• C++标准模板（STL）- 类型支持 （定宽整数类型）(INT8_C,INTMAX_C,UINT8_C,UINTMAX_C,格式化宏常量)

    最小宽度整数常量的函数宏

    INT8_CINT16_CINT32_CINT64_C

    		展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 int_least8_t、int_least16_t、int_least32_t、int_least64_t 的整数常量表达式
    (宏函数)

    INTMAX_C

    		展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 intmax_t 的整数常量表达式
    (宏函数)

    UINT8_CUINT16_CUINT32_CUINT64_C

    		展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 uint_least8_t、uint_least16_t、uint_least32_t、uint_least64_t 的整数常量表达式
    (宏函数)

    UINTMAX_C

    		展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 uintmax_t 的整数常量表达式
    (宏函数)

    调用示例

    1. #include <iostream>
    2. #include <cstdint>
    3.  
    4. int main()
    5. {
    6.     //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 int_least8_t、int_least16_t、
    7.     //int_least32_t、int_least64_t 的整数常量表达式
    8.     std::cout << "INT8_C(8):            " << INT8_C(8) << std::endl;
    9.     std::cout << "INT16_C(16):          " << INT16_C(16) << std::endl;
    10.     std::cout << "INT32_C(32):          " << INT32_C(32) << std::endl;
    11.     std::cout << "INT64_C(64):          " << INT64_C(64) << std::endl;
    12.     std::cout << std::endl;
    13.  
    14.     //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 uint_least8_t、uint_least16_t、
    15.     //uint_least32_t、uint_least64_t 的整数常量表达式
    16.     std::cout << "UINT8_C(8):           " << UINT8_C(8) << std::endl;
    17.     std::cout << "UINT16_C(16):         " << UINT16_C(16) << std::endl;
    18.     std::cout << "UINT32_C(32):         " << UINT32_C(32) << std::endl;
    19.     std::cout << "UINT64_C(64):         " << UINT64_C(64) << std::endl;
    20.     std::cout << std::endl;
    21.  
    22.     //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 intmax_t 的整数常量表达式
    23.     std::cout << "INTMAX_C(32):         " << INTMAX_C(32) << std::endl;
    24.     //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 uintmax_t 的整数常量表达式
    25.     std::cout << "UINTMAX_C(64):        " << UINTMAX_C(64) << std::endl;
    26.     std::cout << std::endl;
    27.     return 0;
    28. }

    输出

    格式化宏常量

    定义于头文件

    std::fprintf 系列函数的格式化宏常量


    unsigned int
    的等价者    		描述数据类型的宏



     

    std::intx_t




     

    std::int_leastx_t

    std::int_fastx_t

    std::intmax_t

    std::intptr_t

    x = 8 、 16 、 32 或 64
    d有符号十进制整数值的输入PRIdxPRIdLEASTxPRIdFASTxPRIdMAXPRIdPTR
    iPRIixPRIiLEASTxPRIiFASTxPRIiMAXPRIiPTR
    u无符号十进制整数值的输入PRIuxPRIuLEASTxPRIuFASTxPRIuMAXPRIuPTR
    o无符号八进制整数值的输入PRIoxPRIoLEASTxPRIoFASTxPRIoMAXPRIoPTR
    x无符号小写十六进制整数值的输入PRIxxPRIxLEASTxPRIxFASTxPRIxMAXPRIxPTR
    X无符号大写十六进制整数值的输入PRIXxPRIXLEASTxPRIXFASTxPRIXMAXPRIXPTR

    std::fscanf 系列函数的格式化宏常量 

    或
    unsigned int
    的等价者    		描述数据类型的宏



     

    std::intx_t




     

    std::int_leastx_t

    std::int_fastx_t

    std::intmax_t

    std::intptr_t

    x = 8 、 16 、 32 或 64
    d有符号十进制整数值的输入SCNdxSCNdLEASTxSCNdFASTxSCNdMAXSCNdPTR
    i有符号整数值的输入SCNixSCNiLEASTxSCNiFASTxSCNiMAXSCNiPTR
    u无符号十进制整数值的输入SCNuxSCNuLEASTxSCNuFASTxSCNuMAXSCNuPTR
    o无符号八进制整数值的输入SCNoxSCNoLEASTxSCNoFASTxSCNoMAXSCNoPTR
    x无符号十六进制整数值的输入SCNxxSCNxLEASTxSCNxFASTxSCNxMAXSCNxPTR

    调用示例

    1. #include <cstdio>
    2. #include <cinttypes>
    3.  
    4. int main()
    5. {
    6.     std::printf("INT8_MIN:          %+" PRId8 "\n", INT8_MIN);
    7.     std::printf("INT16_MIN:         %+" PRId16 "\n", INT16_MIN);
    8.     std::printf("INT32_MIN:         %+" PRId32 "\n", INT32_MIN);
    9.     std::printf("INT64_MIN:         %+" PRId64 "\n", INT64_MIN);
    10.     std::printf("\n");
    11.  
    12.     std::printf("INT_LEAST8_MIN:    %+" PRIdLEAST8 "\n", INT_LEAST8_MIN);
    13.     std::printf("INT_LEAST16_MIN:   %+" PRIdLEAST16 "\n", INT_LEAST16_MIN);
    14.     std::printf("INT_LEAST32_MIN:   %+" PRIdLEAST32 "\n", INT_LEAST32_MIN);
    15.     std::printf("INT_LEAST64_MIN:   %+" PRIdLEAST64 "\n", INT_LEAST64_MIN);
    16.     std::printf("\n");
    17.  
    18.     std::printf("INT_FAST8_MIN:     %+" PRIdFAST8 "\n", INT_FAST8_MIN);
    19.     std::printf("INT_FAST16_MIN:    %+" PRIdFAST16 "\n", INT_FAST16_MIN);
    20.     std::printf("INT_FAST32_MIN:    %+" PRIdFAST32 "\n", INT_FAST32_MIN);
    21.     std::printf("INT_FAST64_MIN:    %+" PRIdFAST64 "\n", INT_FAST64_MIN);
    22.     std::printf("\n");
    23.  
    24.     std::printf("INT8_MIN:          %+" PRIi8 "\n", INT8_MIN);
    25.     std::printf("INT16_MIN:         %+" PRIi16 "\n", INT16_MIN);
    26.     std::printf("INT32_MIN:         %+" PRIi32 "\n", INT32_MIN);
    27.     std::printf("INT64_MIN:         %+" PRIi64 "\n", INT64_MIN);
    28.     std::printf("\n");
    29.  
    30.     std::printf("INT_LEAST8_MIN:    %+" PRIiLEAST8 "\n", INT_LEAST8_MIN);
    31.     std::printf("INT_LEAST16_MIN:   %+" PRIiLEAST16 "\n", INT_LEAST16_MIN);
    32.     std::printf("INT_LEAST32_MIN:   %+" PRIiLEAST32 "\n", INT_LEAST32_MIN);
    33.     std::printf("INT_LEAST64_MIN:   %+" PRIiLEAST64 "\n", INT_LEAST64_MIN);
    34.     std::printf("\n");
    35.  
    36.     std::printf("INT_FAST8_MIN:     %+" PRIiFAST8 "\n", INT_FAST8_MIN);
    37.     std::printf("INT_FAST16_MIN:    %+" PRIiFAST16 "\n", INT_FAST16_MIN);
    38.     std::printf("INT_FAST32_MIN:    %+" PRIiFAST32 "\n", INT_FAST32_MIN);
    39.     std::printf("INT_FAST64_MIN:    %+" PRIiFAST64 "\n", INT_FAST64_MIN);
    40.     std::printf("\n");
    41.  
    42.     std::printf("INT8_MIN:          %" PRIo8 "\n", INT8_MIN);
    43.     std::printf("INT16_MIN:         %" PRIo16 "\n", INT16_MIN);
    44.     std::printf("INT32_MIN:         %" PRIo32 "\n", INT32_MIN);
    45.     std::printf("INT64_MIN:         %" PRIo64 "\n", INT64_MIN);
    46.     std::printf("\n");
    47.  
    48.     std::printf("INT_LEAST8_MIN:    %" PRIoLEAST8 "\n", INT_LEAST8_MIN);
    49.     std::printf("INT_LEAST16_MIN:   %" PRIoLEAST16 "\n", INT_LEAST16_MIN);
    50.     std::printf("INT_LEAST32_MIN:   %" PRIoLEAST32 "\n", INT_LEAST32_MIN);
    51.     std::printf("INT_LEAST64_MIN:   %" PRIoLEAST64 "\n", INT_LEAST64_MIN);
    52.     std::printf("\n");
    53.  
    54.     std::printf("INT_FAST8_MIN:     %" PRIoFAST8 "\n", INT_FAST8_MIN);
    55.     std::printf("INT_FAST16_MIN:    %" PRIoFAST16 "\n", INT_FAST16_MIN);
    56.     std::printf("INT_FAST32_MIN:    %" PRIoFAST32 "\n", INT_FAST32_MIN);
    57.     std::printf("INT_FAST64_MIN:    %" PRIoFAST64 "\n", INT_FAST64_MIN);
    58.     std::printf("\n");
    59.  
    60.     std::printf("UINT8_MAX:         %" PRIu8 "\n", UINT8_MAX);
    61.     std::printf("UINT16_MAX:        %" PRIu16 "\n", UINT16_MAX);
    62.     std::printf("UINT32_MAX:        %" PRIu32 "\n", UINT32_MAX);
    63.     std::printf("UINT64_MAX:        %" PRIu64 "\n", UINT64_MAX);
    64.     std::printf("\n");
    65.  
    66.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   %" PRIuLEAST8 "\n", UINT_LEAST8_MAX);
    67.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  %" PRIuLEAST16 "\n", UINT_LEAST16_MAX);
    68.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  %" PRIuLEAST32 "\n", UINT_LEAST32_MAX);
    69.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  %" PRIuLEAST64 "\n", UINT_LEAST64_MAX);
    70.     std::printf("\n");
    71.  
    72.     std::printf("UINT_FAST8_MAX:    %" PRIuFAST8 "\n", UINT_FAST8_MAX);
    73.     std::printf("UINT_FAST16_MAX:   %" PRIuFAST16 "\n", UINT_FAST16_MAX);
    74.     std::printf("UINT_FAST32_MAX:   %" PRIuFAST32 "\n", UINT_FAST32_MAX);
    75.     std::printf("UINT_FAST64_MAX:   %" PRIuFAST64 "\n", UINT_FAST64_MAX);
    76.     std::printf("\n");
    77.  
    78.     std::printf("UINT8_MAX:         %" PRIx8 "\n", UINT8_MAX);
    79.     std::printf("UINT16_MAX:        %" PRIx16 "\n", UINT16_MAX);
    80.     std::printf("UINT32_MAX:        %" PRIx32 "\n", UINT32_MAX);
    81.     std::printf("UINT64_MAX:        %" PRIx64 "\n", UINT64_MAX);
    82.     std::printf("\n");
    83.  
    84.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   %" PRIxLEAST8 "\n", UINT_LEAST8_MAX);
    85.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  %" PRIxLEAST16 "\n", UINT_LEAST16_MAX);
    86.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  %" PRIxLEAST32 "\n", UINT_LEAST32_MAX);
    87.     std::printf("UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  %" PRIxLEAST64 "\n", UINT_LEAST64_MAX);
    88.     std::printf("\n");
    89.  
    90.     std::printf("UINT_FAST8_MAX:    %" PRIxFAST8 "\n", UINT_FAST8_MAX);
    91.     std::printf("UINT_FAST16_MAX:   %" PRIxFAST16 "\n", UINT_FAST16_MAX);
    92.     std::printf("UINT_FAST32_MAX:   %" PRIxFAST32 "\n", UINT_FAST32_MAX);
    93.     std::printf("UINT_FAST64_MAX:   %" PRIxFAST64 "\n", UINT_FAST64_MAX);
    94.     std::printf("\n");
    95.     return 0;
    96. }

    输出

    1. INT8_MIN:          -128
    2. INT16_MIN:         -32768
    3. INT32_MIN:         -2147483648
    4. INT64_MIN:         -9223372036854775808
    5.  
    6. INT_LEAST8_MIN:    -128
    7. INT_LEAST16_MIN:   -32768
    8. INT_LEAST32_MIN:   -2147483648
    9. INT_LEAST64_MIN:   -9223372036854775808
    10.  
    11. INT_FAST8_MIN:     -128
    12. INT_FAST16_MIN:    -32768
    13. INT_FAST32_MIN:    -2147483648
    14. INT_FAST64_MIN:    -9223372036854775808
    15.  
    16. INT8_MIN:          -128
    17. INT16_MIN:         -32768
    18. INT32_MIN:         -2147483648
    19. INT64_MIN:         -9223372036854775808
    20.  
    21. INT_LEAST8_MIN:    -128
    22. INT_LEAST16_MIN:   -32768
    23. INT_LEAST32_MIN:   -2147483648
    24. INT_LEAST64_MIN:   -9223372036854775808
    25.  
    26. INT_FAST8_MIN:     -128
    27. INT_FAST16_MIN:    -32768
    28. INT_FAST32_MIN:    -2147483648
    29. INT_FAST64_MIN:    -9223372036854775808
    30.  
    31. INT8_MIN:          37777777600
    32. INT16_MIN:         37777700000
    33. INT32_MIN:         20000000000
    34. INT64_MIN:         1000000000000000000000
    35.  
    36. INT_LEAST8_MIN:    37777777600
    37. INT_LEAST16_MIN:   37777700000
    38. INT_LEAST32_MIN:   20000000000
    39. INT_LEAST64_MIN:   1000000000000000000000
    40.  
    41. INT_FAST8_MIN:     37777777600
    42. INT_FAST16_MIN:    37777700000
    43. INT_FAST32_MIN:    20000000000
    44. INT_FAST64_MIN:    1000000000000000000000
    45.  
    46. UINT8_MAX:         255
    47. UINT16_MAX:        65535
    48. UINT32_MAX:        4294967295
    49. UINT64_MAX:        18446744073709551615
    50.  
    51. UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   255
    52. UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  65535
    53. UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  4294967295
    54. UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  18446744073709551615
    55.  
    56. UINT_FAST8_MAX:    255
    57. UINT_FAST16_MAX:   65535
    58. UINT_FAST32_MAX:   4294967295
    59. UINT_FAST64_MAX:   18446744073709551615
    60.  
    61. UINT8_MAX:         ff
    62. UINT16_MAX:        ffff
    63. UINT32_MAX:        ffffffff
    64. UINT64_MAX:        ffffffffffffffff
    65.  
    66. UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   ff
    67. UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  ffff
    68. UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  ffffffff
    69. UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  ffffffffffffffff
    70.  
    71. UINT_FAST8_MAX:    ff
    72. UINT_FAST16_MAX:   ffff
    73. UINT_FAST32_MAX:   ffffffff
    74. UINT_FAST64_MAX:   ffffffffffffffff

    注意

    因为 C++ 转译立即后随字符串字面量的字符为用户定义字面量，诸如 printf("%"PRId64"\n",n); 的 C 代码在 C++ 中非法，并在 PRId64 前要求空格。

    C99 标准建议 C++ 实现不应定义上述极限、常量或格式化宏，除非在包含相对的 C 头文件（ stdint.h 或 inttypes.h ）前（分别）定义宏 __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS 、 __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS 或 __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS 。此建议未被采纳，并在 C11 中被移除。然而，某些实现（例如 glibc 2.17 ）尝试应用此规则，而可能需要定义 __STDC 宏； C++ 编译器可以通过在某些环境自动定义它们来做变通。

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40788199/article/details/133432310