• esp32s3通过mqtt协议连接阿里云（wifi+mqtt+vscode+espidf4.4.4+py3.8.7）

    1.MQTT协议

    MQTT（Message Queuing Telemetry Transport，消息队列遥测传输协议），是一种基于发布/订阅（publish/subscribe）模式的“轻量级”通讯协议，该协议构建于TCP/IP协议上，由IBM在1999年发布。

    MQTT最大优点在于，用极少的代码和有限的带宽，为连接远程设备提供实时可靠的消息服务。

    作为一种低开销、低带宽占用的即时通讯协议，使其在物联网、小型设备、移动应用等方面有较广泛的应用。

    MQTT协议特点

    MQTT是一个基于客户端-服务器的消息发布/订阅传输协议。

    MQTT协议是轻量、简单、开放和易于实现的，这些特点使它适用范围非常广泛。在很多情况下，包括受限的环境中，如：机器与机器（M2M）通信和物联网（IoT）。

    简单介绍一下MQTT协议，关于具体的报文读者可以自行了解，本文在于应用。

    2.MQTT连接阿里云

    1. /*Broker Address：${YourProductKey}.iot-as-mqtt.${YourRegionId}.aliyuncs.com*/
    2. #define   Aliyun_host       "iot-06z00f69gov61mh.mqtt.iothub.aliyuncs.com"
    3. #define   Aliyun_port       1883
    4. /*Client ID：     ${ClientID}|securemode=${Mode},signmethod=${SignMethod}|*/
    5. #define   Aliyun_client_id  "ic3c6cpfq6I.esp32s3|securemode=2,signmethod=hmacsha256,timestamp=1691813578260|"
    6. /*User Name：     ${DeviceName}&${ProductKey}*/
    7. #define   Aliyun_username   "esp32s3&ic3c6cpfq6I"
    8. /*使用官网 MQTT_Password 工具生成*/
    9. #define   Aliyun_password   "18a216e310cf5c7337f04f8f0ea2243707b960007c6cd64e83e811f1a13af0e7"
    10.  
    11. #define   AliyunSubscribeTopic_user_get     "/ic3c6cpfq6I/esp32s3/user/get"
    12. #define   AliyunPublishTopic_user_update    "/ic3c6cpfq6I/esp32s3/user/update"
    13. #define   AliyunSubscribeTopic_post         "/sys/ic3c6cpfq6I/esp32s3/thing/event/property/post"
    14. #define   AliyunSubscribeTopic_post_reply   "/sys/ic3c6cpfq6I/esp32s3/thing/event/property/post_reply"

    这是MQTT连接参数，我们可以去阿里云中的物联网平台中的产品参数中找到。

    1.  
    2. char mqtt_message[256]={0};
    3. char mqtt_publish_data1[] = "mqtt connect ok ";
    4. char mqtt_publish_data2[] = "mqtt subscribe successful";
    5. char mqtt_publish_data3[] = "mqtt i am esp32";
    6.  
    7. esp_mqtt_client_handle_t client;
    8.  
    9. static esp_err_t mqtt_event_handler_cb(esp_mqtt_event_handle_t event)
    10. {
    11.     esp_mqtt_client_handle_t client = event->client;
    12.     int  msg_id;
    13. 	
    14.     // your_context_t *context = event->context;
    15.     switch (event->event_id) {
    16.         case MQTT_EVENT_CONNECTED:
    17.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT_EVENT_CONNECTED");
    18.             msg_id = esp_mqtt_client_publish(client, AliyunPublishTopic_user_update, mqtt_publish_data1, strlen(mqtt_publish_data1), 1, 0);
    19.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "sent publish successful, msg_id=%d", msg_id);
    20.  
    21.             msg_id = esp_mqtt_client_subscribe(client, AliyunSubscribeTopic_user_get, 0);
    22.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "sent subscribe successful, msg_id=%d", msg_id);
    23.  
    24.             break;
    25.         case MQTT_EVENT_DISCONNECTED:
    26.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT_EVENT_DISCONNECTED");
    27.             break;
    28.  
    29.         case MQTT_EVENT_SUBSCRIBED:
    30.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT_EVENT_SUBSCRIBED, msg_id=%d", event->msg_id);
    31.             msg_id = esp_mqtt_client_publish(client, AliyunPublishTopic_user_update, mqtt_publish_data2, strlen(mqtt_publish_data2), 0, 0);
    32.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "sent publish successful, msg_id=%d", msg_id);
    33.             break;
    34.         case MQTT_EVENT_UNSUBSCRIBED:
    35.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT_EVENT_UNSUBSCRIBED, msg_id=%d", event->msg_id);
    36.             break;
    37.         case MQTT_EVENT_PUBLISHED:
    38.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT_EVENT_PUBLISHED, msg_id=%d", event->msg_id);
    39.             break;
    40.         case MQTT_EVENT_DATA:
    41.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT_EVENT_DATA");
    42.             printf("TOPIC=%.*s\r\n", event->topic_len, event->topic);
    43.             printf("DATA=%.*s\r\n", event->data_len, event->data);
    44. 			
    45.             break;
    46.         case MQTT_EVENT_ERROR:
    47.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT_EVENT_ERROR");
    48.             break;
    49.         default:
    50.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Other event id:%d", event->event_id);
    51.             break;
    52.     }
    53.     return ESP_OK;
    54. }
    55.  
    56. static void mqtt_event_handler(void *handler_args, esp_event_base_t base, int32_t event_id, void *event_data) {
    57.     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Event dispatched from event loop base=%s, event_id=%d", base, event_id);
    58.     mqtt_event_handler_cb(event_data);
    59. }
    60.  
    61. static void mqtt_test_task(void *pvParameters)
    62. {
    63.     uint8_t num = 0;
    64.  
    65.     while(1)
    66.     {
    67.        esp_mqtt_client_publish(client, AliyunPublishTopic_user_update, mqtt_publish_data3, strlen(mqtt_publish_data3), 1, 0);
    68.        vTaskDelay(2000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
    69. 	   if(num++ > 2) break;
    70. 	}
    71.     vTaskDelete(NULL);
    72. }

    这是连云的相关函数，我们通过espidf中的日志打印出我们执行的操作。同样的创建一个线程来进行连云。

    1. void user_mqtt_app_start(void)
    2. {
    3.  
    4.     esp_mqtt_client_config_t mqtt_cfg = {
    5. 		.host = Aliyun_host,
    6. 		.port = Aliyun_port,
    7. 		.client_id = Aliyun_client_id,
    8. 		.username = Aliyun_username,
    9. 		.password = Aliyun_password,
    10.  
    11.     };
    12.  
    13.      client = esp_mqtt_client_init(&mqtt_cfg);
    14.      esp_mqtt_client_register_event(client, ESP_EVENT_ANY_ID, mqtt_event_handler, client);
    15.      esp_mqtt_client_start(client);
    16.      xTaskCreate(&mqtt_test_task, "mqtt_test_task", 4096, NULL, 5, NULL);
    17. }

    这是我们在mqtt.c里面的头文件，创建一个客户端，通过mqtt参数连接至阿里云。

    1.   sprintf(mqtt_message,"{\"method\":\"thing.event.property.post\",\"params\":{\"temperature\":%d,\"Humidity\":%d,\"LightLux\":%d,\"soilHumidity\":%d,\"WaterOutletSwitch\":%d,\"Rain\":%d,},\"version\":\"1.1.1\"}",
    2.           Temp,Humi,light,Soil, Bool, Rain);
    3.        
    4.           esp_mqtt_client_publish(client, AliyunSubscribeTopic_post, mqtt_message, strlen(mqtt_message), 0, 0);//上传

     这是我们的数据上传代码，我们通过#include "mqtt_client.h"这个头文件中的函数，将我们要上传的数据通过sprintf这个函数形成一个字符串，然后通过esp_mqtt_client_publish把数据上传至阿里云。

    3.设置WIFI

    1.  
    2. static void event_handler(void* arg, esp_event_base_t event_base,
    3.                                 int32_t event_id, void* event_data)
    4. {
    5.     if (event_base == WIFI_EVENT && event_id == WIFI_EVENT_STA_START) {
    6.         esp_wifi_connect();
    7.     } else if (event_base == WIFI_EVENT && event_id == WIFI_EVENT_STA_DISCONNECTED) {
    8.         if (s_retry_num < EXAMPLE_ESP_MAXIMUM_RETRY) {
    9.             esp_wifi_connect();
    10.             s_retry_num++;
    11.             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "retry to connect to the AP");
    12.         } else {
    13.             xEventGroupSetBits(s_wifi_event_group, WIFI_FAIL_BIT);
    14.         }
    15.         ESP_LOGI(TAG,"connect to the AP fail");
    16.     } else if (event_base == IP_EVENT && event_id == IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP) {
    17.         ip_event_got_ip_t* event = (ip_event_got_ip_t*) event_data;
    18.         ESP_LOGI(TAG, "got ip:" IPSTR, IP2STR(&event->ip_info.ip));
    19.         s_retry_num = 0;
    20.         xEventGroupSetBits(s_wifi_event_group, WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT);
    21.     }
    22. }
    23.  
    24. void wifi_init_sta(void)
    25. {
    26.  
    27.     s_wifi_event_group = xEventGroupCreate();
    28.  
    29.     /*Initialize the underlying TCP/IP stack. 
    30.     NOTE:This function should be called exactly once from application code, when the application starts up. */
    31.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_netif_init());
    32.  
    33.     /*Create default event loop. */
    34.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_loop_create_default());
    35.  
    36. 	/*Creates default WIFI STA. In case of any init error this API aborts. */
    37.     esp_netif_create_default_wifi_sta();
    38.  
    39.     /*Init WiFi Alloc resource for WiFi driver, such as WiFi control structure, RX/TX buffer, WiFi NVS structure etc, 
    40.     this WiFi also start WiFi task. */
    41.     wifi_init_config_t cfg = WIFI_INIT_CONFIG_DEFAULT();
    42.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_init(&cfg));
    43.  
    44.     esp_event_handler_instance_t instance_any_id;
    45.     esp_event_handler_instance_t instance_got_ip;
    46.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_register(WIFI_EVENT,
    47.                                                         ESP_EVENT_ANY_ID,
    48.                                                         &event_handler,
    49.                                                         NULL,
    50.                                                         &instance_any_id));
    51.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_register(IP_EVENT,
    52.                                                         IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP,
    53.                                                         &event_handler,
    54.                                                         NULL,
    55.                                                         &instance_got_ip));
    56.  
    57.     wifi_config_t wifi_config = {
    58.         .sta = {
    59.             .ssid = EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_SSID,
    60.             .password = EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_PASS,
    61.             /* Setting a password implies station will connect to all security modes including WEP/WPA.
    62.              * However these modes are deprecated and not advisable to be used. Incase your Access point
    63.              * doesn't support WPA2, these mode can be enabled by commenting below line */
    64. 	     .threshold.authmode = WIFI_AUTH_WPA2_PSK,
    65.  
    66.             .pmf_cfg = {
    67.                 .capable = true,
    68.                 .required = false
    69.             },
    70.         },
    71.     };
    72.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_set_mode( WIFI_MODE_APSTA) );
    73.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_set_config(ESP_IF_WIFI_STA, &wifi_config) );
    74.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_start() );
    75.  
    76.     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "wifi_init_sta finished.");
    77.  
    78.     /* Waiting until either the connection is established (WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT) or connection failed for the maximum
    79.      * number of re-tries (WIFI_FAIL_BIT). The bits are set by event_handler() (see above) */
    80.     EventBits_t bits = xEventGroupWaitBits(s_wifi_event_group,
    81.             WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT | WIFI_FAIL_BIT,
    82.             pdFALSE,
    83.             pdFALSE,
    84.             portMAX_DELAY);
    85.  
    86.     /* xEventGroupWaitBits() returns the bits before the call returned, hence we can test which event actually
    87.      * happened. */
    88.     if (bits & WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT) {
    89.         ESP_LOGI(TAG, "connected to ap SSID:%s password:%s",
    90.                  EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_SSID, EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_PASS);
    91.     } else if (bits & WIFI_FAIL_BIT) {
    92.         ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Failed to connect to SSID:%s, password:%s",
    93.                  EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_SSID, EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_PASS);
    94.     } else {
    95.         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "UNEXPECTED EVENT");
    96.     }
    97.  
    98.     /* The event will not be processed after unregister */
    99.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_unregister(IP_EVENT, IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP, instance_got_ip));
    100.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_unregister(WIFI_EVENT, ESP_EVENT_ANY_ID, instance_any_id));
    101.     vEventGroupDelete(s_wifi_event_group);
    102.     
    103.  
    104. }

    我们首先创建一个事件处理函数，但我们没用连接上wifi时，便会在控制台日志一直打印AP fail。

    下面的就是我们把esp32s3设置成sta模式，连接WiFi，然后打印出ip地址。

    注意：我们单片机连接的WiFi最好都设置成2.4G频段的，不然可能会连接不上或者不稳定。

    1. void app_main(void)
    2. {
    3.  
    4.     
    5.  
    6.  
    7.     //Initialize NVS
    8.     esp_err_t ret = nvs_flash_init();  
    9.     if (ret == ESP_ERR_NVS_NO_FREE_PAGES || ret == ESP_ERR_NVS_NEW_VERSION_FOUND) {
    10.       ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_flash_erase());
    11.       ret = nvs_flash_init();
    12.     }
    13.     ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ret);
    14.     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "ESP_WIFI_MODE_STA");
    15.     //example_wifi_init();
    16.     wifi_init_sta();
    17.     user_mqtt_app_start();
    18.     while(1)
    19.     {
    20.              
    21.       vTaskDelay(200);
    22.       
    23.       break;
    24.     }
    25. 	
    26. }

    这样我们便可以通过esp32s3自带的wifi模块连接wifi并将数据发送至阿里云平台。

    具体代码在我资源里，大家可以下载参考。

    我的开发环境是VScode+espidf4.4.4+python3.8.7.

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/ljt2333/article/details/133214557