conda创建pytorch环境报错

昨天训练数据的时候，发现Anaconda占用C盘达到了20G（暑假在cmd状态下安装的，默认下载到了C盘），心道再创建几个环境，C盘就要爆红了，于是重装Anaconda到了D盘，不过之后的初始化并不顺利--创建pytorch环境总是失败，网上查阅了许多资料：配置path环境变量，关闭VPN，.condarc文件删除或添加路径，更换清华源等等都无果。报错如下：

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ERROR REPORT <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\exception_handler.py", line 17, in __call__
        return func(*args, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\main.py", line 54, in main_subshell
        parser = generate_parser(add_help=True)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\conda_argparse.py", line 127, in generate_parser
        configure_parser_plugins(sub_parsers)
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\conda_argparse.py", line 354, in configure_parser_plugins
        else set(find_commands()).difference(plugin_subcommands)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\find_commands.py", line 71, in find_commands
        for entry in os.scandir(dir_path):
                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确。: 'D:\\1瀵邦喕淇?缁嬪\ue0c5绨璡瀵邦喕淇妛eb瀵\ue1b9偓閸欐垼鈧\ue100懎浼愰崗绌僤ll'
 
`$ C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Scripts\conda-script.py config --set show_channel_urls yes`
 
  environment variables:
                 CIO_TEST=<not set>
                CLASSPATH=.;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\lib\dt.jar;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\lib\tools.jar;D:\sqljdbc4\sqljdbc4.jar
        CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV=pytorch
                CONDA_EXE=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\condabin\..\Scripts\conda.exe
               CONDA_EXES="C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\condabin\..\Scripts\conda.exe"
             CONDA_PREFIX=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch
           CONDA_PREFIX_1=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3
    CONDA_PROMPT_MODIFIER=(pytorch)
         CONDA_PYTHON_EXE=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\python.exe
               CONDA_ROOT=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3
              CONDA_SHLVL=2
           CURL_CA_BUNDLE=<not set>
                 HOMEPATH=\Users\86150
               LD_PRELOAD=<not set>
                NODE_PATH=D:\1微信小程序\node\node_global\node_modules
                     PATH=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\py
                          torch\Library\mingw-
                          w64\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\Library\usr\bin;C:\Users
                          \86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\Library\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\env
                          s\pytorch\Scripts;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\bin;C:\Users\8
                          6150\anaconda3\condabin;E:\;E:\VM\bin;E:\app\Qracleinstall\product\12.
                          2.0\dbhome_1\bin;C:\Program Files\Microsoft MPI\Bin;C:\WINDOWS\system3
                          2;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPower
                          Shell\v1.0;C:\WINDOWS\System32\OpenSSH;E:\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Client SDK\ODBC\130\Tools\Binn;C:\Program
                          Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\bin;D:\apache-
                          tomcat-9.0.37-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-9.0.37\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\jre\bin;C:\Program Files\dotnet;C:\Program
                          Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Client SDK\ODBC\170\Tools\Binn;D:\x64\瀵邦喕淇妛
                          eb瀵偓閸欐垼鈧懎浼愰崗绌僤ll;D:\1瀵邦喕淇?缁嬪绨璡瀵邦喕淇妛eb瀵偓閸欐垼鈧懎浼愰崗绌僤ll;D:\1瀵邦喕淇婄亸蹇曗柤
                          ;\node;C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL;D:\Git\Git\cmd;E:\Xshell;C:\Users\
                          86150\anaconda3;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Library\mingw-
                          w64\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Library\usr\bin;C:\Users\86150\anacon
                          da3\Library\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Scripts;D:\Python\python3.11.
                          5\Scripts;D:\Python\python3.11.5;C:\Users\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin;C
                          :\Users\86150\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;.;C:\Users\86150\.do
                          tnet\tools;C:\Users\86150\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;D:\1瀵邦喕淇
                          婄亸蹇曗柤鎼村猾node\node_global;E:\Python\PyCharm Community Edition
                          2023.1.3\bin;.;C:\Users\86150\Python 3.11;D:\Microsoft VS Code\bin
             PSMODULEPATH=C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\WINDOWS\system32\Windows
                          PowerShell\v1.0\Modules;C:\Users\86150\Desktop\编程;
       REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE=<not set>
            SSL_CERT_FILE=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Library\ssl\cacert.pem
 
     active environment : pytorch
    active env location : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch
            shell level : 2
       user config file : C:\Users\86150\.condarc
 populated config files : C:\Users\86150\.condarc
          conda version : 23.7.4
    conda-build version : 3.26.1
         python version : 3.11.5.final.0
       virtual packages : __archspec=1=x86_64
                          __win=0=0
       base environment : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3  (writable)
      conda av data dir : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\etc\conda
  conda av metadata url : None
           channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
          package cache : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\pkgs
                          C:\Users\86150\.conda\pkgs
                          C:\Users\86150\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
       envs directories : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs
                          C:\Users\86150\.conda\envs
                          C:\Users\86150\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
               platform : win-64
             user-agent : conda/23.7.4 requests/2.31.0 CPython/3.11.5 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.19045
          administrator : False
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False
 
 
An unexpected error has occurred. Conda has prepared the above report.
If you suspect this error is being caused by a malfunctioning plugin,
consider using the --no-plugins option to turn off plugins.
 
Example: conda --no-plugins install <package>
 
Alternatively, you can set the CONDA_NO_PLUGINS environment variable on
the command line to run the command without plugins enabled.
 
Example: CONDA_NO_PLUGINS=true conda install <package>
 
If submitted, this report will be used by core maintainers to improve
future releases of conda.
Would you like conda to send this report to the core maintainers? [y/N]:
 
No report sent. To permanently opt-out, use
 
    $ conda config --set report_errors false

又看到安装Anaconda时，选择JUST ME默认环境路径在annconda/env下，而选择ALL USERS默认环境路径则在C盘.anaconda/env文件夹下。卸载后又重装了Anaconda，先是选择JUST ME，报相同的错误，又重装后选择ALL USERS，创建pytorch还是相同的错误。

无奈之下，再次把Anaconda安装到C盘，这时候执行conda create -n pytorch python=3.8命令是没问题的，环境可以成功创建。conda activate pytorch激活环境也没问题，不过最重要的一步--安装torch又出错了，pytorch官网的conda代码，清华源，华科源都报相同的错误（上述代码）。Google/GitHub/CSDN/Stack Overflow/博客园等等都查了一遍，都没出现过类似的问题。晚上睡觉的时候心想难道要重装下系统？

还好山重水复疑无路，下午在知乎浏览技术贴的时候看到一句话“pip 或者 conda的时候经常被混合使用，这两者也通常被认为是几乎相同的，尽管他们的很多功能是重叠的。“

突然意识到pip install 和conda install的功能应该是相同的。兴致冲冲在Anaconda Prompt命令行键入：pip3 install torch torchvision torchaudio，等待一段时间后torch终于下载成功。又进入python环境中导入的torch包，输出了torch的版本号

>>> import torch
>>> torch.__version__
'2.1.1+cpu'

这下终于尘埃落定，解决掉这个难题了。