已经决定采用敏捷开发方法论。你注意到,客户并不有意参与项目,因为他们认为,一旦已与你签下订单,你的团队应该在商定的时间和成本内交付产品。在这种情况下,最好的方法是什么?
    You are handling a project to develop a product for one of your clients. You have decided on Agile methodology for development. You notice that the client is not very involved in the project because they believe that once the order has been placed with you, your team should deliver the product within the time and cost agreed on. What would be the best approach in this scenario?

    •  A :在项目的开始签署 Take a sign-off at the beginning of the project

    •  B : 与产品负责人合作,并进行冲刺审查 Engage product owner and conduct sprint reviews

    •  C :等待客户提供反馈 Wait for the client to give you feedback

    •  D :基于类似的项目做出决定 Make a decision based on similar projects

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner:创建待办列表并排序、确认工作优先顺序、提供反馈、指导开发方向 在Scrum中,一切对客户的沟通为PO。

    7、 你被指派领导一个敏捷项目。然而,当你第一次与你的团队见面时,你意识到由于公司强加的各种各样的限制,大多数的团队成员不可能100%致力于项目。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
    You have been assigned to lead an agile project. However, when you meet with your team for the first time, you realize that due to various company's imposed constraints, most of the team members would not be able to be 100% dedicated to the project. What is your best course of action?

    •  A :将开发方法从敏捷切换到Scrum Switch the development approach from agile to scrum

    •  B :将迭代时间从两周增加到四周 Increase iteration length from two to four weeks

    •  C :向加班的团队成员提供奖励 Offer rewards to the team members to work overtime

    •  D : 根据个人能力调整任务 Adjust assignments based on individual capacity

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P44 章节:4.3.5 专职小组成员:任务切换时,人员工作效率的损失在 20% 到 40% 之间。随着任务数量的增加,效率损失会呈指数级增长。团队通过使用协作工具来跟踪和监督他们的工作进度,并根据个人的能力来调整工作分配。 敏捷倡导专职,若实在无法专职,则需要根据团队能力自行安排调整任务

    8、 项目已完成60%,此时一名项目相关方建议增加一个新事项,提高项目效益,为此,需要额外的资金。 项目经理应该怎么做?
    The project has been completed 60%.At this point,a project stakeholder suggests adding a new item to improve the project efficiency. Therefore ,additional funds are required. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :包含该新事项 To include this new item

    •  B : 请求变更控制委员会(CCB)的批准 To request for approval of the Change Control Board (CCB)

    •  C :更新成本管理计划,反映额外的资金 To update the cost control plan to reflect additional funds

    •  D :拒绝该请求 To reject the request

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB 审批前,三步骤提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

    11、 由于员工缺乏培训和适当的生产控制,生产过程中发现了错误需要返工解决。返工成本为$250,000。其中员工负有责任的成本为
    Due to a lack of an employee training and proper production control, defects in a production run caused rework which cost the company $250,000. How much of this cost is directly attributable to the employees on the production line?

    •  A :$75,000 $75,000

    •  B : $37,500 $37,500

    •  C :$212,500 $212,500

    •  D :$145,000 $145,000

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P275 章节:8 项目质量管理的新兴实践:管理者的责任,项目的成功需要项目团队全体成员的参与。管理层在其质量职责内,肩负着为项目提供具有足够能力的资源的相应责任。 质量常识管理层对85%的质量费用负责任

    12、 客户对交付的产品不满意,称其并不符合他们的期望。项目经理很惊讶,因为敏捷开发团队提前几个迭代交付了产品。项目经理有什么方法可以避免这种结果?
    A customer is not satisfied with the delivered product, saying that it was not what they expected. The project manager is surprised, because the agile development team delivered the product several iterations early. What is one way that the project manager could have avoided this result?

    •  A :要求团队对需求的每一个持续的变更签字 Required team sign off for each of the constant changes to the requirements

    •  B :在做出变更之后,为产品测试留出更多资源 Set aside more resources for product testing after changes are made

    •  C : 确保客户意识到演示的价值 Made sure that the customer was aware of the value of demos

    •  D :确保团队充分参与开发项目范围 Ensured that the team fully participated in developing the project scope

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P57 章节:5.2.8 交付的第一部分是一次演示。团队会收到关于产品的外观和运行方式的反馈。团队成员回顾如何检查和调整有关过程以取得成功。演示或评审是敏捷项目流程的必要组成部分。为团队的交付节奏安排适当的演示。 演示或评审是必要组成部分。演示与反馈要频繁进行

    14、 你被要求向公司内部与在项目外部的部门提供项目活动和过程的信息。这群人将信息与组织和项目的政策、过程和程序进行比较,并确定所使用的良好和最佳的做法,以及项目活动和过程中的不一致、差距和缺点。该外部团队正在使用什么工具或技术?
    You have been requested to provide information on your project’s activities and processes to a unit within your company but external to the project. This group of individuals will compare the information to organizational and project policies, processes and procedures and identify good and best practices being used as well as nonconformity, gaps, and shortcomings within project activities and processes. What tool or technique is being conducted by the external team?

    •  A : 审计 Audits

    •  B :统计抽样 Statistical sampling

    •  C :数据分析 Data analysis

    •  D :解决问题 Problem solving

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P294 章节:8.2.2.5 审计是用于确定项目活动是否遵循了组织和项目的政策、过程与程序的一种结构化且独立的过程。质量审计通常由项目外部的团队开展,如组织内部审计部门、项目管理办公室 (PMO) 或组织外部的审计师。 题干描述地所有内容都是审计做的事情。

    15、 项目完成后,项目经理发现一些团队成员仍在从事项目活动。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该先做什么?
    After the project is completed, the project manager finds that some team members are still engaged in project activities. To avoid this problem, what should the project manager do first?

    •  A :制定有效的经验教训收集步骤 To develop effective steps of collecting lessons learned

    •  B : 对项目进行收尾 To close the project

    •  C :结束采购 To finish the procurement process

    •  D :制定有效的风险应对策略 To develop an effective risk response strategy

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.2 项目交付的产品、服务或成果可转交给另一团队或组织,并由其在整个生命周期中进行运营、维护和支持。本输出所指的正是把项目交付的最终产品、服务或成果(对于阶段收尾,则是所在阶段的中间产品、服务或成果)从一个团队转交到另一个团队。 完成项目,要把项目移交出去。

    17、 在项目启动大会期间,人力资源经理沟通说,在提供详细的项目进度计划之前将不会提供资源。若要获得资源,项目经理应该怎么做?
    During a project kick-off meeting, the human resource manager communicates that resources will not be provided until a detailed project schedule is available. What should the project manager do to obtain resources?

    •  A : 将该问题上报给项目发起人。 Escalate the issue to the sponsor.

    •  B :提交工作说明书(SOW)。 Present the statement of work (SOW).

    •  C :创建一份详细的活动清单。 Create a detailed activity list.

    •  D :参见责任分配矩阵(RAM)。 Refer to the responsibility assignment matrix (RAM).

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P329 章节:9.3 不能获得项目所需的资源时,可能会影响项目进度、预算、客户满意度、质量和风险;资源或人员能力不足会降低项目成功的概率,最坏的情况可能导致项目取消。 资源经理明显对项目渐进明细的特点不了解,需要发起人介入处理

    18、 在与项目团队成员的非正式谈话中,项目经理发现某个关键部分的供应商在执行一个已获批准的产品变更时有问题。项目经理接下来应执行下列哪一项?
    In informal conversations with project team members, the project manager found that a key part of the vendor was having problems executing an approved product change. Which of the following should the project manager do next?

    •  A :实施对供应商的质量审计 Implement quality audits for suppliers

    •  B :安排一次变更控制会议 Schedule a Change Control meeting

    •  C : 审查供应商的工作绩效 Review suppliers work performance

    •  D :与供应商的高级经理谈话 Talk to the senior manager of the Supplier

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P498 章节:12.3.2.3 绩效审查对照协议,对质量、资源、进度和成本绩效进行测量、比较和分析,以审查合同工作的绩效。其中包括确定工作包提前或落后于进度计划、超出或低于预算,以及是否存在资源或质量问题。 项目经理的采购绩效审查是对供应商的合同绩效进行管理的重要工具。

    19、 一位新项目经理加入项目每日站会,却发现项目团队花了太多时间讨论如何处理项目中的障碍。因为这些讨论,站会通常会持续两个多小时。应该用什么过程来处理这个问题?
    A new Project Manager joins the projects daily standups only to find that the project team spends too much time discussing ways to deal with obstructions in the project. Because of these discussions, standups often last well over two hours. What process should be used to deal with this issue?

    •  A :让团队成员邀请他们的经理参加站会,以便更快地找到解决方案。 Ask team members to invite their managers to standup sessions in order to find solutions more quickly

    •  B :向团队成员解释,长时间的讨论占用项目实际工作的时间 Explain to team members that long discussions take time away from actual work on the project

    •  C :加入新的团队成员,他将负责管理障碍并安排额外的会议来讨论可能的解决方案 Insert a new team member who will manage obstacles and schedule additional meetings to discuss possible solutions

    •  D : 告诉团队成员,他们需要缩短站会时间并改进寻找解决方案的工作 Tell the team members that they are required to shorten the standup meetings and improve on finding solutions

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P54 章节:5.2.4 为每日站会规定时间盒,不超出 15 分钟。站会是为了发现存在问题,而不是解决它们。将问题添加到停车场区,然后创建另一次会议,它可以在站会之后立即召开,并在会上解决问题。 每日站会不解决问题。

    20、 在项目评审会上,项目经理发现一个项目团队不能解决的问题。项目经理应该怎么做?
    During a project review meeting, the project finds an issue that cannot resolved by the project team. What should the project manager do?

    •  A : 更新问题日志。 Update the problem log.

    •  B :提交变更请求。 Submit a change request.

    •  C :更新相关方管理计划。 Update related party management plan.

    •  D :请求额外的资源。 Request additional resources.

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P96 章节:4.3.3.3 问题日志可以帮助项目经理有效跟进和管理问题,确保它们得到调查和解决。作为本过程的输出,问题日志被首次创建,尽管在项目期间任何时候都可能发生问题。在整个项目生命周期应该随同监控活动更新问题日志 开会发现问题,先记录下来,下面再解决。

    21、 进行自制或外购分析后,项目经理将已经包含工作分解结构(WBS)中的内容进行外包,项目经理应该采取下列哪一项措施?
    After a make-or-buy analysis, the project manager decided to outsource the deliverables that included in the work breakdown structure (WBS). Which of the following should the project manager do next?

    •  A :将需要外包的可交付成果从WBS中移除 Remove deliverables from the WBS that will be outsourced

    •  B : 将需要外包的可交付成果保留在 WBS 中 Maintain in the WBS the deliverables that will be outsourced

    •  C :创建另一个 WBS,仅包含将需要外包的可交付成果 Create another WBS includes only the deliverables that will be outsourced

    •  D :等到选定外包供应商后才对 WBS 进行更改 Don’t change anything of the WBS until the outsourcing provider is selected

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P161 章节:5.4.2.2 WBS  包含了全部的产品和项目工作,包括项目管理工作。通过把 WBS  底层的所有工作逐层向上汇总,来确保既没有遗漏的工作,也没有多余的工作。这有时被称为 100% 规则。 100%原则,因此工作包即使外包,也不能删除。

    22、 项目经理向项目发起人提供增加一个新功能所需的预计活动费用。项目经理参考 WBS 和历史数据后,预计这项活动实际上需要 20 天,在最坏情况下的需要 32 天,在最好情况下需要 14 天。如果每天的费用为$140 元,则增加这项新功能的预计费用是多少?
    The project manager provides the project sponsor with an expected activity cost for adding a new feature. The project manager refers to the WBS and historical data, and estimates that the activity requires 20 days realistically,32days in worst case scenario and 14days in a best case scenario. If the cost per day is $140, what is the expected cost to add the new feature?

    •  A :$2,520$2,520

    •  B : $2,940$2,940

    •  C :$3,080$3,080

    •  D :$3,640$3,640

    正确答案:B 你的答案:A(真不知道这个A自己怎么算出来的。。。)

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P244 章节:7.2.2.5 三点估算通过考虑估算中的不确定性与风险,使用三种估算值来界定活动成本的近似区间,可以提高单点成本估算的准确性贝塔分布cE = (cO + 4 cM + cP ) / 6 140*(14+20*4+32)/6=2940

    23、 在具挑战性的股东会议期间,客户表明他们将拒绝迭代的可交付成果。项目经理应该做什么?
    During a challenging shareholder meeting, the customer indicates that they will reject an iteration's deliverable. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :向项目发起人发送请求,要求他们更新项目章程,然后重新分配职责和权限。 Send a request to the project sponsor, asking them to update the project charter then reassign the responsibilities and authorities.

    •  B :与项目团队会面,添加新的和改进的功能,以取代被拒绝的功能。 Meet with the project team to add new and improved features to replace the features that were rejected.

    •  C : 与相关方合作,以建立解决关心问题的共同方法。 Work with stakeholders to create a shared approach that will address the issues of concern.

    •  D :向变更控制委员会(CCB)提交变更请求,以向基准增加预算 File a change request with the change control board (CCB) in order to add budget to the baseline.

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P73 章节:6.1.1 敏捷方法强调频繁并尽早交付项目输出。但是,接收组织可能尚未做好加速纳入这些输出的充分准备。加速交付将会考验组织适应该交付的能力。成功发现和交付项目功能是不够的。如果组织抗拒项目输出,则会延迟目标投资回报。客户接受并支持项目输出在敏捷环境中日益盛行。 需要与组织内相关方以及客户在敏捷交付方法中共同努力。

    24、 客户和供应商已经签署了一份合同,合同中约定了项目需求。由于对此类项目具有非常丰富的经验,项目经理指示计划编制团队绕过制订工作分解结构(WBS)这一过程,直接开始安排资源和任务。项目经理从计划中删掉了客户的其中一项需求,因为根据项目经理的经验认定这项需求是没有必要的。但是在项目进行到一半的时候,人工成本就已经超出预算 30%了。 下列哪个原因最有可能造成这种情况?
    The customer and supplier have signed a contract stipulating the project requirements. Due to extensive experience on this type of project, the project manager instructs the planning team to bypass the development of a work breakdown structure (WBS) and begin scheduling resources and tasks. The project manager has dropped one of the customer’s requirements from the plan because the project manager’s experience has shown that it is NOT needed. Midway through the project, the labor costs exceed the budget by 30 percent. To what reason would this MOST likely be attributed?

    •  A :未能成功使用参数估算技术 Failure to use parametric estimating techniques

    •  B : 未识别的工作没有列入预算 Unidentified work not being budgeted

    •  C :未能成功使用非参数估算技术 Failure to use non-parametric estimating technique

    •  D :有缺陷的缩减 Flawed contracting

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P151 章节:5.3 定义范围:在收集需求过程中识别出的所有需求未必都包含在项目中,所以定义范围过程就要从需求文件(收集需求过程的输出)中选取最终的项目需求,然后制定出关于项目及其产品、服务或成果的详细描述。准备好详细的项目范围说明书,对项目成功至关重要。 定义范围的作用

    25、 某些关键相关方不满意项目的关键功能的开发方法。他们在迭代审查会议上表达他们的不满。为了解决这个问题,项目经理首先应该做什么?
    Certain key stakeholders are dissatisfied with how a key feature of a project has been developed. They express their dissatisfaction during an iteration review meeting. What should the project manager do first to resolve this issue?

    •  A :召集项目团队进行头脑风暴会议,并确定解决方案。 Gather the project team for a brainstorming session and identify a solution.

    •  B : 确定这个功能存在问题的原因,然后解决这个问题。 Identify the reasons why there are issues with the feature, then address the issue.

    •  C :创建对情况的赞成和反对列表来定义冲突的影响。 Create a list of the pros and cons of the situation to define the impact of the conflict.

    •  D :添加中立方(如项目发起人)作为相关方的谈判代表。 Add a neutral party, such as the project sponsor, to function as a negotiator with stakeholders.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P533 章节:13.4.2.1 根本原因分析:开展根本原因分析,确定相关方参与未达预期效果的根本原因。 先分析相关方抵制的原因,再采取进一步的措施。

    26、 一个敏捷团队刚刚完成了最终项目可交付成果的开发。团队成员正在向项目经理寻求下一步的建议。项目经理应该建议团队下一步做什么?
    An agile team has just completed the development of the final project's deliverable. The team members are seeking advice from the project manager as to their next step. What should the project manager advise the team to do next?

    •  A :确定验收标准 Determine the acceptance criteria

    •  B :确保用户故事符合准备就绪的定义(DoR) Ensure that the user stories meet the definition of ready (DoR)

    •  C :举行项目回顾 Hold a project retrospective

    •  D : 验证可交付成果是否符合完成的定义(DoD) Verify that the deliverables meet the definition of done (DoD)

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P151 章节:术语表 完成的定义DoD:它是团队需要满足的所有标准的核对单,只有可交付成果满足该核对单才能视为准备就绪可供客户使用。 敏捷项目完成后,检查DOD,以验证是否满足标准

    27、 你正在促成一个与关键相关方的会议,讨论一个将使用敏捷项目管理方法进行的新项目。其中一个相关方关心的是项目如何与公司的整体组织战略相适应。你会为相关方提出什么建议来解决他们的担忧?
    You are facilitating a meeting with key stakeholders to discuss a new project that will be conducted using an agile project management approach. One of the stakeholders is concerned about how the project fits in with the company's overall organizational strategy. What would you recommend to the stakeholder to address their concern?

    •  A : 查看效益管理计划 Look at the benefits management plan

    •  B :审查假设日志 Review the assumption log

    •  C :检查工作分解结构 Examine the work breakdown structure

    •  D :询问项目发起人 Ask the project sponsor

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P33 章节:1.2.6.2 效益管理计划:项目生命周期早期应确定目标效益,并据此制定效益管理计划战略一致性(例如项目效益与组织业务战略的一致程度) 项目还没有启动,先看商业文件,商业文件包括商业论证和效益管理计划

    29、 项目经理完成了项目章程,并得知项目发起人没有空正式授权项目启动,项目经理下一步应该做什么?
    The project manager has completed the project charter and learned that the project sponsor has no time to officially authorize the project to start, what should the project manager do next?

    •  A : 审查项目章程以查看是否有另一方可以对其进行授权 Review the project charter to see if another party can authorize it

    •  B :请求与相关方开会以确定后续步骤 Request a meeting with interested parties to determine next steps

    •  C :与职能经理开会,以讨论这种情况 Meet with the functional manager to discuss the situation

    •  D :停止该项目,直到项目发起人有空 Stop the project until the project sponsor goes back and forth

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.1 项目章程:12. 批准章程的签字人员和姓名。 项目章程最后一条记录着批准章程人员的姓名。

    30、 在项目评审会上,从事活动 AD 的项目团队成员通知项目经理,完成该活动还需要三天,组织的高级经理要求项目经理,即使需要额外的预算,也必须找到方法,按原定基准计划交付项目。项目应该使用什么方法来满足高级经理的需求?
    During a project review meeting, the project team member working on activity AD advises the project manager that it will take three more days to complete the activity. The organizations senior manager asks the project manager to find ways to deliver the project according to the original baseline plan, even though it may need additional budget. What should the project manager use to meet the senior managers needs?

    •  A :使用快速跟进 Use fast tracking

    •  B : 使用赶工 Use fast crashing

    •  C :应用关键链法 Applied critical chain method

    •  D :应用时间提前量和时间滞后量 Apply leads and lags

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P228 章节:6.6.2.6 进度压缩:采用进度压缩技术(见 6.5.2.6 节)使进度落后的项目活动赶上计划,可以对剩余工作使用快速跟进或赶工方法。 SPI<1,CPI>1说明有可能该干的活没干,该花的钱没花,因此通过花钱赶进度

    31、 项目经理在演示和审查会议上收到进度报告。报告显示,敏捷项目并没有走上正轨。因为所有的工作都是为了达到更高层次的目标而特意选择和安排的,所以项目经理对报告感到惊讶。项目经理在未来如何在敏捷项目中防止这种类型的误解?
    The project manager receives a progress report during a demo and review meeting. The report shows that the agile project is not on track. Since all work was purposely selected and sequenced to meet higher-level objectives, the project manager is surprised by the report. In the future, how can the project manager prevent this type of miscommunication in an agile project?

    •  A :支持项目团队的自组织,并帮助他们为项目提供支持。 Support self organization for the project team and help them provide buy-in for the project.

    •  B :确保有应急储备来应付这些问题。 Ensure that there is a contingency reserve to cover these issues.

    •  C :确保团队接受过使用敏捷过程报告系统的培训。 Ensure that the team is trained to use the agile process reporting system.

    •  D : 为项目团队提供关于敏捷方法的早期培训和持续指导。 Provide early training and ongoing mentoring about the agile approach for the project team.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P342 章节:9.4.2.6 培训如果项目团队成员缺乏必要的管理或技术技能,可以把对这种技能的培养作为项目工作的一部分。 项目经理按敏捷方式来,团队没有,说明团队没有掌握敏捷方法的技能。

    32、 由于国际文化差异,一个跨国项目的相关方未能批准项目管理计划,为减轻这个问题应该事先做什么?
    Because of national cultural differences, stakeholders of a transnational project failed to approve the project management plan. What should be done in advance to alleviate this problem?

    •  A :审查问题更新日志,以反映项目管理计划可能不会获得批准 Review the issue update log to reflect that the project management plan may not be approved

    •  B :要求相关方提前反馈 Ask stakeholders to give feedback in advance

    •  C : 更新相关方登记册并了解相关方需求 Update stakeholder register and pay attention to stakeholder needs

    •  D :用一种通用的沟通语言培训团队 Use a common communication language to train the team

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P504 章节:13 项目经理和团队正确识别并合理引导所有相关方参与的能力,能决定着项目的成败 正确识别并引导参与决定项目成败

    33、 在规划阶段审查项目管理计划时,发起人表示他们希望通过删除一些需求来减少预算,项目经理应该做什么?
    While reviewing the project management plan during the planning phase,the sponsor indicates that they want to decrease the budget by removing some requirements.What should the project manager do?

    •  A : 与相关方讨论,以确定此范围变更是否可行 Discuss with stakeholders to determine if this scope change is feasible

    •  B :签发变更请求,以减少项目范围 Issue a change request to decrease the project's scope

    •  C :更新计划,仅包含新的需求集 Update the plan to include only the new set of requirements

    •  D :执行成本效益分析,以确定实际可以删除哪些需求 Perform a cost-benefit analysis to determine what requirement can actually be remove

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 在基准确定之前,变更无需正式受控于实施整体变更控制过程。 先讨论,然后再做出决策。

    34、 项目发起人和客户通知项目经理他们对产品结果满意。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
    The project sponsor and the customer inform the project manager that they are satisfied with the product results. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :解散项目团队并收集经验教训 To dissolve the project team and collect lessons learned

    •  B :向项目相关方提供最终审查报告,并获得他们的反馈 To provide the project stakeholders with final review report and get their feedback

    •  C :结束采购并向承包商付款 To close the procurement and pay the contractor

    •  D : 获得项目相关方的正式验收,并结束项目 To obtain the formal acceptance by project stakeholders and close the project

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P121 章节:4.7 项目已经完成,可以正常进入收尾。买方有新的工作要求,可以签订新的合同。 相关方对可交付成果满意,可以最终验收并结束项目。顺序DBA

    35、 一位Scrum主管正在组织一次冲刺回顾会议。由于几个团队成员之间出现了冲突的第一个迹象,会议变得有点有争议。对于Scrum主管来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
    A scrum master is facilitating a sprint retrospective meeting. The meeting becomes slightly contentious with first signs of conflict between several team members. What is the best course of action for the scrum master?

    •  A :立即避免团队成员之间关系的进一步恶化和受损 ntervene immediately to avoid further escalation and damaged relationships between the team members

    •  B : 只有当冲突变得具有破坏性时,才进行干预,并且在需要时休息一下来私下向个人讲话 Intervene only if the conflict becomes destructive and take a break if needed to address individuals privately

    •  C :在会议期间处理情况,追究参与冲突的个人的责任 Address the situation during the meeting to hold the individuals who are involved in the conflict accountable

    •  D :不要干预,不管发生什么,因为敏捷团队是自我管理的,可以处理任何事情 Do not intervene regardless of what happens since agile teams are self-managing and can handle anything

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:348 章节:9.5.2.1 成功的冲突管理可提高生产力,改进工作关系。假如意见分歧成为负面因素,应该首先由项目团队成员负责解决;如果冲突升级,项目经理应提供协助,促成满意的解决方案,采用直接和合作的方式,尽早并且通常在私下处理冲突。如果破坏性冲突继续存在,则可使用正式程序,包括采取惩戒措施。 冲突处理三步骤1.自行解决2. 私下处理3. 正式程序

    36、 一个项目经理正在为一个建造定制工业冲压机床的项目制定质量管理计划。这台机器将由供应商生产的部件组装而成。为了确定质量成本,项目经理检查一致性和非一致性的成本。项目经理应该审查下列哪一项以确定一致性的成本?(选择四个)
    A project manager is developing a quality management plan for a project to build a custom industrial stamping machine. The machine will be assembled from parts produced by vendors. To determine the cost of quality, the project manager examines the costs of conformance and nonconformance.Which of the following should the project manager review to determine the cost of conformance? (Choose four)

    •  A :因零件或工艺缺陷而引起的保修费用 The cost of warranty claims due to defective parts or workmanship

    •  B : 与项目团队培训相关的成本 Costs associated with training of the project team

    •  C : 组装前与机器单个部件测试有关的费用 Expenses related to the testing of individual parts of the machine prior to assembly

    •  D : 因破坏性试验而引起的损失 Losses incurred as the result of destructive testing

    •  E :由于产品故障而导致业务损失的经济价值 The economic value of lost business due to product failures

    •  F : 在生产过程中与部件检查相关的成本 Costs related to inspections of subassemblies during the manufacturing process

    正确答案:B,C,D,F 你的答案:B,C,D,F

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:348 章节:9.5.2.1 。质量成本包括预防成本、评估成本、内部失败成本、外部失败成本。一致性成本的核心就是花钱规避失败。

    37、 你正在使用敏捷方法领导一个软件开发项目。如果该项目成功,它将为未来的收入和增长打开巨大的机会。该项目有很高的失败风险,但是潜在的利益大于风险。在选择每次迭代的内容时,必须考虑这些风险和回报。在这个场景中,应该优先开发哪些功能?
    You are leading a software development project using agile methodologies. If the project is successful, it will open up vast opportunities for future revenue and growth. The project has a high risk of failure, but the potential benefits outweigh the risks. These risks and rewards must be considered when selecting the content of each iteration. Which features should be prioritized and developed first in this scenario?

    •  A :高价值和低风险功能 High-value and low-risk features

    •  B :低价值和低风险功能 Low-value and low-risk features

    •  C : 高价值和高风险功能 High-value and high-risk features

    •  D :低价值和高风险功能 Low-value and high-risk features

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P42 章节:4.3.3 产品负责人的工作是确保团队从事最高价值的工作。 首先要做高风险高价值的事情。

    38、 进度绩效指数低于 1.0 表示:
    A schedule performance index of less than 1.0 indicates that the

    •  A : 项目没有完成预定的工作 Project is running behind the monetary value of the work it planned to accomplish

    •  B :已取得的挣值达 100% Earned value physically accomplished thus far is 100%

    •  C :项目永久性地损失了一部分时间 Project has experienced a permanent loss of time

    •  D :项目可能没有按照时间表执行,但是项目经理不必在意这个问题 Project may not be on schedule, but the project manager need not be concerned

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P42 章节:4.3.3 挣值分析进度绩效指数(SPI)是测量进度效率的一种指标,表示为挣值与计划价值之比,反映了项目团队完成工作的效率。当 SPI 小于 1.0 时,说明已完成的工作量未达到计划要求;当 SPI 大于 1.0 时,则说明已完成的工作量超过计划。 SPI小于1说明进度落后

    39、 项目遵循一个生命周期,其中需求定义在待办事项列表中,并且项目团队在两周的迭代中根据项目发起人的优先级交付待办事项列表。团队遵循何种类型的项目生命周期?
    A project is following a life cycle where requirements are defined in a backlog, and the project team delivers the backlog items based on the priorities of the project sponsor in two-week iterations. What type of project life cycle is the team following?

    •  A :滚动式 Rolling Wave

    •  B : 敏捷 Agile

    •  C :瀑布 Waterfall

    •  D :大规模敏捷框架 Scaled Agile Framework

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P18 章节:3.1 四种生命周期特征。 反复执行,频繁小规模交付,为敏捷型

    40、 项目经理把发起人的指示函件通过电子邮件转发给了异地的团队成员,该团队成员收到该邮件后及时发送了邮件回执,并开始采取行动。然而项目经理到项目上去检查时,对项目团队成员的工作非常不满意,坚持说他曲解了邮件的内容。这可能是沟通中哪个环节出了问题?
    The project manager has forwarded the instructions issued from the sponsor to a team member in other place by email. Upon the receipt of the email, the team member sends the receipt and takes action. But when the project manager inspects the project site, he is very dissatisfied with the work and insists that such member has misunderstood the email. Which part of the communication may cause this problem?

    •  A :项目经理编码错误 Project manager makes a coding error

    •  B :不应该采取电子邮件来传递信息 He shouldnt have transmitted the information by email

    •  C : 缺乏信息反馈 Lack of information feedback

    •  D :没有及时告知收到信息 Failure of promptly notifying that such information has been already received

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P372 章节:10.1.2.4 作为沟通过程的一部分,发送方负责信息的传递,确保信息的清晰性和完整性,并确认信息已被正确理解;接收方负责确保完整地接收信息,正确地理解信息,并需要告知已收到或作出适当的回应。 要正确地理解信息并做出适当的回应。

    42、 项目经理将一个变更请求通知指导委员会这属于下列哪一项范畴?
    The project manager informs the Steering Committee of a change request which of the following categories?

    •  A : 推式沟通 Push type communication

    •  B :纠正措施 Corrective action

    •  C :公开沟通 Open communication

    •  D :预防措施 Preventive measures

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P374 章节:10.1.2.5 推式沟通。向需要接收信息的特定接收方发送或发布信息。在推式沟通中,可以采用的沟通工件包括信件、备忘录、报告、电子邮件、传真、语音邮件、博客、新闻稿。 通知属于推式沟通

    44、 项目团队正在与客户就某个软件实施项目密切合作,客户指定一个单一联系点以促进项目活动。需要该联系人来确保构建产品,以便相关用户可以启动测试阶段,由于工作量大, 该联系人无法执行其分配的活动导致项目严重延迟。若要确保及时交付项目,项目经理首先应该做什么?
    The project team is working closely with the client on a software implementation project. The client specifies a single point of contact to facilitate project activities. This contact person is needed to ensure that the product is built so that the relevant user can start the testing phase, and due to the heavy workload, the contact person cannot perform his assigned activities causing a serious delay in the project. To ensure timely project delivery, what should the project manager do first?

    •  A :要求客户提供额外的联系点 Ask customers to provide additional points of contact

    •  B :执行风险再评估以确保识别风险 Perform a risk reassessment to ensure that risks are identified

    •  C : 将该问题添加到问题日志中并查找备选方案 Add the issue to the issue log and find alternatives

    •  D :在未审产品的情况下启动测试 Initiate testing if the product is being reviewed

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P110 章节:4.5.2.2 备选方案分析用于在出现偏差时选择要执行的纠正措施或纠正措施和预防措施的组合。 遇到问题,先分析,再进一步采取措施。

    45、 一位项目经理正在领导一个项目,该项目最近从预测阶段过渡到敏捷阶段,并将使用Scrumban。当开发团队审查看板面板时,他们开始争论谁将完成所需的用户描述。在僵局中,项目经理开始将用户描述分配给特定的团队成员。项目经理本可以有什么不同做法?
    A project manager is leading a project that recently transitioned from a predictive phase to an agile phase that will utilize Scrumban. As the development team reviews the Kanban board, they begin arguing over who will complete the required user stories. At an impasse, the project manager begins assigning the user stories to specific team members. What might the project manager have done differently?

    •  A : 为项目的敏捷阶段更新了团队章程 Facilitated an update to the team charter for the agile phase of the project

    •  B :为不同阶段设计不同的项目管理方法 Avoided different project management approaches for different phases

    •  C :使用极限编程框架,而不是Scrumban方法 Used eXtreme Programming framework instead of the Scrumban method

    •  D :不可能采取不同的行动,因为冲突是不可避免的 Nothing could have been done differently since conflict is unavoidable.

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:《敏捷实践指南》 页码:P50 章节:5.1 团队价值观,例如可持续开发速度和核心工作时间;工作协议,例如“就绪”如何定义 “完成”如何定义;考虑时间盒;或使用工作过程限制;基本规则,例如有关一个人在会议上发言的规定;团队规范,例如团队如何对待会议时间。 团队章程,即团队的社会契约,规定团队成员间彼此互动的方式

    46、 在一个软件开发项目的规划阶段,公司被承诺如果比约定交付时间提前两个月交付产品,公司将获得一份奖励,产品开发的项目经理让编程人员在需求和设计完成之前开始代码编写。这种情况下,项目经理在应用哪项进度技术?
    During the planning phase of a software development project, the company is offered an incentive to deliver the product two months earlier than the agreed upon delivery date. The project manager for the product development asks the programmer to start coding before the requirements and design are completed. Which scheduling technique is the project manager applying in this situation?

    •  A :赶工 Crashing

    •  B :快速执行 Fast implementation

    •  C : 快速跟进 Fast tracking

    •  D :分阶段执行 Phased implementation

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P228 章节:6.6.2.6 进度压缩采用进度压缩技术(见 6.5.2.6 节)使进度落后的项目活动赶上计划,可以对剩余工作使用快速跟进或赶工方法。 把任务并行属于快速跟进。

    47、 在项目执行阶段,项目经理发现工作分解结构(WBS)中遗漏一个工作包。项目经理应该怎么做?
    In the project implementation phase, the project manager finds a work package missing in the work breakdown structure (WBS). What should the project manager do?

    •  A :压缩进度计划以适应来自该工作包的额外工作量 To compress the schedule to accommodate the extra workload from the work package

    •  B :更新项目进度计划和人力资源计划 To update project schedule and human resources plan

    •  C : 分析影响以及让项目回到正轨将要采取的变更 To analyze the impact and the changes that will be taken when the project is back on track

    •  D :将遗漏的工作包增加到 WBSTo add the missing work package to WBS

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P96 章节:4.3.3.4 变更请求是关于修改任何文件、可交付成果或基准的正式提议。如果在开展项目工作时发现问题,就可提出变更请求。 发现问题提出变更。

    48、 为了满足正在制定的政府税收新法规,一家组织启动了一个项目,来修改其企业资源规划(ERP)系统。在管理这个项目时,项目经理应该做什么?
    To meet new government tax regulations under development,an organization initiates a project to revise its enterprise resource planning(ERP)system.What should the project manager do when managing this project?

    •  A :将其搁置,直到新法规得到明确规定 Place it on hold until the new regulations have been clearly define

    •  B : 创建一份工料合同(T&M) Create a time and material(T&M)contract

    •  C :使用总价加经济价格调整合同(FPEPA) Use a fixed price with economic price adjustment(FPEPA)

    •  D :制定一份灵活的工作说明书(SOW),规定明确退出条款 Develop a flexible statement of work(SOW)that has a clear exit clause

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P471 章节:12.1.1.6 工料合同是兼具成本补偿合同和总价合同特点的混合型合同。这种合同往往适用于:在无法快速编制出准确的工作说明书的情况下扩充人员、聘用专家或寻求外部支持。 这题无法准确定义工作说明书

    49、 一个敏捷团队正在一起做他们的第一个项目。第一次迭代的目标没有实现,并且开发团队的成员之间存在重大分歧。在迭代回顾中,我们发现一些团队成员工作时间不固定,并且在需要他们的时候工作繁忙。敏捷教练本可以做什么不同的事情来防止这种情况?
    An agile team is working on their first project together. The objectives for the first iteration were missed, and there is significant dissension among the members of the development team. During the iteration retrospective, it is discovered that some team members are working odd hours and have been unavailable when needed. What might the agile coach have done differently to prevent this situation?

    •  A :规定团队的标准工作时间 Mandated standard working hours for the team

    •  B :要求职能部门领导介入 Asked the functional leader to intervene

    •  C :没有办法能阻止描述的情况 Nothing could have prevented the situation described

    •  D : 促进会议建立社会契约 Facilitated a meeting to establish a social contract

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.1 团队价值观,例如可持续开发速度和核心工作时间;工作协议,例如“就绪”如何定义;“完成”如何定义;考虑时间盒;或使用工作过程限制;基本规则,例如有关一个人在会议上发言的规定;团队规范,例如团队如何对待会议时间。 团队章程,即团队的社会契约,规定团队成员间彼此互动的方式

    50、 政府已与一家供应商签订合同,为即将到来的选举开发一款计算选票的软件应用程序。需求得到了很好的定义,这样项目就可以按照传统方式进行管理。然而,由于过去类似应用程序的失败,政府希望供应商能够对可交付内容的适用性进行快速反馈。供应商的项目经理选择什么样的进度计划方法最好?
    A vendor has been contracted by the government to develop a software application to count votes for the upcoming elections. The requirements are well defined so that the project can be managed traditionally. However, due to failures in similar applications in the past, the government wants the vendor to allow rapid feedback on the suitability of the deliverables. What scheduling approach is best for the vendor's project manager to select?

    •  A :预测式 Predictive

    •  B :传统式 Traditional

    •  C :高效式 Elective

    •  D : 适应式 Adaptive

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P18 章节:3.1 四种生命周期特征。 反复执行,频繁小规模交付,为敏捷型

    52、 项目进展顺利,关键绩效指标(KPI)为正数,这时出现了新的市场需求,需要在范围中添加额外的功能。项目经理应该做什么?
    A project is going well and key performance indicators(KPI)are positive.A new market need arises that requires adding an extra feature to the scope. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :拒绝额外的功能,以保持项目正常进行 Reject the extra feature to keep the project on track

    •  B :创建一个单独的项目,以解决市场需求 Create a separate project to address the market need

    •  C : 与变更控制委员会(CCB)一起审查市场需求 Review the market need with change control board(CCB)

    •  D :在范围中包含额外的功能 Incorporate the extra feature into the scope

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB 审批前,三步骤提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

    53、 两阶段项目的项目管理计划表明,市场研究将采用预测法,而产品开发将遵循敏捷模型。项目团队刚刚完成市场调研阶段,即将过渡到产品开发阶段,产品开发阶段的特点是预算和进度严格。在产品开发阶段,项目经理最好采用什么样的领导风格?
    The project management plan for a two-phase project indicates that market research will employ a predictive approach, and product development will follow an agile model. The project team has just completed the market research phase and is about to transition to the product development phase, which is characterized by a strict budget and schedule. What leadership style is best for the project manager to adopt for the product development phase?

    •  A :指导性 Directive

    •  B :自由放任性 Laissez-faire

    •  C : 仆人性 Servant

    •  D :平滑性 Smoothing

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P38 章节:4.2.3 仆人式领导:在敏捷环境中,项目经理充当仆人式领导,其工作重点转变为引导需要帮助的人,促进团队的合作,保持与相关方的需要一致。 敏捷环境中,项目经理充当仆人式领导

    54、 你正在创建在你的公司部署一个新的ERP软件的时间表。该公司目前正在进行敏捷转型,因此决定迭代开发新的ERP。ERP的第一个版本应该在四个月内推出,你知道另一个全公司范围操作系统升级的项目计划在三个月内推出。随着升级项目影响你的进度,你应该评估以下哪一项以确定在推出前的迭代次数?
    You are creating the schedule to deploy a new ERP software in your company. The company is currently undergoing an agile transformation, so it was decided to develop the new ERP iteratively. The first release of the ERP should be rolled out in four months, and you know that another project, a company-wide operating system upgrade, is scheduled in three months. With the upgrade project affecting your schedule, an impact on which of the following should you assess to determine the number of iterations until rollout?

    •  A : 发布规划 Release planning

    •  B :产品路线图 Product roadmap

    •  C :迭代待办事项列表 Iteration backlogs

    •  D :项目章程 Project charter

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P216 章节:6.5.2.8 敏捷发布规划基于项目路线图和产品发展愿景,提供了高度概括的发布进度时间轴(通常是 3 到 6个月)。同时,敏捷发布规划还确定了发布的迭代或冲刺次数,使产品负责人和团队能够决定需要开发的内容,并基于业务目标、依赖关系和障碍因素确定达到产品放行所需的时间。 敏捷发布规划确定了发布迭代次数或冲刺次数

    55、 一位项目经理正在组织一次冲刺回顾会议,团队成员在会上讨论客户对他们在冲刺期间交付的产品增量的不满。讨论揭示了主要使用电子邮件与团队其他成员沟通的远程团队成员的一些问题。什么是最有可能导致产品增量没有满足客户期望的原因?
    A project manager is facilitating a sprint retrospective meeting where the team members discuss customer dissatisfaction from the product increment they delivered during the sprint. The discussion reveals some issues with the remote team members who were primarily using email to communicate with the rest of the team. What was the most likely cause the product increment did not meet customer expectations?

    •  A :未能应对范围变更 Failure to respond to changes in scope

    •  B : 不在同一地点的团队成员 Non colocated team members

    •  C :在每次冲刺中交付工作软件 Delivering working software in each sprint

    •  D :士气低落的团队成员 Demotivated team members

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P46 章节:4.3.6 团队工作场所团队需要一个工作场所,他们可以一起工作,了解他们作为团队的状态,并进行协作。在不同地点工作的团队成员需要虚拟的工作空间。另外,要考虑让团队成员定期聚集一堂,以便建立信任,学习怎样开展合作。 敏捷团队如果能集中办公是最好的。若分布式办公会存在协作滞后的问题

    56、 项目经理应使用哪三个文档来确保最近委托的项目组件已签署并所有权已转移?(选择三项)
    Which three documents should the project manager use to ensure that a recently commissioned project component was signed off on and ownership transferred? (Choose 3)

    •  A : 最终报告 Final report

    •  B : 项目文件更新 Project document updates

    •  C :采购协议 Procurement agreements

    •  D :相关方参与计划 Stakeholder engagement plan

    •  E : 组织过程资产更新 Organizational process assets updates

    正确答案:A,B,E 你的答案:A,B,E

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3 结束项目或阶段-输出最终报告(A)项目文件更新(B)组织过程资产更新(E) 收尾的三个输出文件。

    58、 产品待办事项列表包含用户故事,这些故事通常基于最高价值进行优先级排序。谁负责在产品待办事项列表中定义和确定用户故事的优先级?
    A product backlog contains the user stories, and these are typically prioritized based on the highest value. Who is responsible for defining and prioritizing user stories in a product backlog?

    •  A :项目经理 Project Manager

    •  B : 产品负责人 Product Owner

    •  C :Scrum主管 Scrum master

    •  D :发起人 Sponsor

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner:创建待办列表并排序、确认工作优先顺序、提供反馈、指导开发方向。 优先级由且只由PO来确定。

    59、 你是建设一个生猪养殖厂项目的经理。当地居民和环保团体反对该项目。他们已经提供了一系列数据显示厂里焚烧的内脏和猪尸体将产生有害的甚至有毒的气体,对当地居民有危害。他们威胁要将公司告上法庭。你发现你的大量时间花费在平息他们的担忧。在花费大量时间和精力之后,你说服管理层同意将项目迁至一个新的镇外的厂址。这是以下哪种风险反应的例子:
    You are the project manager for the construction of a hog rendering plant. Local residents and environmental groups are opposed to this project. They have produced reams of data showing that the volume of entrails and carcasses burned at the site will cause noxious-and possibly toxic-fumes to which the residents will be exposed. They have threatened to take your company to court. You find you are spending most of your time trying to work with these groups to alleviate their concerns. After so much time and effort in these meetings, you convince management to move this project to a different site outside town. This is an example of which of the following risk responses?

    •  A :被动接受 Passive acceptance

    •  B :主动接受 Active acceptance

    •  C :缓解风险 Mitigation

    •  D : 回避风险 Avoidance

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P442 章节:11.5.2.4 规避风险规避是指项目团队采取行动来消除威胁,或保护项目免受威胁的影响。 风险事件是当地居民的反对,更换地址后,风险规避

    60、 在演示和审查会议期间,进度报告显示一个敏捷项目脱离正轨,项目经理感到很惊讶,因为所有工作都是经过有目的性的选择和排序以满足更高层级的目标。 若要预防这种沟通不畅的问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
    During the presentation and review sessions, the project progress report indicates that an agile project is off-track, and the project manager is very astonished because all works are purposefully selected and sorted to meet the higher-level goals. To prevent this issue of poor communication, what should the project manager do beforehand?

    •  A :鼓励团队自行组织并提供项目支持 To encourage the team to organize and support the project

    •  B :创建一份应急储备 To generate emergency reserves

    •  C :让团队参与记录敏捷进度报告系统 To involve the team in recording the agile progress reporting system

    •  D : 培训并指导团队使用敏捷方法 To train and guide the team how to use agile methods

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P342 章节:9.4.2.6 培训如果项目团队成员缺乏必要的管理或技术技能,可以把对这种技能的培养作为项目工作的一部分。 项目经理按敏捷方式来,团队没有,说明团队没有掌握敏捷方法的技能。

    61、 作为一位Scrum主管,当两个开发人员开始就应该分配给特定用户故事的点数而争吵不休时,你正在领导一个用户故事的相对规模评估练习。在争执变成现实之前,你把两个开发人员分开。考虑到这不是第一次发生这样的事件,你应该做些什么来尝试解决冲突?
    As a scrum master, you are leading a user story relative sizing exercise, when two developers begin screaming at each other over the number of points that should be assigned to a particular user story. You separate the two developers before the argument becomes physical. Considering this is not the first such incident, what should you do to try and resolve the conflict?

    •  A : 取消会议,然后与开发人员会面 Dismiss the meeting and meet with the developers afterward

    •  B :平均两个团队成员提供的故事点估算值 Average the story point estimates provided by the two team members

    •  C :允许开发人员自行解决问题 Allow the developers to work out the issue on their own

    •  D :使用理想时间估算方法而不是故事点 Use the ideal time estimation method instead of story points

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:348 章节:9.5.2.1 成功的冲突管理可提高生产力,改进工作关系。假如意见分歧成为负面因素,应该首先由项目团队成员负责解决;如果冲突升级,项目经理应提供协助,促成满意的解决方案,采用直接和合作的方式,尽早并且通常在私下处理冲突。如果破坏性冲突继续存在,则可使用正式程序,包括采取惩戒措施。 冲突处理三步骤1.自行解决2. 私下处理3. 正式程序

    62、 项目经理负责管理开发新产品的项目。由于资源问题,一个类似项目提前终止。为了避免再次出现这些问题,项目经理应该查阅哪份文件?
    The project manager is responsible for managing the development of new product. Due to resource problem, a similar project is terminated earlier.Which documents should the project manager review in order to avoid recurrence?

    •  A :项目资源管理计划 Project Resources Management Plan

    •  B :项目管理计划 Project Management Plan

    •  C :项目收尾文件 Project Closing Document

    •  D : 经验教训文件 Lessons Learned Document

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.4 如果项目在完工前提前终止,则需要在正式的收尾文件中说明项目终止的原因,并规定正式程序,把该项目的已完成和未完成的可交付成果移交他人。 项目中止,项目经理正常安排收尾,调查原因并总结经验教训

    63、 项目经理从一个符合进度和预算的项目中辞职。在聘用了替代的项目经理后,项目经理提出的意见被团队成员反对。团队处于下列哪一个发展阶段?
    A project manager resigns from a project that is on schedule and on budget. A new project manager is hire, the team members oppose the ideas presented by the new project man. The team is in which of the following stages of development?

    •  A :形成阶段 Forming

    •  B :规范阶段 Naming

    •  C :成熟阶段 Performing

    •  D : 震荡阶段 Storming

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P338 章节:9.4 塔克曼阶梯理论:形成阶段、震荡阶段、规范阶段、成熟阶段、解散阶段。 争吵,属于震荡

    64、 某项目主要依靠外部组织的力量来完成,其中一个合同的期限预计为3年,价格可能高达500万美元。买方想要采用总价合同,但又担心潜在卖方在报价中计入过高的通货膨胀应急储备。买方应该选择什么合同?
    A project is completed by relying on the strength of external organization. The term of a contract is expected to be 3 years, and the price might be up to $5 million. The buyer intends to use lump-sum contract, but has a concern that the potential seller records excessive inflation emergency reserves in the offer. What kind of contract should the buyer choose?

    •  A :固定总价合同 Firm Fixed Price (FFP)

    •  B :总价加激励费用合同 Fixed Price Incentive Fee (FPIF)

    •  C :总价加奖励费用合同 Fixed Price Reward Fee

    •  D : 总价加经济价格调整合同 Fixed Price plus Economic Price Adjustment (FP-EPA)

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P471章 节:12.1.1.6 总价加经济价格调整:这种合同适用于两种情况:卖方履约期将跨越几年时间,或将以不同货币支付价款。它是总价合同的一种类型,但合同中包含了特殊条款,允许根据条件变化,如通货膨胀、某些特殊商品的成本增加(或低),以事先确定的方式对合同价格进行最终调整。 三种情况时间跨度长不同货币支付特殊商品

    65、 Engulf Enterprises的项目经理Mark正在验证相关方参与计划,以改善相关方的参与。以下哪个项目文件将对正在执行的项目管理过程产生最大的影响?(选择三项)
    Mark, Project Manager of Engulf Enterprises is verifying Stakeholder engagement plan for making improvements in stakeholder engagement. Which of the below Project documents will have most impact on Project Management Process being performed (Choose Three)

    •  A : 风险登记册 Risk Register

    •  B :资源跟踪矩阵 Resource Traceability Matrix

    •  C : 相关方登记册 Stakeholder Register

    •  D :相关方参与度评估矩阵 Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix

    •  E : 问题日志 Issue Log

    正确答案:A,C,E 你的答案:A,C,E

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P518 章节:13.2.1.2 项目文件:问题日志(E)风险登记册(A)相关方登记册(C) ITTO题

    66、 由于生产线存在错误和缺陷,制造商正面临大量产品退货,产品经理怀疑根本原因可能是培训和/或库存采购和货物分类流程较差,若要确定生产问题的准确的、根本原因,应使用下列哪一项工具?
    A manufacturer is experiencing a large number of returned items due to production line errors and defects. The product manager suspects that the root causes may be training and/or poor inventory purchasing and sorting processes. Which to should be utilized to determine the precise root causes of the production problems?

    •  A :帕累托图 Pareto chart

    •  B :直方图 Histogram

    •  C :质量控制图 Quality control chart

    •  D : 石川图 Ishikawa diagram

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 因果图,又称“鱼骨图”、“why-why分析图”和“石川图”,将问题陈述的原因分解为离散的分支,有助于识别问题的主要原因或根本原因。 寻找根本原因的,就选因果图,石川图,鱼骨图

    67、 有一种激励理论认为,真正能激励人的是工作本身。包括工作中的责任感、职业发展和自我实现等,而不是工作所带来的经济收入。这种激励理论是?
    A motivation theory argues that what really motivates is the work itself, including the sense of responsibility at work, career development and self-actualization, rather than the economic income from work. What is this incentive theory?

    •  A :戴明的PDCA循环理论 Demings PDCA Cycle Theory

    •  B :麦克利兰的成就动机理论 McClellands Achievement Motivation Theory

    •  C :马斯洛的需求层次理论 Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

    •  D : 赫兹伯格的双因素理论 Herzbergs Two-factor Theory

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:补充知识点 赫兹伯格的激励理论:保健因素:恶劣的卫生因素可能破坏激励。包括:工作环境、薪金、职业保障、个人生活、工作关系、安全;激励因素:能够激励人们的是工作本身,责任、自我实现、晋升、专业发展。保健因素:没有什么好满意的激励因素:没有什么不满意的 能够激励人们的是工作本身

    68、 一个组织正在从预测性项目管理过渡到敏捷。作为项目经理,你即将开展的项目需要提交合规报告,由于监管的原因,这些报告需要提交给内部审计师。如何在这种混合环境中满足法规遵循报告的需要?
    An organization is transitioning from predictive project management to agile. As a project manager, your upcoming project will require compliance reporting that will need to be submitted to internal auditors due to regulatory oversight. How might you address the need for compliance reporting in this hybrid environment?

    •  A : 与审计师合作来简化过程 Work with the auditors to streamline the process

    •  B :任命一位团队成员完成合规性报告 Task one of the team members to complete the compliance reporting

    •  C :将合规报告的责任转移给法律部门 Transfer the responsibility of compliance reporting to the legal department

    •  D :避免敏捷,因为它不适合在监管环境中运行的项目 Avoid agile as it not suitable for projects that operate in a regulatory environment

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.2 消除组织障碍仆人式领导还应该关注其他冗长的过程,这些过程往往造成瓶颈问题,阻碍团队或组织的敏捷性。可能需要处理的过程或部门的例子包括,财务部门、变更控制委员会或审计部门。仆人式领导可以与他人携手合作,质疑和审核他们的过程,为敏捷团队和领导提供支持。 审计一般属于瓶颈过程,阻碍了团队快速交付价值。

    70、 在启动为一家大公司创建服务的过渡项目时,项目经理发现存在多个具有相互竞争需求的业务领域。若要获得相关方的共识,项目经理应该做什么?
    While inviting a transition project to create service for a large company,a project manager discovers that there are multiple business areas with competing requirements.What should the project manager do to obtain consensus among stakeholders?

    •  A : 与相关方开会,以获得必要的信息 Meet with stakeholders to obtain the necessary information

    •  B :进行业务领域评估,以了解独特需求 Conduct business area evaluation to understand unique needs

    •  C :确保项目发起人承诺负责项目章程 Ensure that the project sponsor commits to the project charter.

    •  D :协商每个业务领域最有资质的资源 Negotiation for the most-qualified resources to obtain the necessary information

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P145 章节:5.2.2.6 引导:引导与主题研讨会结合使用,把主要相关方召集在一起定义产品需求。研讨会可用于快速定义跨职能需求并协调相关方的需求差异。 快速定义跨职能需求并协调相关方的需求差异

    72、 相关方在项目期间通过每日站会、审查会议和非正式讨论频繁协作,以便及时更新项目状态。应基于什么而定义相关方参与的频率?
    Stakeholders collaborate frequently during the project through daily standups, review meetings, and informal discussions so that there are timely updates to status of the project. On what basis should the frequency of stakeholder engagement be defined?

    •  A : 相关方的共同需求和期望 Mutual needs and expectations of the stakeholders

    •  B :项目经理的判断 The project manager's judgement

    •  C :定期讨论和头脑风暴 Regular discussions and brainstorming

    •  D :审查项目状态 Review of the project status

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 相关方管理的核心概念:相关方满意度应作为项目目标加以识别和管理。有效引导相关方参与的关键是重视与所有相关方保持持续沟通,以理解他们的需求和期望、处理所发生的问题、管理利益冲突,并促进相关方参与项目决策和活动。 理解相关方的需求和期望,以此制定沟通。

    73、 客户的运营团队直接通知现场项目团队在可交付成果中包含额外功能。这些额外功能会增加成本,并可能影响进度计划。项目经理应该做什么?
    The customer's operations team directly informs the on-site project team to include additional features in the deliverables. These additional features increase costs and may affect schedules. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :允许团队执行额外工作,并向客户开具发票以获得额外费用。 Allow the team to perform additional work and invoice the customer to obtain additional costs.

    •  B :启动变更管理过程,将额外工作纳入项目范围中。 Initiate the change management process and include additional work in the scope of the project.

    •  C : 与客户团队负责人讨论潜在影响,并要求发起正式变更。 Discuss the potential impact with the client team leader and request that a formal change be initiated.

    •  D :将该事项升级上报给项目发起人 并在项目中包含额外的范围。 Escalate the matter to the project sponsor and include additional scope in the project.

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB 审批前,三步骤提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

    74、 在管理项目时,你发现团队中的一些成员相处得不好。你还认识到三个团队成员不确定如何完成他们的可交付成果。你所有的团队成员都在同一栋楼里一起工作。你还可以在一个单独的会议室里与所有团队成员定期举行每周会议。在这种情况下,哪种方法没有帮助?
    While managing a project, you discovered that a few of your team members are not getting along. You also realized that three team members are not sure how to complete their deliverables. All of your team members are working together in the same building. You also have regular weekly meeting with all the team members in a single meeting room. Which technique will NOT be helpful in this situation?

    •  A : 作战室 War room

    •  B :训练 Training

    •  C :奖励和表扬 Reward and recognition

    •  D :谈判 Negotiation

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P340-342 章节:9.4.2 建设团队的工具团队建设、认可与奖励、培训、沟通技术、集中办公、虚拟团队、谈判、激励 已经在一起了,集中办公作用不大。

    75、 在项目会议期间,一位新相关方介绍了对当前流程的一些想法,以改善运营效率。项目经理认为其中一些想法会影响项目的范围,预算和进度计划。 项目经理应该做什么?
    During a project meeting,a new stakeholder introduces some ideas on the flow of current process to improve operational efficiency.The project manager identifies that some of these ideas will impact the project's scope,budget,and schedule. What should the project manager do?

    •  A : 与所有相关方进一步讨论这些想法 Further discuss the ideas with all stakeholders

    •  B :请求更多资源来实施这些想法 Ask for more resources to implement the ideas

    •  C :修订项目管理计划,以包含这些想法 Revise the project management plan to include these ideas

    •  D :建议一种更简单的方法,来提高相关方的效率 Suggest a simpler way to improve efficiency to the stakeholders

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P524 章节:13.3 在管理相关方参与过程中,需要开展多项活动,例如:在适当的项目阶段引导相关方参与,以便获取、确认或维持他们对项目成功的持续承诺;通过谈判沟通管理相关方期望;处理与相关方管理有关的任何风险或潜在关注点,预测相关方可能在未来引发的问题;澄清和解决已识别的问题 管理相关方参与要积极主动、当面解决问题。

    76、 在一个项目接近完成时,客户请求增加在已批准项目范围以外的额外功能。客户表示如果没有该功能,将不会提供项目验收。项目经理下一步应该做什么?
    When a project is nearing completion, the client requests additional features that are not included in the scope of the approved project. The customer stated that without this feature, project acceptance will not be provided. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :与项目发起人讨论客户的需求,并请求获得他们的批准 Discuss the client's needs with the project sponsor and request their approval

    •  B :要求客户遵循已批准的工作说明书(SOW)并避免变更 Require customers to follow approved work instructions (sow) and avoid changes

    •  C :分析增加新功能的影响,并仅在不影响进度计划时将其包含在内 Analyze the impact of adding new features and include them only if they do not affect the schedule

    •  D : 收集有关该功能的更多信息,并向变更控制委员会(CCB)提交变更请求 Collect more information about the feature and submit a change request to the Change Control Board (CCB)

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P166 章节:5.5.3.3 变更请求对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因,应该记录在案。可能需要针对这些可交付成果提出变更请求,开展缺陷补救。 客户不验收,只能进一步了解,再提交变更

    78、 项目经理希望确定产生项目中大多数问题或缺陷的原因。帮助确定问题领域,项目经理应该使用哪项工具?
    A project manager wants to identify the causes that product the large majority of the problems or defects in a project. Which tool should the project manager use to help identify the problem areas?

    •  A :控制图 Control charts

    •  B :流程图 Flow chart

    •  C : 帕累托图 Pareto chart

    •  D :散点图 Scatter diagram

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 帕累托图 理论依据为80/20原则,用于寻找关键原因、主要原因等。是一种特殊的直方图。 寻找关键原因。

    79、 在客户确认并验收产品时,项目团队庆祝产品的成功交付。项目发起人要求项目经理管理下一个项目。项目经理下一步应该做什么?
    When the customer confirms and accepts the product, the project team celebrates the successful delivery of the product. The project sponsor asks the project manager to manage the next project.What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :分析新项目的风险 Analyze the risks of new projects

    •  B :重新分配已结束项目的资源 Reallocate resources for closed projects

    •  C :安排召开新项目的开工会议 Schedule a start-up meeting for the new project

    •  D : 完成已结束项目的经验教训 Lessons learned from completed projects

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th 页码:P126 章节:4.7 收尾流程见下图。 验收完成后,总结经验教训

    80、 产品负责人与敏捷团队负责人接触时,会担心团队在最后几次冲刺中进展缓慢。产品负责人怀疑,从最近的站会上团队成员疲惫的外表和无精打采的状态来看,他们可能是筋疲力尽了。在这种情况下,团队领导采取的最佳行动方案是什么?
    A product owner approaches the agile team lead with concerns of slow team's progress during the last few sprints. The product owner suspects that judging by the tired looks and low energy in recent stand-up meetings, the team members are burnt out. What is the best course of action for the team lead to take in this situation?

    •  A :要求产品负责人解决问题 Ask the product owner to resolve the issue

    •  B : 把这个问题提出来与团队讨论 Bring the issue up with the team to discuss

    •  C :带领团队度过愉快的一天,让他们充电 Take the team on a fun day to help recharge

    •  D :与HR经理讨论问题 Brainstorm the issue with the HR manager

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P38 章节:4.3 仆人式领导要善于激励项目人员,为他们提供所需的环境和支持,信任他们能够完成工作。 把问题提出来,让团队自己解决。

    81、 一项目经理和公司中设计铁路设备的团队要设计一台能将石头装载到火车上的机器。该项目允许损耗 2%,每天允许损耗2吨以上的石块。在下列哪项中项目经理记录该项目的质量控制、质量保证和质量改进?
    A project manager and team from a firm that designs railroad equipment are tasked to design a machine to load stone onto railroad cars. The design allows for 2 percent spillage, mounting to over two tons of spilled rock per day. In which of the following does the project manager document quality control, quality assurance and quality improvements for this project?

    •  A : 质量管理计划 Quality management plan

    •  B :质量政策 Quality policy

    •  C :控制图 Control charts

    •  D :项目管理计划 Project management plan

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P286 章节:8.1.3.1 质量管理计划包括(但不限于)以下组成部分:项目采用的质量标准;项目的质量目标;质量角色与职责;需要质量审查的项目可交付成果和过程; 质量相关所有的活动都可以记录在质量管理计划里。

    84、 项目团队成员在地理位置、文化以及工作实践方面存在多样化,若要确保团队遵从标准方法,项目经理可以怎么做?
    When project team members are diverse regarding their locations, cultures, and work practice, what can a project manager do to ensure that the team adheres to a common standard approach?

    •  A : 采用由所有团队成员都同意的最佳实践。 Adopt best practices agreed to by all team members.

    •  B :在风险登记册中记录并接受相关风险,但允许有充足的项目应急。 Note and accept the associated risks in the risk register, but allow for sufficient project contingency.

    •  C :使用帕累托图确定在哪里可以实现共性。 Use a Pareto diagram to determine where commonality can be achieved.

    •  D :在制定项目管理计划之前要求团队输入。 Ask for team input prior to developing the project management plan.

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:团队价值观;沟通指南;决策标准和过程;冲突处理过程;会议指南;团队共识。 所有成员都同意的最佳实践,属于团队章程

    85、 在项目收尾期间,负责批准最终交付成果的相关方辞职,剩余的相关方无法就接受可交付成果达成共识。项目经理应该做什么?
    During the project closing period, the parties responsible for approving the final deliverable resign, and the remaining parties cannot reach a consensus on accepting the deliverable. What should the project manager do?

    •  A : 确认可交付成果满足原始需求 Confirm that deliverable meet original needs

    •  B :指定另一个相关方来处理该批准 Designate another interested party to handle the approval

    •  C :为负责可交付成果的相关方投票 Vote for those responsible for deliverable

    •  D :结束该项目,并记录经验教训 End the project and record lessons learned

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P124 章节:4.7.1.3 需求文件需求文件用于证明符合项目范围。 批准方离职,就在收尾阶段将范围与需求文件对比,得出结论。

    86、 一个项目具有特定的服务水平协议,以保证对客户的服务质量。项目经理应使用什么样的工具,来确定该服务的稳定性以及可预测性?
    A project has specific service level agreements which assure quality of service to the customer what tool can the project manager use to determine that the service is stable or has a predictable performance?

    •  A : 控制图 Control charts

    •  B :帕累托图 Pareto charts

    •  C :流程图 Flowcharts

    •  D :标杆对照 Benchmarking

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P304 章节:8.3.2.5 控制图用于确定一个过程是否稳定,或者是否具有可预测的绩效。帮助确定项目管理过程是否受控。 控制图能够量化地监控每一个过程,并提前预测失控

    87、 某停车场能容纳1000辆车。停车场业主刚刚启动一个改造项目,以便升级车辆进出管理系统和停车引导系统。为了确保项目成功实施,必须记录详细的需求。作为项目经理应该怎么做?
    The accommodation capacity of a parking lot is 1,000 cars. The parking lot owner has just kicked-off a renovation project to upgrade the vehicle access management system and the parking guidance system. To ensure the successful project execution, the requests must be recorded in details. What should the project manager do?

    •  A : 鼓励项目相关方尽早参与进来 To encourage the stakeholder to participate in the project as early as possible

    •  B :根据需求确定项目目标 To identify project goal based on specific needs

    •  C :对需求变化进行实时监控 To monitor the change in requests in real time

    •  D :定期召开项目状态评审会议 To hold project status review sessions at regular intervals

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P504 章节:13 引导相关方参与:为提高成功的可能性,应该在项目章程被批准、项目经理被委任,以及团队开始组建之后,尽早开始识别相关方并引导相关方参与。 尽早地识别,并引导相关方参与,可以提高项目成功的可能性

    90、 一个关键项目落后于进度,并超出预算。项目管理办公室(PMO)的详细分析表明并非所有关键人员都被识别,并且没有积极的过程来接洽和管理这些人员。项目经理应该采取什么纠正措施?
    A critical project is behind schedule and over budget. Detailed analysis by the project management office (PMO) revealed that not all key people were identified, and no active process for engaging and managing them. What corrective action should the project manager take?

    •  A : 改进相关方参与计划。 Improve the stakeholder management plan.

    •  B :查看权力/利益方格。 Review the power/interest grid.

    •  C :控制相关方参与程度。 Control stakeholder engagement.

    •  D :更新沟通管理计划。 Update the communications management plan.

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P535 章节:13.4.3.2 变更请求可能包括用于改善相关方当前参与水平的纠正及预防措施。应该通过实施整体变更控制过程(见 4.6 节)对变更请求进行审查和处理。 通过变更请求执行的对相关方管理的纠正措施,纳入到相关方参与计划中。

    91、 项目经理完成了一个新产品开发项目的规划过程。在继续进入执行过程组之前需要完成的最后一个重要里程碑是什么?
    The project manager completes the planning process for a new product development project.What is the last important milestone that needs to be completed before proceeding with the execution process?

    •  A :最终确定项目章程 To finalize the Project Charter

    •  B :接收执行项目的项目资金 To receive project funds for the project implementation

    •  C : 获得发起人和相关方的批准 To seek approval from the sponsor and stakeholders

    •  D :执行相关方管理策略 To execute stakeholders' management strategies

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P86 章节:4.2.3.1 项目管理计划项目管理计划是说明项目执行、监控和收尾方式的一份文件,它整合并综合了所有子管理计划和基准,以及管理项目所需的其他信息。 项目管理计划批准以后才能执行

    92、 你在管理一个项目,该项目开发一种以大豆为原料,不含乳糖,富含镁的高营养饮料。该产品针对的是 50 岁以上的用户。你最近听说你的客户将你们的项目进度报告称为 “汉莫拉比法典 ,因为它们看起来是用象形文字书写的,只有埃及人才能读懂。这种情况可以通过以下哪种方法避免:
    You are managing a project to develop a soy-based, lactose-free, magnesium-rich nutritional drink for the “over 50 market. You have recently heard that the client calls your progress reports the “Code of Hammurabi because they seem to be written in hieroglyphics and are completely indecipherable to all but an Egyptologist. This situation could have been avoided by

    •  A :在项目开始的时候就通知客户报告将采用的形式 Informing the client at the start of the project of the types of reports they will receive

    •  B :运用风险管理技术识别来自客户方面的风险 Using risk management techniques to identify client issues

    •  C :雇佣一名专业报告撰写人员准备标准化的报告 Hiring an expert report writer to prepare standard reports

    •  D : 进行沟通计划 Engaging in communications planning

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息:相关方的沟通需求 凡信息,找沟通

    94、 项目经理为她的跨职能团队提供全面的指导、培训和支持,但委托团队管理和跟踪他们自己的工作分配,并作为一个团队做出决策。项目经理会参加有规律的团队会议,以监督团队的进展并提供支持,但通常不会参与有关工作量或团队决策制定的讨论。项目经理用什么来管理团队?
    A project manager provides overall direction, training, and support to her cross-functional team, but entrusts the team to manage and track their own work assignments and make decisions as a group. The project manager participates in regular team meetings to monitor the team's progress and provide support, but generally stays out of discussions about workload or team decision making. What is the project manager employing to manage the team?

    •  A :情商 Emotional intelligence

    •  B : 自组织团队 Self-organizing teams

    •  C :团队建设 Team building

    •  D :动机 Motivation

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P153 章节:术语表 它是一种跨职能团队,其中为实现团队目标团队成员根据需要轮换着发挥领导作用。 自组织团队的核心就是做什么事情,团队成员说了算。

    96、 一家公司正在为外部客户运行一个敏捷项目。团队在冲刺审查会议上演示了网络用户界面的新功能后,一个相关方找到产品负责人,并建议对其中一个屏幕进行改进。相关方坚持认为,这种改进将使用户更容易在界面中导航。产品负责人的最佳行动方案是什么?
    A company is running an agile project for an external customer. After the sprint review meeting where the team demonstrated the new capabilities of the web user interface, a stakeholder approaches the product owner and suggests an improvement to one of the screens. The stakeholder insists this improvement would make it easier for the user to navigate the interface. What is the product owner’s best course of action?

    •  A :在下次冲刺中实施相关方的请求,因为它将增强客户体验 Implement the stakeholder's request in the next sprint because it will enhance customer experience

    •  B : 与客户讨论相关方的要求,并决定是否以及何时实施 Discuss the stakeholder's request with the customer and decide if and when it should be implemented

    •  C :为相关方的请求创建用户故事,并放在产品待办事项列表的底部 Create a user story for the stakeholder's request and place it at the very bottom of the product backlog

    •  D :在每日站会上讨论相关方的要求,并让团队决定如何继续 Discuss the stakeholder's request at the daily standup meeting and let the team decide on how to proceed

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner:创建待办列表并排序、确认工作优先顺序、提供反馈、指导开发方向。 PO对接客户,以确定是否变更以及何时变更。

    97、 项目经理与项目相关方开会,收集需求并制作项目需求文档。项目经理下一步该怎么做?
    The project manager meets with the stakeholders, gathers requirements, and develop the project requirement documentation. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :制定需求基准,并获得关键关系人的批准 Baseline the requirement and obtain key stakeholders approve

    •  B :与团队一起创建工作分解结构 Create the work breakdown structure with team

    •  C : 准备一份详细的项目范围说明 书Prepare a detailed project scope statement

    •  D :制定项目管理计划 Develop a project management plan

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P151 章节:5.3 定义范围:在收集需求过程中识别出的所有需求未必都包含在项目中,所以定义范围过程就要从需求文件中选取最终的项目需求,然后制定出关于产品的详细描述。准备好详细的项目范围说明书,对项目成功至关重要。 定义范围的作用。

    98、 在制定项目管理计划的过程中,项目经理了解到过去的项目遭受了范围蔓延、无效的变更控制过程和低相关方满意度的困扰。为了确保更好地管理当前的项目,项目经理决定在整个项目中定期与相关方社区进行互动。以下哪一项是项目经理决定的最不可能的结果?
    During the development of the project management plan, the project manager learns that past projects suffered from scope creep, ineffective change control process, and low stakeholder satisfaction. To ensure the current project is managed better, the project manager decides to institute regular interactions with the stakeholder community throughout the project. Which of the following would be the least likely outcome of the project manager's decision?

    •  A : 降低范围 Reduced scope

    •  B :减轻风险 Mitigated risk

    •  C :降低成本 Reduced cost

    •  D :更多信任 Greater trust

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P167 章节:5.6 控制范围未经控制的产品或项目范围的扩大(未对时间、成本和资源做相应调整)被称为范围蔓延。变更不可避免,因此在每个项目上,都必须强制实施某种形式的变更控制。 任何范围变更都要走正式的变更控制流程。

    99、 敏捷项目的第三次迭代正在进行中。相关方对团队到目前为止所取得的进展并不满意。相关方与团队取得联系,并要求团队从现在起告知她他们正在进行的工作的状态。服务领袖应该如何回应?
    The third iteration of an agile project is underway. A stakeholder is not happy with the progress the team made so far. The stakeholder approaches the team and requests that from now on the team informs her about the status of their work on an ongoing basis. How should a servant leader respond?

    •  A :邀请相关方参加每日站会、迭代审查和回顾 Invite the stakeholder to the daily standups, iteration reviews, and retrospectives

    •  B :向相关方解释敏捷项目不鼓励进度监督 Explain to the stakeholder that agile projects discourage progress monitoring

    •  C : 建议相关方定期审查信息发射源 Suggest that the stakeholder periodically reviews the information radiators

    •  D :向相关方提供绩效测量基准 Provide the stakeholder with the performance measurement baseline

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P152 章节:术语表 信息发射源它是一种可见的实物展示其向组织内其他成员提供信息在不干扰团队的情况下即时实现知识共享。信息发射源一般包括看板、燃尽图、燃起图、障碍日志等 相关方去看信息发射源也能起到同样作用还不干扰团队。A回顾会不需要。

    100、 为解决具有挑战性的客户请求,启动了一个项目。该项目必须在短时间内交付。项目经理应该怎么做来尽可能提高项目的成功率?
    In order to solve a challenging customer request, a project has started .The project must be delivered in a short time. What should the project manager do to maximize the success rate of the project?

    •  A :安排采购会议,加快采购 To arrange a procurement meeting to speed up the process of procurement

    •  B :将问题上报给项目发起人 To report the issue to the project sponsor

    •  C :开始执行项目活动 To start executing the project activities

    •  D : 与团队一起制定详细计划 To work with the team to develop a detailed plan

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P86 章节:4.2.3.1 项目管理计划项目管理计划是说明项目执行、监控和收尾方式的一份文件,它整合并综合了所有子管理计划和基准,以及管理项目所需的其他信息。 详细计划能让项目成功率提高AC直接执行、B上报领导不对

    101、 在新项目启动会议期间,因为项目将需要采购新设备,生产经理拒绝接受批准的章程。项目经理通知项目发起人,由于生产经理缺席,章程未能包括设备采购。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
    During the start of the new project, the production manager refuses to accept the approved Charter because the project would require the procurement of new equipment.The project manager informs the project sponsor that the Charter fails to include equipment procurement due to the absence of the production manager. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :与客户一起审查生产经理关切的问题 To review the concerns of the production manager with customer

    •  B : 记录生产经理关切的问题,并在项目启动大会之后获得他们的支持 To record the concerns of the production manager and get their support after the project kick-off meeting

    •  C :开展另一项成本效益分析,包括生产经理的反馈 To conduct another cost-benefit analysis, including feedback from the production managers

    •  D :向生产经理解释设备成本不会影响项目业务价值 Explain to the production manager that equipment costs will not affect the business value of the project

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P530 章节:13.4 监督相关方参与:监督项目相关方关系,并通过修订参与策略和计划来引导相关方合理参与项目的过程。 相关方抵制项目,使用相关方的管理方法来进行管理。

    102、 一名新项目经理必须了解项目相关方在项目中的利益、关系、期望和影响。项目经理需要根据这些关系建立联系。下列哪一项将帮助项目经理完成这项工作?
    A new project manager must gain an understanding of stakeholders’ interests, relations, expectations, and influence on a project. The project manager must also leverage relation build coalitions. What will help the project manager accomplish this?

    •  A : 相关方分析 Stakeholder analysis

    •  B :人际关系技巧 Interpersonal skills

    •  C :分析技术 Analytical techniques

    •  D :相关方参与度评估矩阵 Stakeholders engagement assessment matrix

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.3 相关方分析会产生相关方清单和关于相关方的各种信息,例如,在组织内的位置、在项目中的角色、与项目的利害关系、期望、态度(对项目的支持程度),以及对项目信息的兴趣。 利益、关系、期望、影响

    103、 敏捷项目负责人希望确保产品愿景在整个项目过程中不会在团队成员的脑海中消失。对于敏捷领导者来说,实现这个目标的最佳方式是什么?
    An agile project leader wants to ensure that the product vision does not fade away in the team members' minds throughout the course of the project. Which of the following would be the best way for the agile leader to achieve that goal?

    •  A :在启动会议上提出产品愿景声明 Present the product vision statement at the kickoff meeting

    •  B :将产品愿景声明显示为信息发射源 Display the product vision statement as an information radiator

    •  C :将产品愿景声明邮件给所有项目相关方 Email the product vision statement to all project stakeholders

    •  D : 在每次迭代开始时传达产品愿景 Re-communicate the product vision at the beginning of each iteration

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P216 章节:6.5.2.8 敏捷发布规划基于项目路线图和产品发展愿景,提供了高度概括的发布进度时间轴(通常是 3 到 6个月)。同时,敏捷发布规划还确定了发布的迭代或冲刺次数,使产品负责人和团队能够决定需要开发的内容,并基于业务目标、依赖关系和障碍因素确定达到产品放行所需的时间。 产品愿景需要不断声明。

    105、 在一个软件开发项目的执行阶段,一些海外开发成员加入团队,项目经理应首先更新哪一项内容?
    In the execution phase of a software development project, some overseas development members join in the team. Which item should the project manager update in the first place?

    •  A :范围管理计划 Scope Management Plan

    •  B :沟通管理计划 Communication Management Plan

    •  C :项目进度计划 Project Schedule

    •  D : 资源管理计划 Resource Management Plan

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P318 章节:9.1.3.1 资源管理计划,角色与职责:角色,职权 ,职责,能力 团队成员属于资源,首先应该先更新资源管理计划。

    106、 一个实施企业资源规划(ERP)软件的项目已经完成。项目经理希望将可交付成果的所有权移交给 IT 部门。为确保可交付成果的验收,项目经理应查阅哪一份文件?
    A project to implement enterprise planning (ERP) software has been completed. The project manager wants to transfer ownership of the deliverables to the IT department.What document should the project management reference to ensure acceptance of the deliverable?

    •  A : 范围管理计划 Scope management plan

    •  B :沟通管理计划 Communications management plan

    •  C :需求文件 Requirements documentation

    •  D :项目章程 Project charter

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P165 章节:5.5.1.1 范围管理计划:项目管理计划定义了如何正式验收已经完成的可交付成果。 C需求文件也是输入,但是不符合题干说的确保验收的说法。

    107、 一个组织决定逐渐从传统方法过渡到混合方法,然后是敏捷方法。一家咨询公司被聘请来领导这一过程并为管理层提供建议。为了开始这个过程,顾问强调,随着这个转变,项目领导者的角色必须从命令和控制自顶向下的方法变更为敏捷服务型领导。这种转变对项目负责人的日常工作意味着什么
    An organization has decided to gradually transition from traditional methods to hybrid and then agile. A consulting firm has been hired to lead the process and advise management. To start the process, the consultant emphasizes that with this transition, the role of project leaders will have to change from command and control top-down approach to agile servant leadership. What will this transition mean for the project leaders in their day-to-day work?

    •  A :将任务分配给团队、监督和控制项目工作 Assigning tasks to the team, monitoring and controlling project work

    •  B :管理产品待办事项列表中指定的用户故事和任务 Managing user stories and tasks specified in the product backlog

    •  C : 为团队设定方向,提供指导,促进工作 Setting the direction for the team, providing guidance, facilitating work

    •  D :不需要变更,因为领导者的角色保持不变 No change will be required since the leader's role remains the same

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用促进者将帮助每个人各尽所能地思考和工作。促进者鼓励团队参与、理解,并对团队输出共同承担责任。促进者帮助团队创建可接受的解决方案。 在敏捷题目里,看到鼓励、促进、协作,一般都是正确的关键字。

    108、 你所负责的项目正在执行过程中,一个团队成员找到你,询问关于他的职责和工作,因为他不知道如何去完成工作。项目经理应该给他看什么?
    The project you are in charge is in execution. A team member finds you and asks about his duties and functions because he has no idea how to get the work done. What should the project manager show to him?

    •  A : 责任分配矩阵 Responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)

    •  B :人员配备管理计划 Staffing management plan

    •  C :项目管理计划 Project Management Plan

    •  D :项目组织机构图 Project organization chart

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P317 章节:9.1.2.2 责任分配矩阵展示项目资源在各个工作包中的任务分配.矩阵图能反映与每个人相关的所有活动,以及与每项活动相关的所有人员,它也可确保任何一项任务都只有一个人负责,从而避免职权不清。 角色(人)跟职责(活)之间的关系,找责任分配矩阵。

    109、 在一个为期12个月的项目中,供应商通知项目经理所需的项目设备将被延迟,经过进一步调查后,项目经理得知该供应商在业绩表现方面口碑不佳。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
    One month into a 12-month project,a vendor informs the project manager that required project equipment will be delayed.After further investigation,the project manager learns that this vendor has a reputation for under performing.What should the project manager have done to prevent this?

    •  A :检查更新后的风险登记册和问题日志 Check the updated risk register and issue log

    •  B :在供应商名单中添加备份供应商 Added a backup vendor to vendor list

    •  C :在进度计划基准中包含应急缓冲 Include a contingency buffer in the schedule baseline

    •  D : 查看其它项目的经验教训文档 Reviewed the lessons learned documents from other projects

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P484 章节:12.2.1.2 经验教训登记册:在项目早期获取的与实施采购有关的经验教训,可用于项目后期阶段,以提高本过程的效率。 实施采购之前,先看这家供应商之前的口碑,以避免问题。

    110、 一名项目经理被委任到正在执行的工程项目上。刚上任不久,他发现负责与客户沟通的玛丽经常抱怨客户对报告太挑剔,经常要求她对报告返工。项目经理应该首先做什么?
    A project manager is appointed to a project under construction. Shortly after assuming this position, he finds that Mary, a member who is responsible for communicating with clients, often complains that a client is too picky about the report and often asks her to revise. What should the project manager do in the first place?

    •  A :对玛丽进行报告编写技能的培训 To provide a training of report writing for Mary

    •  B : 向客户了解不满和要求 To know the dissatisfaction and requirements from the customer

    •  C :告诉客户不要太挑剔 To tell the customer not to be too picky

    •  D :让更能干的团队成员替代玛丽编写报告 To replace Mary with more capable member to write the report

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P534 章节:13.4.2.4 反馈和演示:反馈用于确保发送给相关方的信息被接收和理解,演示为相关方提供清晰的信息。 先了解客户对报告不满意的的原因,再收集相关需求

    111、 由于缺乏相关方的支持,虽然项目和预算均已获得批准,但项目经理无法获得资源。项目经理应该做什么?
    Due to a lack of stakeholder support,a project manager with an approval project and budget is unable to certain resources.What should the project manager do?

    •  A :将问题升级上报给上级管理层 Escalate the issue to upper management

    •  B : 执行相关方分析,并举行开工会议,让相关方参与其中 Perform a stakeholder analysis,and hold a kick-off meeting to engage stakeholders

    •  C :在下一次项目状态会议上要求相关方提供更好的支持 Demand better stakeholder support at the next status meeting

    •  D :将问题和减轻计划添加到风险日志中,并通知发起人 Add the issue and the mitigation plan to the risk log,and notify the sponsor.Escalate the issue to upper management

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P504 章节:13 引导相关方参与: 为提高成功的可能性,应该在项目章程被批准、项目经理被委任,以及团队 开始组建之后,尽早开始识别相关方并引导相关方参与。 尽早地识别,并引导相关方参与,可以提高项目成功的可能性

    112、 在高科技产品开发中,为了保证产品成功,在产品最终定型之前,通常要进行大量的测试工作。这种做法被认为是高科技产品开发项目风险管理的有效方法,尽管增加测试会增加项目成本。这属于哪种风险应对策略?
    In the development of hi-tech products, to ensure that the product is commercially successful, a number of tests is usually carried out before the final type approval. This practice is believed to be an effective instrument for the risk management of hi-tech product development project, even though more tests means higher project cost. Which kind of risk response strategy does this belong to?

    •  A :风险接受 Risk acceptance

    •  B :风险转移 Risk transfer

    •  C :风险规避 Risk avoidance

    •  D : 风险缓解 Risk mitigation

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P443 章节:11.5.2.4 减轻采用较简单的流程进行更多次测试选用更可靠的卖方原型开发在一个系统中加入冗余部件 进行更多的测试属于减轻。

    113、 一名初级项目经理被指派到一个新启动的项目,高级项目经理指示该初级项目经理去识别在项目中享有既得利益的人员。 高级项目经理让初级项目经理创建的是下列哪一项?
    A junior project manager is assigned to a newly initiated project, and the senior project manager instructs the junior project manager to identify the person who has a vested interest in the project. Which of the following items is created by the senior project manager for the junior project manager?

    •  A :相关方管理计划 Related party management plan

    •  B :项目团队清单 List of project teams

    •  C :项目批准人清单 List of project approver

    •  D : 相关方登记册 Relevant party registers

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P514 章节:13.1.3.1 相关方登记册:身份信息、评估信息、相关方分类。 识别完相关方更新相关方登记册

    116、 在管理当前项目的时候,非常重要的一点是要运用从以往项目上积累的经验教训来提高项目管理的水平。因此在结束项目或阶段程序中,回顾下列哪项是比较重要的?
    When managing current projects, it is important to use lessons learned from previous projects to improve the organization’s project management process. Therefore, in Close Project or Phase, it is important to review the-

    •  A :曾发生过的中等程度的风险 Secondary risks that occurred

    •  B : 风险核对单 Checklists for risk identification

    •  C :工作分解结构词典 WBS dictionary

    •  D :团队成员简历 Team members’ curriculum vitae

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P413 章节:11.2.1.6 组织过程资产会影响识别风险过程的组织过程资产包括(但不限于):项目文档,包括实际数据;组织和项目的过程控制资料;风险描述的格式;以往类似项目的核对单。 核对单属于重要的组织过程资产。

    118、 由于一种新的致命病毒在全球范围内爆发,世界卫生组织(WHO)向制药公司发出招标,要求它们开发针对这种病毒的疫苗。目标很明确--防止病毒传播。但是,解决方案还远未确定。然而,一旦疫苗开发出来,审批过程就会非常正式和有条理。什么项目管理方法最适合该项目?
    Due to the worldwide outbreak of a new deadly virus, the World Health Organization (WHO) issues a bid for pharmaceutical companies to develop a vaccine against the virus. The goal is clear - preventing the virus from spreading. The solution, though, is far from being defined. However, once the vaccine is developed, the approval process is very formal and structured. What project management approach is best for this project?

    •  A : 混合式 Hybrid

    •  B :敏捷式 Agile

    •  C :预测式 Predictive

    •  D :任何方法 Any

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P26 章节:3.1.6 混合生命周期的特征:对于整个项目,没有必要使用单一的方法。为达到特定的目标,项目经常要结合不同的生命周期要素。预测、迭代、增量和/或敏捷方法的组合就是一种混合方法。 因为技术完全不确定,开发过程应该使用适应型,而审批过程使用瀑布型

    119、 客户所用的软件应用程序已有10个年头,但仍需要该软件支持其业务流程,关联项目相关方认为文件已过时,并需要更换,以便满足当前的信息技术标准。一名项目经理被任命制作商业论证书。商业论证书将用来确定下列哪一项?The customer’s ten year-old software application is still needed to support its business process. The key stakeholders decide that the software is outdated and needs to be replaced current information technology standards. A project manager is assigned to develop a business case. What will the business case be used to determine?

    •  A :整个项目的成本The cost of the whole project

    •  B :项目相关方的决策是否正确Whether stakeholders decision is correct or not

    •  C : 项目是否值得进行投资Whether the project is worth investing or not

    •  D :整个项目的持续时间The duration of the entire project

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P77 章节:4.1.1.1 商业论证:经批准的商业论证或类似文件是最常用于制定项目章程的商业文件。商业论证从商业视角描述必要的信息,并且据此决定项目的期望结果是否值得所需投资。 商业论证包括商业需求成本效益分析

    120、 在项目开始时,项目经理被要求准备一份快速、高层次成本估算。该项目经理之前从事过一个具有类似规模和复杂性的项目。项目经理应使用下列哪项工具或技术准备估算?
    At the beginning of a project, a project manager is asked to prepare a quick, high-level cost estimate. The project manager previously worked on a project of similar size and complexity. What tools and techniques should the project manager use to develop the estimate?

    •  A :三点估算和质量成本(COQ) Three-points estimating and cost of quality (COQ)

    •  B :卖方投标分析和群体决策技术 Vendor bid analysis and group decision-making techniques

    •  C : 专家判断和类比估算 Expert judgment and analogous estimating

    •  D :自下而上估算和储备分析 Bottom-up estimating and reserve analysis

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P244 章节:7.2.2.2 成本类比估算使用以往类似项目的参数值或属性来估算。项目的参数值和属性包括范围、成本、预算、持续时间和规模指标,类比估算以这些项目参数值或属性为基础来估算当前项目的同类参数或指标。 一般题目中出现粗略、需要快速估算、量级字眼,都是选择类比估算

    121、 你当前的项目刚刚完成了使用预测性项目管理方法的阶段。下一阶段的性质要求项目团队使用敏捷。你希望授权团队进行这种转换,并确保团队成员理解他们的角色和职责将如何变更。首先你应该做什么?
    Your current project has just completed a phase that used a predictive project management approach. The nature of the next phase requires that the project team will utilize agile. You want to empower the team for this transition and ensure that the team members understand how their roles and responsibilities will change. What should you do first?

    •  A : 与团队合作,确定目标,以便他们可以围绕阶段的目标进行参与和共同努力 Work with the team to define the purpose so they can engage and coalesce around the goal for the phase

    •  B :使用网络实施解决方案,为项目团队消除障碍、阻碍和破坏性 Use network to implement solutions to remove impediments, obstacles, and blockers for the project team

    •  C :确定所有项目相关方的沟通方法、渠道、频率和详细级别 Determine communication methods, channels, frequency, and level of detail for all project stakeholders

    •  D :根据外部业务环境的变更评估和确定对项目待办事项列表的影响的优先级 Assess and prioritize impact on project 待办事项列表 based on changes in the external business environment

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P49 章节:5.1 敏捷项目章程:我们为什么要做这个项目?这是项目愿景。谁会从中受益?如何受益?这可能是项目愿景和/或项目目标的一部分。对此项目而言,达到哪些条件才意味着项目完成?这些是项目的发布标准。我们将怎样合作?这说明预期的工作流。 新阶段的敏捷项目,需要项目章程先启动。

    122、 在被要求比预期时间更早地完成项目的行政收尾时,项目经理应该做什么?
    What should a project manager do when asked to complete a project's administrative closure earlier than expected?

    •  A :重定需求规范的基准 Re-baseline the requirements specifications

    •  B :确保项目文档已存档 Ensure that project documentation is archive

    •  C :更新问题日志 Update the issue log

    •  D : 提交变更请求 Submit a change request

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB 改变了进度基准,需要提交变更请求。

    123、 一家公司将更换使用了10年、不再符合市场需求基于旧平台的集成系统。在项目规划期间,管理人员将一个更灵活的价格结构作为关键需求。高级管理人员还未决定如何满足这项需求,但是同意该需求的战略正确性。在项目执行期间,价格结构的变更将要求频繁的返工和重新测试。下列哪项项目计划元素能够系统的解决这些问题?
    A company will be replacing its integrated systems after 10 years of service from a legacy platform that on longer meets market needs. During project planning, managers identify a more flexible pricing structure as a key requirement. Senior managers have not yet decided how to meet this requirement but agree it is strategically correct. During project execution, changes in the pricing structure will require frequent rework and retesting. Which of the following is an element of the project plan that addresses this in a systemic way?

    •  A :项目变更需要获得高级管理人员批准的质量政策 A quality policy requiring project changes to be approved by senior managers

    •  B :能够从新需求中识别风险的风险应对计划 A risk response plan that would identify risks from new requirements

    •  C :实施价格结构变更的人员增加计划 A staff augmentation plan to implement pricing structure changes

    •  D : 具有详细实施需求的范围说明书 A scope statement with detailed requirements for implementation

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P151 章节:5.3 定义范围:在收集需求过程中识别出的所有需求未必都包含在项目中,定义范围过程就要从需求文件中选取最终的项目需求,然后制定出关于成果的详细描述。准备好详细的项目范围说明书,对项目成功至关重要。 定义范围的作用

    126、 公司授权一个内部Scrum项目为高级管理层开发一个报告工具。由于预算有限,公司要求技术主管同时担任产品负责人。主管与管理层一起开发用户故事。在冲刺审查中,管理代表感到失望,因为工具不是他们所期望的。技术主管今后的最佳行动方案是什么?
    A company authorizes an internal scrum project to develop a reporting tool for senior management. Due to a limited budget, the company requests the technical lead to also act as a product owner. The lead works with the management to develop user stories. At the sprint review, the management representative is disappointed as the tool is not what they expected. What is the technical lead’s best course of action going forward?

    •  A :让Scrum主管替产品负责人填写 Ask the scrum master to fill in for the product owner

    •  B :将产品负责人的职责委派给团队成员 Delegate the product owner responsibilities to the team members

    •  C : 要求公司提供专门的产品负责人 Ask the company to provide a dedicated product owner

    •  D :继续履行技术领导和产品负责人的职责 Continue to perform the duties of both the technical lead and product owner

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner:创建待办列表并排序、确认工作优先顺序、提供反馈、指导开发方向。 PO的角色不可或缺,应该由单独的人来负责。

    127、 项目经理完成了一个重要的IT部署项目,项目经理和发布经理确认,所有系统都在正常运行且质量保证团队已经验证这些功能。通知客户之后,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
    The project manager completed an important IT deployment project. The project manager and release manager confirmed that all systems were in normal operation and the QA team has verified these functions. What should the project manager do next after the customer is notified?

    •  A :将经验教训更新到组织知识库中 Update lessons learned into the organizational knowledge base

    •  B :更新风险登记册、项目相关方和项目团队成员 Update risk register, project stakeholders and project team members

    •  C :关闭采购计划 Close the procurement plan

    •  D : 确认并完成发布文档 Confirm and complete the publication documents

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P165 章节:5.5.1.2 质量报告的内容可包括由团队管理或需上报的全部质量保证事项、改进建议,以及在控制质量过程中发现的情况的概述。在验收产品之前,需要查看所有这些内容。 质量保证团队已经完成检验,接下来发布质量报告,通知客户验收

    128、 相关方经常打电话和发邮件给开发团队以获取项目的状态,从而对团队的进展产生负面影响。敏捷教练应该如何处理这种情况?
    A stakeholder frequently calls and emails the development team to get status on the project, thus negatively affecting the team progress. How should an agile coach handle this situation?

    •  A :将该问题升级上报给项目发起人 Escalate the issue the project sponsor

    •  B : 指导相关方进行适当的敏捷实践 Guide the stakeholder on proper agile practices

    •  C :将相关方引荐给产品负责人 Direct the stakeholder to the product owner

    •  D :让团队决定如何处理此问题 Let the team decide on how to handle this issue

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P73 章节:6.1.2 变革就绪情况:积极明确的管理层支持;变革管理实践,包括沟通和引导;逐个项目应用敏捷实践向团队增量地引入敏捷实践;以及通过采取适用的敏捷技术和实践示范引导。 组织的变革,需要管理层的支持以及敏捷教练的不断实践。D,团队不解决对外沟通的问题。

    129、 项目团队已经互相介绍并知晓知道项目的含义。团队接下来要经历哪两个阶段?(选择两项)
    The project team has been introduce to each other and are aware of the what the project will be about. What 2 phases will the team go through next? (Choose 2)

    •  A : 规范阶段 Norming

    •  B :形成阶段 Forming

    •  C : 震荡阶段 Storming

    •  D :解散阶段 Adjourning

    •  E :成熟阶段 Performing

    正确答案:A,C 你的答案:A,C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P338 章节:9.4 塔克曼阶梯理论:形成阶段、震荡阶段、规范阶段、成熟阶段、解散阶段。 互相介绍,属于形成阶段,接下来应该是震荡阶段和规范阶段。

    130、 一个成本控制敏感项目团队分布在三个位置——存在时区、语言、沟通问题。若要解决这些问题,项目经理应该怎么做?
    A cost-control-sensitive project has teams in three locations-with time-zone, language and communication issues. What should the project manager do to manage these issues?

    •  A :召开定期的视频会议 Hold periodic video-conferencing meetings

    •  B : 使用电子邮件让沟通可跟踪 Make communications traceable using email

    •  C :使用拉式沟通方法 Use the pull communication method

    •  D :确保关键任务分配给处于单独位置的团队 Ensure that critical tasks are assigned to a single location

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P374 章节:10.1.2.5 互动沟通,诸如会议、电话、即时信息、社交媒体 和视频会议等沟通工件。推式沟通,信件、备忘录、报告、电子邮件、传真、语音邮件、博客、新闻稿。拉式沟通,门户网站、企业内网、电子在线课程、经验教训数据库或知识库 时区、语言、沟通都存在问题,同时成本敏感,电子邮件会适合一些。

    131、 在每日站会上,开发团队的两名成员开始争论来自WBS的一个特定的工作包是否已经满足了被认为是完整的要求。项目团队的两名成员都将被闲置,直到达成解决方案。在会议结束之前,项目经理首先应该做什么?
    During a daily standup meeting, two members of the development team begin arguing over whether or not a particular work package from the WBS has met requirements to be considered complete. Both project team members will be idled until a resolution can be reached. Before adjourning the meeting, what should the project manager do first?

    •  A :审查需求文件 Review the requirements documentation

    •  B :参阅需求跟踪矩阵 Refer to the requirements traceability matrix

    •  C :执行确认范围过程 Perform the Validate Scope process

    •  D : 在问题日志中记录障碍 Record the impediment in the issue log

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P54 章节:5.2.4 为每日站会规定时间盒,不超出 15 分钟。站会是为了发现存在问题,而不是解决它们。将问题添加到停车场区,然后创建另一次会议,它可以在站会之后立即召开,并在会上解决问题。 每日站会不解决问题。

    132、 一个团队误解了项目早期阶段记录的一个产品功能。在当前迭代期间,该功能尚未被开发,但是业务代表已提到缺陷。项目经理应该如何进行?
    A team misunderstood one product functionality documented in an earlier stage of the project. During the current iteration, the functionality has not yet been developed, but a business representative has mentioned the deficiency. How should the project manager proceed?

    •  A :功能已经得到正式批准,所以开始变更管理过程。 The functionality was formally approved, so initiate the change management process.

    •  B : 安排一次会议,以与项目团队和业务代表对该功能进行讨论和头脑风暴。 Schedule a meeting to discuss and brainstorm the functionality with the project team and business representative.

    •  C :通过将问题上报给项目发起人来确保问题得到解决,项目发起人应该与代表讨论问题。 Ensure that the issue is addressed by escalating it to the project sponsor, who should discuss it with the representative.

    •  D :继续当前的冲刺,从而认识到将在测试阶段识别问题。 Continue with the current sprint, recognizing that the issue will be identified during the testing phase.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P528 章节:13.3.2.5 会议决策;问题解决;经验教训和回顾总结;项目开工;迭代规划;状态更新。 管理相关方参与需要尽可能当面与其沟通并达成一致

    133、 在与相关方开会以准备项目章程时,就项目的收益和组织的战略目标进行讨论,项目经理应该做什么?
    When meeting with relevant parties to prepare the project charter, discuss the benefits of the project and the strategic goals of the organization, what should the project manager do?

    •  A :更新商业论证以满足组织的战略 Update business case to meet the organization's strategy

    •  B : 建议将项目效益与组织的战略目标保持一致 It is recommended that project benefits be aligned with the organization's strategic goals

    •  C :继续制定项目章程以纳入项目效益 Continue to develop project charters to incorporate project benefits

    •  D :通过请求项目发起人帮助完成项目章程来重定会议方向 Reorient the meeting by asking the project sponsor to help complete the project charter

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P78 章节:4.1.1.1 项目章程包含来源于商业文件中的相关项目信息。既然商业文件不是项目文件,项目经理就不可以对它们进行更新或修改,只可以提出相关建议。 项目经理不能更新或修改,只可以提出建议

    134、 一个为期两年的项目完成了50%,进度绩效指数1.051和成本绩效指数为1.02。一个新的项目进入投资组合,被视为一个优先级并且高于当前的项目。因此,目前项目失去了三个关键资源。尽管资源紧张,但是高级主管仍然要求项目经理按时完成项目,并且按照预算且不会有额外的资源补给。 项目经理应该怎样做?
    A two-year project is 50% complete has a schedule performance index of 1.051and a cost performance index of 1.02, A new project enters the portfolio and is deemed a higher priority than the current project. As a result, the current project loses three key resources. Despite tossing resources, the project manager is asked by senior management to complete the project on time and within budget without additional resources. What should do next?

    •  A :执行资源平衡 executive resources balance

    •  B :赶工 crashing

    •  C :变更项目基准 change the project baseline

    •  D : 实施偏差分析 implements deviation analysis

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P262 章节:7.4.2.2 偏差分析:可开展偏差分析,来识别成本基准与实际项目绩效之间的差异;然后可以实施进一步的分析,以判定偏离进度基准的原因和程度,并决定是否需要采取纠正或预防措施。 先进行偏差分析,再确认是否要采取纠正或预防措施。ABC都是措施。

    135、 一家公司正在执行一个关键项目,而该项目可能极大影响到公司的收入。首席执行官非常关注项目成功,并承诺分配所有必要资源。 该首席执行官的参与程度应如何分类?
    A company is working on a critical project that could greatly impact company revenues. The CEO has high interest in the project’s success, and is committed to assigning all necessary resources. What should the CEO’s level of engagement be classified?

    •  A :管理 managing

    •  B : 领导 Leading

    •  C :参与 Engaging

    •  D :支持 Supportive

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P521 章节:13.2.2.5 相关方参与度评估矩阵:不了解型,不知道项目及其潜在影响。抵制型,知道项目但抵制。中立型,了解项目,但中立。支持型,了解项目,并支持。领导型,了解项目及其潜在影响,而且积极参与以确保目取得成功。 了解项目及其潜在影响,而且积极参与确保项目成功。

    136、 一个项目在拥有矩阵式组织结构的公司中启动。没有招聘权限的项目经理可以通过下列哪一项获得项目团队?
    A project is instantiated within a company that has a matrix organizational manager with no hiring authority, could acquire a project team by doing which of the following?

    •  A :与公司管理层交流 Network with the companys management

    •  B : 与职能经理协商 Neonate with functional managers

    •  C :劝说团队成员加入项目 Persuade team members to join the project

    •  D :与项目发起人沟通 Communicate with the project sponsor

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页 码:P332 章节:9.3.2.2 谈判:职能经理。确保项目在要求的时限内获得最佳资源,直到完成职责。执行组织中的其他项目管理团队。 合理分配稀缺或特殊资源。外部组织和供应商。提供合适的、稀缺的、特殊的、合格的、经认证的或其他特殊的团队或实物资源。特别需要注意与外部谈判有关的政策、惯例、流程、指南、法律及其他标准。 获取资源,优先谈判

    138、 在识别和了解项目风险过程中,项目团队希望通过图形化方式表现风险。这些关键元素包括决策、不确定元素、因果关系和目标。团队应使用哪种类型的风险图解技术?
    While working to identify and understand risk in the project, the project team would like to graphically represent risks by displaying essential including decisions, uncertainties, causality and objectives. The team should use what type of risk diagramming technique?

    •  A :章程图 Charter diagram

    •  B :帕累托图 Pareto diagram

    •  C :德尔菲图 Delphi diagram

    •  D : 影响图 Influence diagram

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P436 章节:11.4.2.5 影响图影响图是不确定条件下决策制定的图形辅助工具。它将一个项目或项目中的一种情境表现为一系列实体、结果和影响,以及它们之间的关系和相互影响。 决策、影响、关系、目标。

    139、 项目经理开始对一个新项目进行最初的计划。在审查了项目章程并与项目发起人和关键相关方交谈之后,项目经理选择了一个可预测的项目生命周期。 这种生命周期的选择将如何影响项目的实施方式?(选择三个)
    A project manager begins the initial planning of a new project. After reviewing the project charter and speaking with the project sponsor and key stakeholders, the project manager selects a predictive project life cycle. How will the selection of this life cycle shape the way the project is carried out? (Choose three)

    •  A :成本和时间将是固定的,项目范围将允许变化。 Cost and time will be fixed, and the project scope will be allowed to vary.

    •  B : 需求将在项目开始前确定。 The requirements will be determined upfront before the project execution begins.

    •  C :业务价值将经常交付给客户,而不仅仅是在项目结束时。 Business value will be delivered to the customer frequently rather than just at the end of the project.

    •  D : 一个单一的最终产品将在项目结束时交付。 A single final product will be delivered at the end of the project.

    •  E : 变化将受到尽可能大的限制。 Changes will be constrained to the extent possible.

    •  F :任何更改都将在整个项目中受到欢迎,并为客户的利益而加以利用。 Any changes will be welcomed throughout the project and harnessed for the benefit of the customer.

    正确答案:B,D,E 你的答案:B,D,E

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P20 章节:3.1.1 预测型生命周期的特征高确定性的明确的需求(B)项目活动通常以顺序方式执行团队需要详细的计划尽可能减少预测型项目的变更(E)通常不会在项目结束前交付商业价值(D) A错误CF是敏捷项目的特征

    140、 两名项目团队成员一直对产品设计意见不一致。即使经过多次尝试,项目经理仍无法解决这个问题,项目现在落后于进度计划。项目经理应该使用什么冲突解决技术来立即解决这个问题?
    Two project team members continually disagree on product design. Despite several attempts, the project manager is unable to resolve the issue, and the project is now behind schedule. What conflict resolution technique should the project manager use to immediately resolve this issue?

    •  A :缓和/包容 Smooth/accommodate

    •  B :妥协/调解 Compromise/reconcile

    •  C :撤退/回避 Withdraw/avoid

    •  D : 强迫/命令 Force/direct

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P349 章节:9.5.2.1 强迫/命令以牺牲其他方为代价,推行某一方的观点;只提供赢 — 输方案。通常是利用权力来强行解决紧急问题,这种方法通常会导致“赢输”局面。 之前没有解决,现在需要立即解决此问题,因此选择强迫

    141、 在收到一个关系稳固的客户签署的协议之前,项目经理假定项目具有激进的完成日期。项目经理下一步应该做什么?
    Prior to receiving a signed agreement from a steady customer,a project manager assumes a project with an aggressive completion date.What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :让更多项目资源参与,以满足完成日期 Engage resources to meet the completion date

    •  B :创建应急储备以允许对进度计划赶工 Create a contingency reserve to allow for schedule crashing

    •  C : 获得项目发起人的授权以开始该项目 Obtain authorization from the project sponsor to begin the project

    •  D :与客户开会,加快项目协议的谈判 Meet with the customer to expedite negotiation of the project agreement

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.1 项目章程是由项目启动者或发起人发布的,正式批准项目成立,并授权项目经理使用组织资源开展项目活动的文件。它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息 项目要在章程正式批准后才能正式开始。

    143、 在一次会议中,两名与会者开始辩论上次会议的一个主要议题。更多的参与者加入并开始争论。辩论不断升级,对话越来越偏离事先准备好的议程。为了避免进一步的分歧,你宣布剩下的议程项目将在下次会议上讨论并贸然结束会议。在这种情况下,你该做什么才能得到更好的结果?
    During a meeting, two attendees begin debating the facts of a major topic of the last meeting. More participants join in and begin arguing. The debate escalates, and conversations veer farther and farther from the prepared agenda. To avoid further discord, you announce the remaining agenda items will be discussed at the next meeting and abruptly end the meeting. What should you have done differently to have a better outcome in this situation?

    •  A : 使用更好的会议管理技能 Used better meeting management skills

    •  B :在项目执行开始之前做更多人际交往 Networked more before project execution has begun

    •  C :用肢体语言来表达你的沮丧 Used body language to express your frustration

    •  D :记录要执行的任何操作和操作负责人 Recorded any actions to be taken and the action owner

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P386 章节:10.2.2.6 会议管理准备并发布会议议程;确保会议在规定的时间开始和结束;确保受邀并出席;切题;处理会议中的期望、问题和冲突;记录所有行动以及所分配的行动责任人。 会议准备有严重问题,若强行开会,起不到任何效果。

    144、 项目准备收尾时,团队成员识别出一个新风险,作为项目经理,应该怎么做?
    At the project closing, team members identify a new risk. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :通知项目相关方 To notify the project stakeholder

    •  B :实施风险减轻策略 To notify the project stakeholder

    •  C : 实施定性风险分析 To perform qualitative risk analysis

    •  D :制订权变计划 To draw up a contingency plan

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P419 章节:11.3 实施定性风险分析是通过评估单个项目风险发生的概率和影响以及其他特征,对风险进行优先级排序,从而为后续分析或行动提供基础的过程。 识别完风险后要定性分析

    148、 项目经理了解到主题专家(SME)正在考虑离开公司,该专家资源在其主题领域拥有深厚知识,很难被替代,为确保主题专家能在整个项目期间留在项目中,项目经理与主题专家的经理讨论可能的措施,这些措施应记录在哪些文件中?
    The project manager learned that the subject matter expert (SME) was considering leaving the company, the expert resource has deep knowledge in its subject area and is difficult to replace, to ensure that the subject matter expert can remain in the project throughout the project, the project manager discusses possible measures with the manager of the subject matter, and what documents should be recorded in these measures?

    •  A :人力资源计划 Human resources planning

    •  B : 风险登记册 Risk Register

    •  C :风险管理计划 Risk management Plan

    •  D :组织分解结构 Organizational Breakdown Structure

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P448 章节:11.5.3.3 风险登记册:商定的应对策略;实施所选应对策略所需要的具体行动;风险发生的触发条件、征兆和预警信号;实施所选应对策略所需要的预算和进度活动 商定完应对策略后,记录到风险登记册中

    149、 在敏捷团队完成三次迭代之后,项目经理确定团队在这三次迭代中的平均速度是30个故事点。还有292个故事点来完成项目的剩余部分。团队需要多少次额外的迭代才能完成项目?
    After an agile team completes three iterations, the project manager determines that the average velocity of the team for these three iterations was 30 story points. There are 292 more story points to complete the remaining portion of the project. How many additional iterations will it take for the team to complete the project?

    •  A :7次迭代 7 iterations

    •  B :8次迭代 8 iterations

    •  C :9次迭代 9 iterations

    •  D : 10次迭代 10 iterations

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P61 章节:5.4.1 敏捷团队的衡量结果:项目发起人通常想知道项目什么时候能够完成。一旦团队建立了稳定的速度(每个迭代的故事或故事点的平均数量)或平均周期时间,团队就能够预测项目将花费多长时间。292/30=9.7多出来的故事要单独迭代。

    150、 你决定向以前经常为你的公司服务的一家供货商外包合同。该供货商在履行时间表和成本效益方面记录良好,而且与你建立了良好的工作关系。你现在的项目虽然与以前的不同,但是与该供货商完成其它工作类似。在这种情况下,你应该订立什么类型的合同:
    You have decided to award a contract to a seller that has provided its services to your company frequently in the past. This seller has a good record in terms of schedule and cost performance, and your working relationship with this seller is excellent. Your current project, although somewhat different from previous projects, is similar to other work the seller has performed. In this situation, to minimize your risk you should award what type of contract?

    •  A :固定价格,附加币值调整 Fixed-price with economic price adjustment

    •  B :固定酬金(固定目标) Fixed-price incentive (firm target)

    •  C : 固定价格 Firm-fixed-price

    •  D :成本加酬金 Cost-plus-award fee

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P471 章节:12.1.1.6 总价合同:此类合同为既定产品、服务或成果的采购设定一个总价。这种合同应在已明确定义需求,且不会出现重大范围变更的情况下使用。 范围明确,要选择固定总价合同

    151、 为了应对一些计划任务上的延误,项目经理重新安排了一些后续任务的优先级以解决这个问题。重新确定优先级并没有使项目回到正轨,现在项目经理需要将问题上报给项目相关方。为了上报问题,项目经理首先应该做什么?
    In response to slippage on some scheduled tasks, the project manager reprioritized a number of subsequent tasks in order to fix the problem. The reprioritization did not put the project back on track, and now the project manager needs to escalate the issue to project stakeholders. To escalate the issue, what should the project manager do first?

    •  A : 查阅沟通管理计划。 Refer to the communications management plan.

    •  B :审查相关方参与计划。 Review the stakeholder engagement plan.

    •  C :查阅变更管理计划。 Refer to the change management plan.

    •  D :审查风险管理计划。 Review the risk management plan.

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:相关方的沟通需求;需沟通的信息,包括语言、形式、内容和详细程度;上报步骤;发布信息的原因;发布所需信息、确认已收到,或作出回应上报步骤在沟通管理计划里。

    152、 项目经理完成了某个镇上的一个项目,这个项目让公司损失100%。项目经理所在公司目前正在筹备同一个镇上另一个项目的投标建议书,管理层让项目经理提供粗略的估算,让公司可以投标该新项目。投标必须在三天内完成。在这种情况下,项目经理应提供下列哪一项估算类型?
    A project manager completes a project in a town where the company realized a loss of 100%.The project manager’s company is working on another project proposal in the same town and the management asks the project manager to come up with a rough estimate that the company can bid for the new project. The bidding must be completed within the next three days. Which of the following types of estimates should the project manager provide in this situation?

    •  A : 类比估算 Analogous

    •  B :参数估算 Parametric

    •  C :三点估算 Three-point

    •  D :准备金分析 Reserve analysis

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P244 章节:7.2.2.2 类比估算:使用以往类似项目的参数值或属性来估算。项目的参数值和属性包括(但不限于)范围、成本、预算、持续时间和规模指标(如尺寸、重量),类比估算以这些项目参数值或属性为基础来估算当前项目的同类参数或指标。 粗略、快速的估算,选择类比估算。

    153、 一位项目经理被分配到一个大型银行公司的敏捷软件开发项目。在项目刚刚开始的时候,项目经理已经了解了一些新的黑客战术,这些战术对项目的法规合规性构成了潜在的威胁。项目经理接下来应该做什么?
    A project manager is assigned to an agile software development project for a large banking corporation. With the project just getting underway, the project manager has learned about new hacking tactics that present a potential threat to regulatory compliance for the project. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :审查项目回顾期间的风险 Review the risks during the project retrospective

    •  B : 分析不合规的后果 Analyze the consequences of non-compliance

    •  C :提交变更请求以更新风险管理计划 Submit a change request to update the risk management plan

    •  D :制定累积流程图 Develop a cumulative flow diagram

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P419 章节:11.3 实施定性风险分析是通过评估单个项目风险发生的概率和影响以及其他特征,对风险进行优先级排序,从而为后续分析或行动提供基础的过程。 看到潜在的、可能的、假设的,要想到风险。识别完风险后要定性分析

    154、 在项目开展六个月后,项目经理了解到需要进行变更,而这需要增加批准的预算。项目经理应该做什么?
    Six months after the project was launched,the project manager learned that changes were needed, which required an increase in the approved budget. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :接受该变更,并通知发起人 Accept the change and notify the sponsor

    •  B : 开始变更请求过程 Initiate the change request progress

    •  C :请求财务部门提供额外资金 Ask the finance department for additional funds

    •  D :拒绝该变更,以保持项目正常运行 Reject the change to keep the project on track

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB 审批前,三步骤提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

    155、 项目经理观察到某些项目团队成员开始一起工作并调整工作习惯,但是,他们彼此不互相信任。项目经理可以得出下列哪一项关于团队的结论?
    The project manager observes that some project team, members begin to work together and adjust work habits, however, they do not trust each other. The project manager may conclude which of the following about the team?

    •  A :团队处于发展的规划阶段,很有可能前进到执行阶段。 it is in the norming stage of development and will most probably move on the performing stage.

    •  B : 团队处于发展的规范阶段,很有可能倒退回震荡阶段。 It is in the norming stage of the development and will most probably slip back to the storming stage.

    •  C :团队处于发展的震荡阶段,很好有可能前进到规划阶段。 It is in the storming stage of development and will most probably move on to the norming stage.

    •  D :团队处于发展的震荡阶段,很有可能倒退回组建阶段 It is in the storming stage of the development and will most probably slip back to the forming stage,

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P338 章节:9.4 塔克曼阶梯理论: 形成阶段、震荡阶段、规范阶段、成熟阶段、解散阶段 调整工作习惯,属于规范阶段,但是不信任,可能后退到震荡。

    158、 你和你的项目团队与来自不同国家的相关方举行见面会。会议后的反馈表明,项目团队感到相关方很冷漠,因为他们在参与对话时总是退让。然而,一些相关方认为项目团队过于强势,不尊重他们的个人空间。有什么可以帮助你避免这些观念?
    You and your project team hold a meet-and-greet with stakeholders from a different country. Feedback after the meeting indicates that your project team felt the stakeholders were distant and aloof as they kept stepping back when engaged in conversation. Whereas, some of the stakeholders thought the project team was too pushy and did not respect their personal space. What could have helped you to avoid these perceptions?

    •  A : 更好的文化意识 Better cultural awareness

    •  B :获取资源 mproved political awareness

    •  C :进行虚拟会议 Conducting the meeting virtually

    •  D :应用冲突管理技能 Applying conflict management skills

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P376 章节:10.1.2.6 文化意识指理解个人、群体和组织之间的差异。具有文化意识并采取后续行动,能够最小化因项目相关方社区内的文化差异而导致的理解错误和沟通错误。文化意识和文化敏感性有助于项目经理依据相关方和团队成员的文化差异和文化需求对沟通进行规划。 一般不同的人或组织之前有着相反的差异,都属于文化差异

    159、 你负责管理某新产品开发项目。高级管理层已经签发项目章程,批准项目计划。项目进度和预算都于十分紧张,质量要求也很高。在项目执行阶段,项目相关方一直通过项目沟通计划所规定的方法了解项目进展情况。项目的范围、进度、成本和质量都符合项目计划的要求。突然,你得知整个项目有可能被取消,因为开发的产品完全无法接受。导致这种情况的原因是什么?
    You are responsible for the management of a new product development project. The senior management has issued the project charter and approved the project plan. The project schedule and budget are very tight and the quality requirements are extremely high. In the project execution phase, the project stakeholders get to know the project progress by using the method as specified in the project communication plan. The project scope, progress, cost and quality are in line with the requirements specified in the project plan. Unexpectedly, you are told that the whole project may be cancelled because the developed product is totally unacceptable. What is the possible reason?

    •  A : 没有识别出某个关键项目相关方 The stakeholder of a key project has not yet been identified

    •  B :项目相关方误解了项目执行情况 The stakeholder misunderstands the status of project execution

    •  C :高级管理层不再支持项目 The senior management no longer supports the project

    •  D :项目遇到了技术上的重大难题 The project is stuck in a major technical problem

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P504 章节:13 项目经理和团队正确识别并合理引导所有相关方参与的能力,能决定着项目的成败。 正确识别并引导参与决定项目成败

    161、 一个项目是为了开发一个新产品,在该项目开始几周后,当地社区煽动破坏项目工作。项目经理应该做什么?
    A few weeks after a project to develop a new project begins,local community advocates disrupt project work.What should the project manager do?

    •  A :要求项目发起人与当地社区团体接洽,解释项目的收益 Ask the project sponsor to engage with local community groups to explain the project's benefits

    •  B : 将该社区作为相关方添加进相关方参与计划中 Add the community as stakeholders in the stakeholder engagement plan

    •  C :获取法律援助以重新获得项目控制权 Obtain legal assistance in regaining control of the project

    •  D :告知社区必须联系他们的当地代表 Advise the community that their local representatives must be contacted

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13为了实现项目收益,识别相关方过程需要迭代开展,至少要在以下时点开展:(1)项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段;(2) 当前相关方不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的相关方社区中出现了新的相关方成员;(3)组织内部或更大区域的相关方社区发生重大变化。出现以上三点情况时要重新识别相关方,并更新相关方登记册

    163、 项目团队担心为保持进度计划将需要过度加班。目前,一个产品部件需要花两倍时间生产。项目经理应该通过执行下列哪一项来调整这个问题?
    A project team is concerned that excessive overtime will be required to maintain the schedule currently, one product component is taking twice as long to manufacture. The project manager should investigate the issue by performing which of the following?

    •  A :风险效益分析 Risk benefit analysis

    •  B :力场分析 Force field analysis

    •  C : 根本原因分析 Root cause analysis

    •  D :成本效益分析 Cost-benefit analysis

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P111 章节:4.5.2.2 根本原因分析关注识别问题的主要原因,它可用于识别出现偏差的原因以及项目经理为达成项目目标应重点关注的领域 时间为何是2倍,需要分析根本原因

    164、 物业管理团队通知他们的现有办公大楼已经达到其容量。项目经理已经开始为新项目招募资源,包括外包提供商和一些外部承包商。项目经理应考虑下列哪一项?
    A property management team advises that their existing office building has reached its capability. A project manager has already started acquiring resources for a new project, which will include outsourced providers and a few external contractors.Which of the following should the project manager consider?

    •  A : 组建虚拟团队,从多个地点工作 Forming virtual teams working from multiple locations

    •  B :允许团队成员在远程地点工作 Allowing team members to work from remote locations

    •  C :安排团队成员在不同班次、时间或日期工作 Scheduling team members to work in different shifts, hours, or days

    •  D :提交一份请求,重新安排项目团队的工作地点 Submitting a request to relocate the project team

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P333 章节:9.3.2.4 虚拟团队的使用为招募项目团队成员提供了新的可能性。虚拟团队可定义为具有共同目标、在完成角色任务的过程中很少或没有时间面对面工作的一群人。现代沟通技术(如电子邮件、电话会议、社交媒体、网络会议和视频会议等)使虚拟团队成为可行。 大楼已满,又有很多外部资源,建议使用虚拟团队

    165、 你收到客户通知,他们公司对于你们产品的设计标准有点问题将会影响到整个系统。如果这真的发生了将会对你的项目产生大麻烦。客户一个星期之后来与你讨论你的团队能否在这方面返工。过去与这位客户都是非正式的交流,而这次他要一个正式的会议。你将如何准备这个会议?
    Your client informs you that his company has a problem with the current design specification of your product and how it will interface to existing systems. If this occurs, it could be a major problem for your project. The client is coming to your office in one week to discuss the problem to see what your team can do to overcome the setback. All previous meeting ware informal with this client, but this time he wants a formal meeting. What should you do to prepare for this meeting?

    •  A :更新进度计划并且采取一个被动的角色,因为客户没有告诉你这个潜在问题的细节是什么 Update the schedule and assume an inactive role since the client has not given you the specifics of the potential problem

    •  B :确认你的团队已经提高了生产率,让客户看到你们是多么的有效率 Make sure that the team has increased productivity so the client can see how efficient you team is performing

    •  C :通知团队成员让他们准备一份讨论议题 Assemble the team and ask them to prepare an agenda for topics to discuss

    •  D : 明确每一个成员有他们准备任何议题及所需计划的任务 Make sure that each team members have their assignments in preparation for any topics and needed plans

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P386 章节:10.2.2.6 会议管理:准备并发布会议议程;确保会议在规定的时间开始和结束;确保参与者受邀并出席;切题;处理会议中的期望、问题和冲突;记录所有行动以及所分配的行动责任人。 需要明确会议议程,包含了具体的计划和目标。

    167、 由于组织管理层的变化,一名新的项目相关方被分配到项目上。新的项目相关方请求高层级需求以及职权级别相关的信息。若要帮助该项目相关方,项目经理应查阅哪份文件?
    A new project stakeholder is assigned to the project due to changes in the organization's management. The stakeholders of a new project request high-level requirements and information concerning the level of authority. Which document should the project manager review to help the project stakeholders?

    •  A :范围管理计划 Scope Control Plan

    •  B : 项目章程 Project Charter

    •  C :项目范围说明书 Statement of Project Scope

    •  D :项目管理计划 Project Management Plan

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.1 项目章程是由项目启动者或发起人发布的,正式批准项目成立,并授权项目经理使用组织资源开展项目活动的文件。它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息 宏观、高层次、整体这些关键字要想到章程。

    168、 制定项目范围说明书之后,团队已准备好继续进行其他项目活动。项目团队要项目经理为下一个项目会议的活动和成果提供指导。项目经理接下来应该怎么做?
    After defining the project scope statement the team is ready to proceed with other project activity. The team members request the project manager to provide education about activities and outcomes for the next project session. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :列出限制团队更新项目文件选择范围的制约因素 list the project constraints that limit the team options to update project documents

    •  B :收集需求,创建需求跟踪活动资源 collects the requirement to create the requirements resource

    •  C :将活动清单排序,估算活动 sequence the activity list to estimate the activity resources

    •  D : 审查之前项目的政策,程序和经验教训,创建工作分解结构 review the policies, procedures, and lessoned from work breakdown structure

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P156 章节:5.4 创建工作分解结构(WBS )是把项目可交付成果和项目工作分解成较小、更易于管理的组件的过程。 定义范围后,创建WBS

    169、 你的项目遇到了一些不可预见的问题,并且遭遇延误。这个项目对公司至关重要,必须在规定的最后期限内完成。为了赶上最后期限,你的团队将不得不在接下来两周的周末工作。然而,你知道很多团队成员都有自己的责任,并且对他们来说连续工作七天是非常困难的。最好的选择是什么?
    Your project has faced some unforeseen issues that have delayed it. The project is very critical for the company, and it has to meet the scheduled deadline. In order to meet the deadline, your team would have to work over the weekends for the next two weeks. However, you know that many of the team members will have personal commitments, and it will be very difficult for them to work for seven consecutive days. What is the BEST option?

    •  A :聘请额外的资源并向他们介绍项目 Hire additional resources and brief them about the project

    •  B :通知客户无法满足此最后期限 Inform the customer that this deadline can't be met

    •  C : 与团队成员讨论情况,并让他们选择是否愿意加班 Discuss the situation with the team and give them the choice to willingly work overtime

    •  D :发送官方邮件,强制团队在周末工作 Send an official mail, making it compulsory for the team to work over the weekends

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P356 章节:9.6.2.1 备选方案分析有助于选择最佳解决方案以纠正资源使用偏差,可以将加班和增加团队资源等备选方案与延期交付或阶段性交付相比较,以权衡利弊。 加班和延期交付都是备选方案,需要与团队讨论对比后再做出决策。

    170、 项目已完成并获得客户批准,IT部门计划对项目进行不定期审计。项目经理应该怎么做?
    The project has been completed and approved by the customer. The IT department plans to conduct an unscheduled audit on the project. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :请求审查IT部门的质量保证政策 Request to review IT departments quality assurance policy

    •  B :告知项目发起人IT审计不是质量管理计划的一部分 Inform the project sponsor that the IT audit is not part of the quality management plan

    •  C :审查公司政策并通知涉及项目的相关方 Review the companys policies and notify the project stakeholders

    •  D : 允许审计,因为可以为项目提供更多价值 Allow auditing, because it can provide more value to the project

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P294 章节:8.2.2.5 审计:识别良好及最佳实践;识别所有违规做法、差距及不足;分享良好实践;改进过程的执行,从而帮助团队提高生产效率;强调每次审计都应对组织经验教训知识库的积累做出贡献。 审计好处多多,应该对审计持有开放的态度。

    171、 在新建水处理厂的建设过程中,政府对处理厂制定了更为严格的质量要求。项目经理接下来应该做什么?
    In the middle of the construction of a new water treatment plant, the government established more stringent water quality requirements for treatment plants. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A :根据法律要求,更新质量管理计划 Update the quality management plan due to the legal requirement

    •  B : 提交变更请求以更新质量管理计划 Submit a change request to update the quality management plan

    •  C :督促项目发起人更新项目章程 Ask the project sponsor to update the project charter

    •  D :更新范围基准以反映这些变更 Update the scope baseline to reflect the changes

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P286 章节:8.1.3.1 质量管理计划包括(但不限于)以下组成部分:项目将采用的质量标准;项目的质量目标;质量角色与职责;需要质量审查的项目;可交付成果和过程; 质量要求更严格,说明变更了质量标准,质量标准在质量管理计划

    172、 你决定要在公司中组建一个PMP考试的学习小组,邀请公司内部其他的项目经理一起参加,以此帮助大家更好地准备这次考试。由于公司总经理已经决定要奖励每个通过考试的人5000美元,所以每个人都有了很强的动力要通过考试。那么,在组织这个学习小组的过程中你要采用什么类型的沟通方式呢?
    You have decided to organize a study group of other project managers in your organization to help prepare for the PMP exam. Everyone is highly motivated to earn the credential because the CEO has decided to pay a $5,000 bonus to each person who becomes certified. What type of communication are you employing in your efforts to organize this group?

    •  A : 横向沟通 Horizontal

    •  B :向下沟通 Vertical

    •  C :正式沟通 Formal

    •  D :外部沟通 External

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P361 章节:10 层级沟通:相关方或相关方群体相对于项目团队的位置将会以如下方式影响信息传递的形式和内容:向上沟通。针对高层相关方。向下沟通。针对承担项目工作的团队和其他人员。横向沟通。针对项目经理或团队的同级人员。 学习小组成员属于同级成员,采用横向沟通。

    175、 一名有影响力的项目相关方直接要求项目团队添加产品功能,而团队也遵守该要求,项目经理在项目状态会议上获悉这些变更。 由于这些变更导致成本超支,项目经理首先应该怎么做?
    An influential project stakeholder directly asks the project team to add product features, and the team also meets this requirement, and the project manager is informed of these changes at the project status meeting. Since the changes lead to cost overruns, what should the project manager do first?

    •  A :使用应急储备支付额外成本,保持该项目相关方的参与 To use the contingency reserve to pay additional costs and keep the stakeholders involved in the project

    •  B : 要求该相关方提交变更请求供批准 To ask the stakeholder to submit a change request for approval

    •  C :更新范围说明书,包含新的功能 To update the statement of project scope with new features

    •  D :与项目发起人讨论该情况 To discuss the situation with the project sponsor

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P168 章节:5.6 范围蔓延: 控制范围过程应该与其他控制过程协调开展。未经控制的产品或项目范围的扩大(未对时间、成本和资源做相应调整)被称为范围蔓延。变更不可避免,因此在每个项目上,都必须强制实施某种形式的变更控制。 范围蔓延是指未经过正经变更流程的范围增加。必须实施强制的变更控制。

    176、 担心与项目无关的邮件数量,一名团队成员认为其中一个可交付成果将延迟,因为在读和回复邮件上花费了大量时间。项目经理应该怎么做?
    Concerned about the quantity of irrelevant project-related emails, a team member think one deliverable will be delayed, because of the time spent reading and replying to emails.What should the project manager do?

    •  A :要求团队成员加班完成工作。 Ask the team member to work overtime to complete the work.

    •  B :要求项目团队更改项目沟通管理计划。 Ask the project team to change the communications management plan.

    •  C :与项目团队一起强化时间管理计划指南。 Reinforce the time management plan guidelines with the project team.

    •  D : 与项目团队一起强化沟通管理计划指南。 Reinforce the communications management plan guidelines with the project team.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:相关方的沟通需求需沟通的信息,包括语言、形式、内容和详细程度;。。。。通用术语表 了解了通用术语表,沟通难度会大幅降低。

    177、 在项目施工阶段,供应商处发生火灾,导致原材料的供应延迟了一周,项目经理已识别到延迟的风险并包含在计划当中,发生这个事件之后,项目经理首先应该怎么做?
    During the projects construction phase, a supplier has a fire and the supply of raw material is delayed by a week, The project manager identified the risk of a delay and inclued it in the plan .After the occurrence of the event, what should the project manager do first?

    •  A : 执行风险响应计划 Carry out risk response planning

    •  B :由于材料延误,要求项目延期 Ask for an extension of the project due to delay

    •  C :更新项目基准 Update the project baseline

    •  D :更新风险登记册 Update the risk register

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P455章节:11.7.1.2 风险登记册:已识别单个项目风险风险责任人商定的风险应对策略以及具体的应对措施。 遇风险,先查册

    178、 项目经理正在对比项目预算与行业指数,项目经理注意到项目预算低于类似项目的预算,项目经理应该怎么做?
    A project manager is comparing the project budget with the industry index. The project manager noticed that the project budget was lower than the budget for similar projects. What should the project manager do?

    •  A :更新风险登记册 Update risk register

    •  B :调节资金限制 Regulate funding limit

    •  C :执行储备分析 Execute reserve analysis

    •  D : 请求专家判断 Request expert judgment

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P252 章节:7.3.2.1 专家判断应征求具备以下专业知识或接受过相关培训的个人或小组的意见:以往类似项目;来自行业、学科和应用领域的信息;财务原则;资金需求和来源。 项目经理对比的是行业信息,因此选择专家判断。储备分析与题干无关

    179、 在为一个大型项目工作时,项目经理注意到某个特征的开发人员经常错过最终期限,项目经理应该怎么做?
    In a large project, the project manager notices that a developer with certain characteristic often neglects the deadline, what should the project manager do?

    •  A :确定该开发人员是否是另一个项目的共享资源。 To ascertain if the developer is a shared resource for another project.

    •  B :通过电子邮件给该开发人员一个警告,以提高他们的工作质量。 To warn the developer by email to improve their working quality.

    •  C :将该问题升级上报给该开发人员的直线经理,并要求立即解决该问题。 To escalate the issue to his line manager and to request that the issue should be solved immediately.

    •  D : 私下与该开发人员开会,并在适用情况下提供支持。 To hold a private meeting with this developer and to provide support where applicable.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P348 章节:9.5.2.1 冲突管理首先由项目团队成员负责解决;如果冲突升级,项目经理应提供协助,促成满意的解决方案,采用直接和合作的方式,尽早并且通常在私下处理冲突如果破坏性冲突继续存在,则可使用正式程序,包括采取惩戒措施。 尽早在私下处理冲突。

    180、 为了制定一份前后一致的风险管理计划,项目经理需要考虑哪些因素?
    What will the project manager need to consider in preparing a coherent risk management plan?

    •  A :客户的风险态度以及组织过程资产 Customer risk attitude and organization process assets

    •  B : 项目管理计划和事业环境因素 Project management plan and enterprise environmental factor

    •  C :风险登记册和范围说明书 Risk register and scope statement

    •  D :潜在响应列表和项目管理计划 List of potential responses and the project management plan

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P401 章节:11.1 规划风险管理的输入: 项目章程、项目管理计划、相关方登记册、事业环境因素、组织过程资产。 项目管理计划与事业环境因素。

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  • 原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/lingbin418/article/details/125427302