• 蓝桥杯嵌入式国赛笔记(4):多路AD采集

    1、前言

    蓝桥杯的国赛会遇到多路AD采集的情况，这时候之前的单路采集的方式就不可用了，下面介绍两种多路采集的方式。

    以第13届国赛为例

    2、方法一（配置通道）

    2.1 使用CubeMx配置 

    设置IN13与IN17为Single-ended

    在Parameter Settings中

            设置Clock Prescaler为Asynchronous clock mode divided by 2

    设置Rank-Sampling Time为640.6 Cycles

    2.2 bsp_adc.h代码编写

    1. #include "main.h"
    2.  
    3.  
    4. extern ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc2;
    5.  
    6.  
    7. void ADC2_Init(void);
    8.  
    9. uint32_t Get_Adc(void);
    10.  
    11. uint32_t Get_PA4(void);
    12. uint32_t Get_PA5(void);

    2.3 bsp_adc.c代码编写

    每次进行adc采集之前，重新配置一遍参数

    1.   ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};
    2.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_17;
    3.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
    4.   sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_640CYCLES_5;
    5.   sConfig.SingleDiff = ADC_SINGLE_ENDED;
    6.   sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
    7.   sConfig.Offset = 0;
    8.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc2, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    9.   {
    10.     Error_Handler();
    11.   }
    12.   GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    13.  
    14.   GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4;
    15.   GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
    16.   GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    17.   HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    记住不要重复进行RCC的配置，否侧会卡死

    1. //这两个，不用加了
    2. __HAL_RCC_ADC12_CLK_ENABLE();
    3.  
    4. __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

    2.3.1 完整代码

    1. #include "ADC/bsp_adc.h"
    2. /**
    3.   ******************************************************************************
    4.   * @file    adc.c
    5.   * @brief   This file provides code for the configuration
    6.   *          of the ADC instances.
    7.   ******************************************************************************
    8.   * @attention
    9.   *
    10.   * 
      © Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
    11.   * All rights reserved.
    12.   *
    13.   * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
    14.   * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
    15.   * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
    16.   *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
    17.   *
    18.   ******************************************************************************
    19.   */
    20.  
    21. /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    22.  
    23. /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
    24.  
    25. /* USER CODE END 0 */
    26.  
    27. ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc2;
    28.  
    29. /* ADC2 init function */
    30. void ADC2_Init(void)
    31. {
    32.  
    33.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 0 */
    34.  
    35.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 0 */
    36.  
    37.   ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};
    38.  
    39.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 1 */
    40.  
    41.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 1 */
    42.   /** Common config
    43.   */
    44.   hadc2.Instance = ADC2;
    45.   hadc2.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_ASYNC_DIV2;
    46.   hadc2.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
    47.   hadc2.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
    48.   hadc2.Init.GainCompensation = 0;
    49.   hadc2.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_DISABLE;
    50.   hadc2.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
    51.   hadc2.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
    52.   hadc2.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
    53.   hadc2.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
    54.   hadc2.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
    55.   hadc2.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
    56.   hadc2.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
    57.   hadc2.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE;
    58.   hadc2.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_PRESERVED;
    59.   hadc2.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
    60.   if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc2) != HAL_OK)
    61.   {
    62.     Error_Handler();
    63.   }
    64.   /** Configure Regular Channel
    65.   */
    66.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_17;
    67.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
    68.   sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_640CYCLES_5;
    69.   sConfig.SingleDiff = ADC_SINGLE_ENDED;
    70.   sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
    71.   sConfig.Offset = 0;
    72.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc2, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    73.   {
    74.     Error_Handler();
    75.   }
    76.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 2 */
    77.  
    78.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 2 */
    79.  
    80. }
    81.  
    82. void HAL_ADC_MspInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* adcHandle)
    83. {
    84.  
    85.   GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    86.   if(adcHandle->Instance==ADC2)
    87.   {
    88.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspInit 0 */
    89.  
    90.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspInit 0 */
    91.     /* ADC2 clock enable */
    92.     __HAL_RCC_ADC12_CLK_ENABLE();
    93.  
    94.     __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    95.     /**ADC2 GPIO Configuration
    96.     PA4     ------> ADC2_IN17
    97.     PA5     ------> ADC2_IN13
    98.     */
    99.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4;
    100.     GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
    101.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    102.     HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    103.  
    104.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspInit 1 */
    105.  
    106.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspInit 1 */
    107.   }
    108. }
    109.  
    110. void HAL_ADC_MspDeInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* adcHandle)
    111. {
    112.  
    113.   if(adcHandle->Instance==ADC2)
    114.   {
    115.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspDeInit 0 */
    116.  
    117.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspDeInit 0 */
    118.     /* Peripheral clock disable */
    119.     __HAL_RCC_ADC12_CLK_DISABLE();
    120.  
    121.     /**ADC2 GPIO Configuration
    122.     PA4     ------> ADC2_IN17
    123.     PA5     ------> ADC2_IN13
    124.     */
    125.     HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4);
    126.  
    127.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspDeInit 1 */
    128.  
    129.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspDeInit 1 */
    130.   }
    131. }
    132.  
    133. uint32_t Get_Adc(void)
    134. {
    135. 	uint32_t Adc_Value;
    136. 	
    137. 	HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc2);
    138. 	HAL_Delay(1);
    139. 	Adc_Value = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc2);
    140. 	
    141. 	return Adc_Value;
    142. }
    143. uint32_t Get_PA4(void)
    144. {
    145. 	ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};
    146. 	sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_17;
    147.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
    148.   sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_640CYCLES_5;
    149.   sConfig.SingleDiff = ADC_SINGLE_ENDED;
    150.   sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
    151.   sConfig.Offset = 0;
    152.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc2, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    153.   {
    154.     Error_Handler();
    155.   }
    156. 	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    157.  
    158. 	/**ADC2 GPIO Configuration
    159. 	PA4     ------> ADC2_IN17
    160. 	PA5     ------> ADC2_IN13
    161. 	*/
    162. 	GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4;
    163. 	GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
    164. 	GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    165. 	HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    166. 	
    167. 	
    168. 	return Get_Adc();
    169. }
    170. uint32_t Get_PA5(void)
    171. {
    172. 	ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};
    173. 	sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_13;
    174.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
    175.   sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_640CYCLES_5;
    176.   sConfig.SingleDiff = ADC_SINGLE_ENDED;
    177.   sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
    178.   sConfig.Offset = 0;
    179.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc2, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    180.   {
    181.     Error_Handler();
    182.   }
    183. 	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    184.  
    185. 	/**ADC2 GPIO Configuration
    186. 	PA4     ------> ADC2_IN17
    187. 	PA5     ------> ADC2_IN13
    188. 	*/
    189. 	GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5;
    190. 	GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
    191. 	GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    192. 	HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    193. 	
    194. 	
    195. 	return Get_Adc();
    196. }
    197.  
    198. /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
    199.  
    200. /* USER CODE END 1 */
    201.  
    202. /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

    2.4 测试

     

    测试结果表明实验成功。  

    3、方法二（扫描模式）

    3.1 使用CubeMx配置

    设置IN13与IN17为Single-ended

    在Parameter Settings中

            设置Clock Prescaler为Synchronous clock mode divided by 2

    这里要将Number Of Conversion设置为2

    这样就可以采集两个不同的通道了 

     

    3.2 bsp_adc.h代码编写

    因为需要循环采集两个ADC值，所以GetADC函数的参数是一个uint32_t指针类型 

    1. #include "main.h"
    2.  
    3.  
    4. extern ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc2;
    5.  
    6.  
    7. void ADC2_Init(void);
    8. void GetADC(uint32_t *ADC_Val);

    3.3 bsp_adc.c代码编写

    HAL_ADC_Start之后，在for循环内进行连续的HAL_ADC_GetValue，在这之前先等待一下不然可能出现通道AD对应错误的情况。

    1. void GetADC(uint32_t *ADC_Val)
    2. {
    3. 	HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc2);
    4. 	int i;
    5. 	for(i=0;i<2;i++)
    6. 	{
    7. 		HAL_Delay(1);
    8. 		ADC_Val[i] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc2);
    9. 		
    10. 	}
    11. }

    3.3.1 完整代码

    1. #include "ADC/bsp_adc.h"
    2. ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc2;
    3. void ADC2_Init(void)
    4. {
    5.  
    6.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 0 */
    7.  
    8.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 0 */
    9.  
    10.   ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};
    11.  
    12.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 1 */
    13.  
    14.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 1 */
    15.   /** Common config
    16.   */
    17.   hadc2.Instance = ADC2;
    18.   hadc2.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_SYNC_PCLK_DIV2;
    19.   hadc2.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
    20.   hadc2.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
    21.   hadc2.Init.GainCompensation = 0;
    22.   hadc2.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_ENABLE;
    23.   hadc2.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
    24.   hadc2.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
    25.   hadc2.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
    26.   hadc2.Init.NbrOfConversion = 2;
    27.   hadc2.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
    28.   hadc2.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
    29.   hadc2.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
    30.   hadc2.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE;
    31.   hadc2.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_PRESERVED;
    32.   hadc2.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
    33.   if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc2) != HAL_OK)
    34.   {
    35.     Error_Handler();
    36.   }
    37.   /** Configure Regular Channel
    38.   */
    39.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_17;
    40.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
    41.   sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_640CYCLES_5;
    42.   sConfig.SingleDiff = ADC_SINGLE_ENDED;
    43.   sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
    44.   sConfig.Offset = 0;
    45.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc2, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    46.   {
    47.     Error_Handler();
    48.   }
    49.   /** Configure Regular Channel
    50.   */
    51.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_13;
    52.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_2;
    53.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc2, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    54.   {
    55.     Error_Handler();
    56.   }
    57.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 2 */
    58.  
    59.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 2 */
    60.  
    61. }
    62.  
    63. void HAL_ADC_MspInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* adcHandle)
    64. {
    65.  
    66.   GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    67.   if(adcHandle->Instance==ADC2)
    68.   {
    69.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspInit 0 */
    70.  
    71.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspInit 0 */
    72.     /* ADC2 clock enable */
    73.     __HAL_RCC_ADC12_CLK_ENABLE();
    74.  
    75.     __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    76.     /**ADC2 GPIO Configuration
    77.     PA4     ------> ADC2_IN17
    78.     PA5     ------> ADC2_IN13
    79.     */
    80.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4|GPIO_PIN_5;
    81.     GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
    82.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    83.     HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    84.  
    85.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspInit 1 */
    86.  
    87.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspInit 1 */
    88.   }
    89. }
    90.  
    91. void HAL_ADC_MspDeInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* adcHandle)
    92. {
    93.  
    94.   if(adcHandle->Instance==ADC2)
    95.   {
    96.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspDeInit 0 */
    97.  
    98.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspDeInit 0 */
    99.     /* Peripheral clock disable */
    100.     __HAL_RCC_ADC12_CLK_DISABLE();
    101.  
    102.     /**ADC2 GPIO Configuration
    103.     PA4     ------> ADC2_IN17
    104.     PA5     ------> ADC2_IN13
    105.     */
    106.     HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4|GPIO_PIN_5);
    107.  
    108.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspDeInit 1 */
    109.  
    110.   /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspDeInit 1 */
    111.   }
    112. }
    113.  
    114.  
    115.  
    116. void GetADC(uint32_t *ADC_Val)
    117. {
    118. 	HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc2);
    119. 	int i;
    120. 	for(i=0;i<2;i++)
    121. 	{
    122. 		HAL_Delay(1);
    123. 		ADC_Val[i] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc2);
    124. 		
    125. 	}
    126. }

    3.4 测试

     

    测试结果表明实验成功。 

    4、总结

    本文介绍了两种不同的AD多通道采集的办法，并实现了相关代码以及进行了验证，效果表明成功实现了多路的AD采集功能。 

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42937740/article/details/138726833