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nginx+keepalived集群搭建
1. nginx部署
单机部署可参考：https://blog.csdn.net/ym5209999/article/details/119897237
2. keepalived安装
[root@nginx1 ~]# yum -y install keepalived- 1
3. keepalived配置
3.1 安装完成后，默认配置文件位于：/etc/keepalived，默认配置如下：
keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { acassen@firewall.loc failover@firewall.loc sysadmin@firewall.loc } notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc smtp_server 192.168.200.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr vrrp_strict vrrp_garp_interval 0 vrrp_gna_interval 0 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.200.16 192.168.200.17 192.168.200.18 } } virtual_server 192.168.200.100 443 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind NAT persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.201.100 443 { weight 1 SSL_GET { url { path / digest ff20ad2481f97b1754ef3e12ecd3a9cc } url { path /mrtg/ digest 9b3a0c85a887a256d6939da88aabd8cd } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } } virtual_server 10.10.10.2 1358 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind NAT persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP sorry_server 192.168.200.200 1358 real_server 192.168.200.2 1358 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path /testurl/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } url { path /testurl2/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } url { path /testurl3/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 192.168.200.3 1358 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path /testurl/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334c } url { path /testurl2/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334c } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } } virtual_server 10.10.10.3 1358 { delay_loop 3 lb_algo rr lb_kind NAT persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.200.4 1358 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path /testurl/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } url { path /testurl2/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } url { path /testurl3/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 192.168.200.5 1358 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path /testurl/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } url { path /testurl2/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } url { path /testurl3/test.jsp digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } }- 1
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3.2 按实际情况修改keepalived.conf
主
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { # 路由ID，当前主机标识，必须唯一 router_id LVS_DEVEL_144 script_user root enable_script_security } vrrp_instance VI_1 { # 状态，可配置内容为：MASTER/BACKUP state MASTER # 网卡名称 interface ens192 # 主备节点需保持一致 virtual_router_id 51 # 优先级，当主节点宕机后，优先级最高的成为主节点 priority 100 # 主备同步时间间隔 advert_int 1 # 认证授权密码 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.2.198 # 虚拟IP } }- 1
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备
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { # 路由ID，当前主机标识，必须唯一 router_id LVS_DEVEL_62 script_user root enable_script_security } vrrp_instance VI_1 { # 状态，可配置内容为：MASTER/BACKUP state BACKUP # 网卡名称 interface ens192 # 主备节点需保持一致 virtual_router_id 51 # 优先级，当主节点宕机后，优先级最高的成为主节点 priority 80 # 主备同步时间间隔 advert_int 1 # 认证授权密码 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.2.198 # 虚拟IP } }- 1
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4. 启动验证
# 启动nginx [root@nginx1 ~]# /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx –c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # 启动keepalived [root@nginx1 ~]# systemctl start keepalived- 1
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1）启动完成后，查看主节点IP地址，在ens192下生成虚拟IP后，即可访问：192.168.2.198查看效果（在配置文件中，主节点priority 值大于备节点，故会生成在主节点）；
2）将主节点keepalived服务结束后，再次访问192.168.2.198，会自动切换到备节点5. 优化
当nginx服务器挂掉之后，由于keepalived服务保持正常，故VIP依旧保留在进程异常的服务器上，导致前端无法自动切换，故需要对配置进行优化。
优化点：定期检测nginx进程活性，若nginx服务不存在，则重启nginx服务，若无法启动，则将keepalived进程结束，使之正常切换到正常的keepalived。
nginx活性检测脚本：
nginx_check.sh#!/bin/bash A=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` #查看是否有进程，把值赋给变量A if [ $A -eq 0 ];then #如果没有进程值则为0 /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx –c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #nginx的启动路径 sleep 5 #尝试启动nginx等待5秒 B=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` if [ $B -eq 0 ];then #在查看一下是否有进程，没有则结束，杀掉keepalived systemctl stop keepalived fi fi- 1
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将脚本上传至主、备服务器：/etc/keepalived/目录下，并授权（不能授权为777！！！）
chmod -R 755 nginx_check.sh
建议在启动验证的时候，打印系统日志，同步查看：tail -f /var/log/messages
主! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { # 路由ID，当前主机标识，必须唯一 router_id LVS_DEVEL_144 script_user root enable_script_security } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ vrrp_script nginxcheck { script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh" interval 10 } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ vrrp_instance VI_1 { # 状态，可配置内容为：MASTER/BACKUP state MASTER # 网卡名称 interface ens192 # 主备节点需保持一致 virtual_router_id 51 # 优先级，当主节点宕机后，优先级最高的成为主节点 priority 100 # 主备同步时间间隔 advert_int 1 # 认证授权密码 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.2.198 } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ track_script { nginxcheck } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ }- 1
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备
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { # 路由ID，当前主机标识，必须唯一 router_id LVS_DEVEL_62 script_user root enable_script_security } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ vrrp_script nginxcheck { script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh" interval 10 } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ vrrp_instance VI_1 { # 状态，可配置内容为：MASTER/BACKUP state BACKUP # 网卡名称 interface ens192 # 主备节点需保持一致 virtual_router_id 51 # 优先级，当主节点宕机后，优先级最高的成为主节点 priority 80 # 主备同步时间间隔 advert_int 1 # 认证授权密码 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.2.198 } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ track_script { nginxcheck } # ----------------------- 新增点 ------------------------ }- 1
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6. 验证
1）按上述配置完成后，重启keepalived，验证是否能把nginx进程自动拉起；
2）手动结束nginx进程，并故意将nginx_check.sh中nginx启动命令调整为错误命令，尝试是否会将对应节点keepalived进程自动结束。 -
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/ym5209999/article/details/132983080
