在pom.xml里加入如下依赖
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
- </dependency>
非常重要:检查依赖版本是否与你当前所用的版本是否一致,如果不一致,会连接失败!
- import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
- import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
- import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
-
- @Configuration
- public class ElasticSearchClientConfig {
- @Bean
- public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){
- RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
- RestClient.builder(
- new HttpHost("服务器IP", 9200, "http")));
- return client;
- }
- }
1.创建、判断存在、删除索引
- import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.delete.DeleteIndexRequest;
- import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedResponse;
- import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
- import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
- import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest;
- import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexResponse;
- import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexRequest;
- import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
-
- @SpringBootTest
- class ElasticsearchApplicationTests {
-
- @Autowired
- private RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;
-
- @Test
- void testCreateIndex() throws IOException {
- //1.创建索引请求
- CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("ljx666");
- //2.客户端执行请求IndicesClient,执行create方法创建索引,请求后获得响应
- CreateIndexResponse response=
- restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
- System.out.println(response);
- }
-
- @Test
- void testExistIndex() throws IOException {
- //1.查询索引请求
- GetIndexRequest request=new GetIndexRequest("ljx666");
- //2.执行exists方法判断是否存在
- boolean exists=restHighLevelClient.indices().exists(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
- System.out.println(exists);
- }
-
- @Test
- void testDeleteIndex() throws IOException {
- //1.删除索引请求
- DeleteIndexRequest request=new DeleteIndexRequest("ljx666");
- //执行delete方法删除指定索引
- AcknowledgedResponse delete = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
- System.out.println(delete.isAcknowledged());
- }
-
- }
2.对文档的CRUD
创建文档:
注意:如果添加时不指定文档ID,他就会随机生成一个ID,ID唯一。
创建文档时若该ID已存在,发送创建文档请求后会更新文档中的数据。
- @Test
- void testAddUser() throws IOException {
- //1.创建对象
- User user=new User("Go",21,new String[]{"内卷","吃饭"});
- //2.创建请求
- IndexRequest request=new IndexRequest("ljx666");
- //3.设置规则 PUT /ljx666/_doc/1
- //设置文档id=6,设置超时=1s等,不设置会使用默认的
- //同时支持链式编程如 request.id("6").timeout("1s");
- request.id("6");
- request.timeout("1s");
-
- //4.将数据放入请求,要将对象转化为json格式
- //XContentType.JSON,告诉它传的数据是JSON类型
- request.source(JSONValue.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);
-
- //5.客户端发送请求,获取响应结果
- IndexResponse indexResponse=restHighLevelClient.index(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
- System.out.println(indexResponse.toString());
- System.out.println(indexResponse.status());
- }
获取文档中的数据:
- @Test
- void testGetUser() throws IOException {
- //1.创建请求,指定索引、文档id
- GetRequest request=new GetRequest("ljx666","1");
- GetResponse getResponse=restHighLevelClient.get(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
-
- System.out.println(getResponse);//获取响应结果
- //getResponse.getSource() 返回的是Map集合
- System.out.println(getResponse.getSourceAsString());//获取响应结果source中内容,转化为字符串
-
- }
更新文档数据:
注意:需要将User对象中的属性全部指定值,不然会被设置为空,如User只设置了名称,那么只有名称会被修改成功,其他会被修改为null。
- @Test
- void testUpdateUser() throws IOException {
- //1.创建请求,指定索引、文档id
- UpdateRequest request=new UpdateRequest("ljx666","6");
-
- User user =new User("GoGo",21,new String[]{"内卷","吃饭"});
- //将创建的对象放入文档中
- request.doc(JSONValue.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON);
-
- UpdateResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.update(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
- System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//更新成功返回OK
- }
删除文档:
- @Test
- void testDeleteUser() throws IOException {
- //创建删除请求,指定要删除的索引与文档ID
- DeleteRequest request=new DeleteRequest("ljx666","6");
-
- DeleteResponse updateResponse=restHighLevelClient.delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
- System.out.println(updateResponse.status());//删除成功返回OK,没有找到返回NOT_FOUND
- }
3.批量CRUD数据
这里只列出了批量插入数据,其他与此类似。
注意:hasFailures()方法是返回是否失败,即它的值为false时说明上传成功
- @Test
- void testBulkAddUser() throws IOException {
- BulkRequest bulkRequest=new BulkRequest();
- //设置超时
- bulkRequest.timeout("10s");
-
- ArrayList<User> list=new ArrayList<>();
- list.add(new User("Java",25,new String[]{"内卷"}));
- list.add(new User("Go",18,new String[]{"内卷"}));
- list.add(new User("C",30,new String[]{"内卷"}));
- list.add(new User("C++",26,new String[]{"内卷"}));
- list.add(new User("Python",20,new String[]{"内卷"}));
-
- int id=1;
- //批量处理请求
- for (User u :list){
- //不设置id会生成随机id
- bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("ljx666")
- .id(""+(id++))
- .source(JSONValue.toJSONString(u),XContentType.JSON));
- }
-
- BulkResponse bulkResponse=restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
- System.out.println(bulkResponse.hasFailures());//是否执行失败,false为执行成功
- }
4.查询所有、模糊查询、分页查询、排序、高亮显示
- @Test
- void testSearch() throws IOException {
- SearchRequest searchRequest=new SearchRequest("ljx666");//里面可以放多个索引
- SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder=new SearchSourceBuilder();//构造搜索条件
-
- //此处可以使用QueryBuilders工具类中的方法
- //1.查询所有
- sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
- //2.查询name中含有Java的
- sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("java","name"));
- //3.分页查询
- sourceBuilder.from(0).size(5);
-
- //4.按照score正序排列
- //sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.scoreSort().order(SortOrder.ASC));
- //5.按照id倒序排列(score会失效返回NaN)
- //sourceBuilder.sort(SortBuilders.fieldSort("_id").order(SortOrder.DESC));
-
- //6.给指定字段加上指定高亮样式
- HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder=new HighlightBuilder();
- highlightBuilder.field("name").preTags("").postTags("");
- sourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);
-
- searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
- SearchResponse searchResponse=restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
-
- //获取总条数
- System.out.println(searchResponse.getHits().getTotalHits().value);
- //输出结果数据(如果不设置返回条数,大于10条默认只返回10条)
- SearchHit[] hits=searchResponse.getHits().getHits();
- for(SearchHit hit :hits){
- System.out.println("分数:"+hit.getScore());
- Map<String,Object> source=hit.getSourceAsMap();
- System.out.println("index->"+hit.getIndex());
- System.out.println("id->"+hit.getId());
- for(Map.Entry<String,Object> s:source.entrySet()){
- System.out.println(s.getKey()+"--"+s.getValue());
- }
- }
- }
1.大致流程
创建对应的请求 --> 设置请求(添加规则,添加数据等) --> 执行对应的方法(传入请求,默认请求选项)–> 接收响应结果(执行方法返回值)–> 输出响应结果中需要的数据(source,status等)
2.注意事项
如果不指定id,会自动生成一个随机id
正常情况下,不应该这样使用new IndexRequest(“ljx777”)
,如果索引发生改变了,那么代码都需要修改,可以定义一个枚举类或者一个专门存放常量的类,将变量用final static
等进行修饰,并指定索引值。其他地方引用该常量即可,需要修改也只需修改该类即可。
elasticsearch相关的东西,版本都必须一致,不然会报错
elasticsearch很消耗内存,建议在内存较大的服务器上运行elasticsearch,否则会因为内存不足导致elasticsearch自动killed