通过对register_chrdev内部的实现过程进行分析,其实注册字符设备驱动的过程就是下面几步:
1.分配struct cdev对象空间
2.初始化struct cdev对象
3.注册cdev对象
完成上面的三步,就完成了字符设备驱动的注册。
- #ifndef __HEAD_H__
- #define __HEAD_H__
- typedef struct{
- unsigned int MODER;
- unsigned int OTYPER;
- unsigned int OSPEEDR;
- unsigned int PUPDR;
- unsigned int IDR;
- unsigned int ODR;
- }gpio_t;
- #define PHY_LED1_ADDR 0X50006000
- #define PHY_LED2_ADDR 0X50007000
- #define PHY_LED3_ADDR 0X50006000
- #define PHY_RCC_ADDR 0X50000A28
-
- //构建LED开关的功能码
- #define LED_ON _IO('l',1)
- #define LED_OFF _IO('l',0)
- #endif
-
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include "head.h"
- int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
- {
- char buf[128] = "";
- int a;
- int fd;
- while (1)
- {
- printf("请选择要打开的灯(1,2,3)\n");
- scanf(" %d", &a);
- switch (a)
- {
- case 1:
- fd = open("/dev/myled0", O_RDWR);
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- printf("设备文件打开失败\n");
- exit(-1);
- }
- printf("打开文件myled0成功\n");
- break;
- case 2:
- fd = open("/dev/myled1", O_RDWR);
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- printf("设备文件打开失败\n");
- exit(-1);
- }
- printf("打开文件myled1成功\n");
- break;
- case 3:
- fd = open("/dev/myled2", O_RDWR);
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- printf("设备文件打开失败\n");
- exit(-1);
- }
- printf("打开文件myled2成功\n");
- break;
- default:
- printf("请输入范围内的数\n");
- }
-
- int b;
- printf("请开灯关灯(0/1)\n");
- scanf(" %d",&b);
- switch(b)
- {
- case 1:
- ioctl(fd,LED_ON);
- break;
- case 0:
- ioctl(fd,LED_OFF);
- break;
- default:
- printf("请输入'0'或'1'\n");
- }
- close(fd);
- printf("关闭文件\n");
- }
-
- return 0;
- }
-
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include
- #include "head.h"
-
- struct cdev *cdev;
- char kbuf[128]={0};
- unsigned int major=0;
- unsigned int minor=0;
- dev_t devno;
- module_param(major,uint,0664);//方便在命令行传递major的值
- struct class*cls;
- struct device *dev;
-
- gpio_t *vir_led1;
- gpio_t *vir_led2;
- gpio_t *vir_led3;
- unsigned int *vir_rcc;
-
- int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- int min=MINOR(inode->i_rdev);//根据打开的文件对应的设备号获取次设备号
- file->private_data=(void *)min;
- printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
- return 0;
- }
-
- long mycdev_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
- {
- int min=(int)file->private_data;
- switch(min)
- {
- case 0://控制LED1
- switch (cmd)
- {
- case LED_ON: // 开灯
- vir_led1->ODR |= 1 << 10;
- break;
- case LED_OFF://关灯
- vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
- break;
- }
- break;
- case 1://控制LED2
- switch (cmd)
- {
- case LED_ON: // 开灯
- vir_led2->ODR |= 1 << 10;
- break;
- case LED_OFF://关灯
- vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
- break;
- }
- break;
- case 2://控制LED3
- switch (cmd)
- {
- case LED_ON: // 开灯
- vir_led3->ODR |= 1 << 8;
- break;
- case LED_OFF://关灯
- vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1 << 8));
- break;
- }
- break;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
- return 0;
- }
-
- // 定义操作方法结构体变量并赋值
- struct file_operations fops = {
-
- .open = mycdev_open,
- .unlocked_ioctl = mycdev_ioctl,
- .release = mycdev_close,
- };
-
- int all_led_init(void)
- {
- // 寄存器地址的映射
- vir_led1 = ioremap(PHY_LED1_ADDR, sizeof(gpio_t));
- if (vir_led1 == NULL)
- {
- printk("ioremap filed:%d\n", __LINE__);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- vir_led2 = ioremap(PHY_LED2_ADDR, sizeof(gpio_t));
- if (vir_led2 == NULL)
- {
- printk("ioremap filed:%d\n", __LINE__);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- vir_led3 = vir_led1;
- vir_rcc = ioremap(PHY_RCC_ADDR, 4);
- if (vir_rcc == NULL)
- {
- printk("ioremap filed:%d\n", __LINE__);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- printk("物理地址映射成功\n");
- // 寄存器的初始化
- // rcc
- (*vir_rcc) |= (0X3 << 4);
- // led1
- vir_led1->MODER &= (~(3 << 20));
- vir_led1->MODER |= (1 << 20);
- vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
- // led2
- vir_led2->MODER &= (~(3 << 20));
- vir_led2->MODER |= (1 << 20);
- vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
- // led3
- vir_led3->MODER &= (~(3 << 16));
- vir_led1->MODER |= (1 << 16);
- vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1 << 8));
- printk("寄存器初始化成功\n");
-
- return 0;
- }
-
- static int __init mycdev_init(void)
- {
- int ret;
- //为字符设备驱动对象申请空间
- cdev=cdev_alloc();
- if(cdev==NULL)
- {
- printk("字符设备驱动对象申请空间失败\n");
- ret=-EFAULT;
- goto out1;
- }
- printk("申请对象空间成功\n");
- //初始化字符设备驱动对象
- cdev_init(cdev,&fops);
- //申请设备号
- if(major>0)//静态指定设备号
- {
- ret=register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),3,"myled");
- if(ret)
- {
- printk("静态申请设备号失败\n");
- goto out2;
- }
- }
- else if(major==0)//动态申请设备号
- {
- ret=alloc_chrdev_region(&devno,minor,3,"myled");
- if(ret)
- {
- printk("动态申请设备号失败\n");
- goto out2;
- }
- major=MAJOR(devno);//获取主设备号
- minor=MINOR(devno);//获取次设备号
-
- }
- printk("申请设备号成功\n");
- //注册字符设备驱动对象
- ret=cdev_add(cdev,MKDEV(major,minor),3);
- if(ret)
- {
- printk("注册字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
- goto out3;
- }
- printk("注册字符设备驱动对象成功\n");
-
- //寄存器映射及初始化
- all_led_init();
-
- //向上提交目录信息
- cls=class_create(THIS_MODULE,"myled");
- if(IS_ERR(cls))
- {
- printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
- ret=-PTR_ERR(cls);
- goto out4;
- }
- printk("向上提交目录成功\n");
- //向上提交设备节点信息
- int i;
- for(i=0;i<3;i++)
- {
- dev=device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,i),NULL,"myled%d",i);
- if(IS_ERR(dev))
- {
- printk("向上提交设备节点信息失败\n");
- ret=-PTR_ERR(dev);
- goto out5;
- }
- }
- printk("向上提交设备信息成功\n");
- return 0;
- out5:
- //释放前一次提交成功的设备信息
- for(--i;i>=0;i--)
- {
- device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
- }
- class_destroy(cls);//释放目录
- out4:
- cdev_del(cdev);
- out3:
- unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),3);
- out2:
- kfree(cdev);
- out1:
- return ret;
- }
- static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
- {
- /*销毁设备节点信息*/
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
- {
- device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
- }
- // 销毁目录信息
- class_destroy(cls);
- //注销驱动对象
- cdev_del(cdev);
- //释放设备号
- unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),3);
- //释放对象空间
- kfree(cdev);
- // 取消地址映射
- iounmap(vir_led1);
- iounmap(vir_led2);
- iounmap(vir_rcc);
- }
- module_init(mycdev_init);
- module_exit(mycdev_exit);
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
-