oracle10g的dataguard测试

sohu老博客的看不了了，只能重新发布记录：

windows2003server+oracle10.2.0.1

1.检查归档模式

SQL> archive log list;
数据库日志模式            存档模式
自动存档             启用
存档终点            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
最早的联机日志序列     1
下一个存档日志序列   3
当前日志序列           3
SQL> select force_logging,flashback_on,db_unique_name from v$database;

FOR FLASHBACK_ON       DB_UNIQUE_NAME
--- ------------------ ------------------------------
NO  NO                 jyc
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;

数据库已更改。
SQL> select force_logging,flashback_on,db_unique_name from v$database;

FOR FLASHBACK_ON       DB_UNIQUE_NAME
--- ------------------ ------------------------------
YES NO                 jyc

2.准备listener.ora和tnsnames.ora
# listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = huasun)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )
 
#tnsnames.ora

JYC =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.205.251)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = jyc)
    )
  )
DG =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.205.251)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = dg)
    )
  )

3.停库拷贝文件：
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开

已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL>

准备windows服务（unix不需要）：
oradim -new -sid dg
拷贝密码文件：将PWDjyc.ora拷贝为D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database\PWDdg.ora
从主库创建备库的控制文件，并复制3份。
ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\CONTROL01.CTL';

主库的参数：
#modify parameters
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=jyc
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(jyc,dg)'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='dg','jyc'
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch2\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch2\'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%t_%s_%r.arc
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
 'LOCATION=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch1\
  VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
  DB_UNIQUE_NAME=jyc'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
 'SERVICE=dg LGWR ASYNC
  VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
  DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\st\'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
*.FAL_SERVER=dg
*.FAL_CLIENT=jyc

备库的参数：
#modify parameters
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(dg,jyc)'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='jyc','dg'
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch2\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch2\'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%t_%s_%r.arc
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
 'LOCATION=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch1\
  VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
  DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
 'SERVICE=jyc LGWR ASYNC
  VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
  DB_UNIQUE_NAME=jyc'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\st\'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
*.FAL_SERVER=jyc
*.FAL_CLIENT=dg

建立相应的目录。

4.准备数据
启动备库到mount状态
alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='MANUAL';
alter database rename file 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO01.LOG' to 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO01.LOG';
alter database rename file 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO02.LOG' to 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO02.LOG';
alter database rename file 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO03.LOG' to 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO03.LOG';
alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO';

主备库建standby日志（lgwr要求）
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO04.log') size 4m;
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO05.log') size 4m;
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO06.log') size 4m;
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO07.log') size 4m;

alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO04.log') size 4m;
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO05.log') size 4m;
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO06.log') size 4m;
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO07.log') size 4m;

 

5、检查主库和从库的状态：
检查数据库角色和状态
SQL> select database_role, switchover_status from v$database;

检查archive log的应用状态
SQL> SELECT SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME, APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;
SQL> select * from (SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUEN
CE# desc) t where rownum<5;

检查archive log的遗失
SQL> SELECT THREAD#, LOW_SEQUENCE#, HIGH_SEQUENCE# FROM V$ARCHIVE_GAP;

检查archive log的路径是否可用
SQL> select dest_name,status,error from v$archive_dest;

检查进程状态
select process,status from v$managed_standby;

二、测试过程

1、模式切换
1.1 启动standby database到recover manage模式
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

1.2 启动到实时日志应用模式
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
(之前需要先创建standby logfile,使用命令，同时还需要修改主库的参数LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=ALUOCP LGWR',如果不加红色部分，那么就会一直hang住，见www.itpub.net - Database Error)

1.3 切换standby database到read only模式
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
SQL>alter database open read only;

1.4 切换回recover manage模式
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

2、Switchover
2.1 在主库上
SQL>select switchover_status from v$database

2.2 switchover_status的值如果是To standby，可以直接switchover：
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;
SQL> shutdowm immediate;
SQL> startup mount;

如果是sessions active，则需要在switchover的命令后面加上with session shutdown：
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
SQL> shutdowm immediate;
SQL> startup mount;

2.3 在目标从库上
SQL> select switchover_status from v$database
switchover_status的值入股是To primary，可以直接switchover：
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;

如果是sessions active，则需要在switchover的命令后面加上with session shutdown：
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;

3、Failover
3.1 在目标从库上，检查遗失的archive log：
SQL> SELECT THREAD#, LOW_SEQUENCE#, HIGH_SEQUENCE# FROM V$ARCHIVE_GAP;

3.2 如有遗失，Copy到从库目录并应用：
SQL> ALTER DATABASE REGISTER PHYSICAL LOGFILE 'filespec1';

3.3 再次检查遗失的archive log：
SQL> SELECT UNIQUE THREAD# AS THREAD, MAX(SEQUENCE#) OVER (PARTITION BY thread#) AS LAST FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG;

3.4 关闭从库的recover模式：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database finish;
OR
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE FINISH FORCE;
OR
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database finish skip standby logfile;

3.5 切换从库为主库：
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;

4、使用Flashback恢复failover的主库
4.1 在新的主库上查询切换时候的SCN号：
SQL> SELECT standby_became_primary_scn FROM v$database;

4.2 恢复旧主库后，Mount：
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;

4.3 Flashback旧主库到步骤4.1查询得的SCN：
SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE TO SCN ;

4.4 在旧主库上，转换control file为standby control file：
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CONVERT TO PHYSICAL STANDBY;

4.5 恢复旧主库为新从库：
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;

4.6 在新主库上，设置日志传输到旧主库（新从库），并确认状态：
SQL> SELECT DEST_ID, DEST_NAME, STATUS, PROTECTION_MODE,DESTINATION, ERROR, SRL FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS;

4.7 在新主库上，归档日志到新从库：
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT;

4.8 在新从库上开启recover模式：
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
如果是real-time应用:
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

 

ITPUB

http://download-uk.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14239/create_ps.htm#i1225703

Oracle10G Physical Standby Database笔记 - Oracle数据库管理 - ITPUB论坛－专业的IT技术社区

http://tech.it168.com/db/2008-03-04/200803041243203.shtml(dg高级管理参考)
 

可能出现的问题：
当测试主备库切换后，在新主库执行切换日志，而在备库执行下面操作时，报错：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile;
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00314: 日志 4 (用于线程 1) 要求的序号 23 与 0 不匹配
ORA-00312: 联机日志 4 线程 1: 'D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO04.LOG'

解决办法：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

数据库已更改。

SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4;
alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01156: 进行中的恢复可能需要访问文件

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

数据库已更改。

SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4;

数据库已更改。

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

数据库已更改。

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

数据库已更改。