PostgreSQL创建分区表，并插入大量数据

创建分区表，按日期范围分区

CREATE TABLE sales (
    id              serial,
    sale_date DATE,    
    amount NUMERIC,    
    PRIMARY KEY(id, sale_date)
) PARTITION BY RANGE (sale_date);

创建分区

CREATE TABLE sales_2019 PARTITION OF sales FOR VALUES FROM ('2019-01-01') TO ('2020-01-01'); 
CREATE TABLE sales_2020 PARTITION OF sales FOR VALUES FROM ('2020-01-01') TO ('2021-01-01'); 
CREATE TABLE sales_2021 PARTITION OF sales FOR VALUES FROM ('2021-01-01') TO ('2022-01-01'); 
CREATE TABLE sales_2022 PARTITION OF sales FOR VALUES FROM ('2022-01-01') TO ('2023-01-01'); 
CREATE TABLE sales_2023 PARTITION OF sales FOR VALUES FROM ('2023-01-01') TO ('2024-01-01'); 

插入随机日期和随机金额数据，每次插入2190001条数据

INSERT INTO sales (sale_date, amount)  
SELECT generate_series(to_date('2019-01-01','yyyy-mm-dd'), to_date('2023-12-31','yyyy-mm-dd'), '0.02 hours'), (random()*100.)::numeric(6,2);

测试性能

select count(1) from sales;

插入数据sql参考：https://pgfans.cn/a/1726

原文中有中类型的随机数据插入可供参考。