解决APP抓包问题【网络安全】

1.前言

在日常渗透过程中我们经常会遇到瓶颈无处下手，这个时候如果攻击者从APP进行突破，往往会有很多惊喜。但是目前市场上的APP都会为防止别人恶意盗取和恶意篡改进行一些保护措施，比如模拟器检测、root检测、APK加固、代码混淆、代码反调试、反脱壳、签名校验等等对抗机制。

而测试人员对APP进行渗透的首步操作通常就是上burp或者Charles这类抓包工具进行抓包，查看请求记录里的域名及链接地址是否可以进一步利用，但是如果遇到一些APP出现证书报错或者抓不到包的情况该怎么办，读过本篇文章之后，相信你会拥有一些新的解决方案和思考。

2.数字证书

我们都知道http协议传输的是明文信息，是可以直接捕获的，从而造成了数据泄露。为了防止中间人的拦截，出现了HTTPS加密机制。在HTTPS中，使用了证书+数字签名解决了这个问题。

此篇的重点在于如何应对APP的抓包对抗。

总结的HTTPS加密机制如下：

• 数字签名是发送方的明文经历了两次加密得到的两个东西组成，一个是hash ，一个是经过私钥加密。
• 数字证书就是明文+数字签名。但是数字证书中的内容远不止这俩，还包括了权威机构的信息，服务器的域名，最重要的是有签名的计算方法，不然用公钥进行解密之后的hash，如何与加密明文进行对比呢，还有证书中还包括公钥，公钥用于发放给请求证书的客户端。
• HTTPS就是使用SSL/TLS协议进行加密传输，让客户端拿到服务器的公钥，然后客户端随机生成一个对称加密的秘钥，使用公钥加密，传输给服务端，后续的所有信息都通过该对称秘钥进行加密解密，完成整个HTTPS的流程。

3.https抓包

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①网络安全学习路线
②20份渗透测试电子书
③安全攻防357页笔记
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⑥网络安全必备书籍
⑦100个漏洞实战案例
⑧安全大厂内部教程

导入用户证书

在第一次使用burp时，都会有这么一步，将burp的证书导出，添加进浏览器 【受信任的根证书颁发机构】中去，这样就会信任burp发来的请求包，也就可以请求数据进行修改。我们对APP抓包，也同样要将burp证书安装到系统证书中去，一般从【SD卡安装】的证书会存放在用户信任的凭据下

但是，在Android 7.0以前，应用默认会信任系统证书和用户证书，Android 7.0开始，默认只信任系统证书。

所以如果你的手机是处于Android7.0以上版本的话，并且在没有绑定SSL证书的情况下，也会抓不到包，从安卓开发的角度可以很清楚的看到这一点。

下图是我将burp证书安装到Android7.1.2的用户证书下，使用okhttp对https://ttt.com进行请求的结果。由于ttt.com的SSL证书是自签名证书，而自签名证书是不被系统默认信任的，所以需要先将ttt.com的自签名证书添加到系统证书中才可以访问。

自签名证书的生成如下图所示：

• 系统证书路径：/system/etc/security/cacerts/
• 用户证书路径：/data/misc/user/0/cacerts-added/

移动到系统根证书路径的方法：

1、导出burp.der

2、使用openssl更改证书格式,先将burp证书的der格式转成pem,再获取证书的hash

openssl x509 -inform DER -in burp.der -out burp.pem
openssl x509 -inform PEM -subject_hash_old -in burp.pem 

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3.移动到系统根证书目录路径下

Android根证书目录都是以pem证书的hash值+.0格式，所以要将刚才生成的pem改名为xxxx.0

mv burp.pem a5ba575.0

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由于系统读写权限问题，不一定能直接上传到system目录

adb push 9a5ba575.0 /sdcard

adb shell 
mount -o remount,rw /system
cp /sdcard/9a5ba575.0 /system/etc/security/cacerts/
chmod 644 /system/etc/security/cacerts/9a5ba575.0

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移动完成之后，再打开【设置】-【安全】-【信任的凭据】验证一下

这时可以在Android7.0以上版本正常访问https://ttt.com了，其他抓包工具同理即可。

证书有效期过长

还有一种情况是，导入到系统证书仍抓不到包，并且浏览器会报NET::ERR_CERT_VALIDITY_TOO_LONG错误。

原因是chrome从2018年开始只信任有效期少于825天（27个月）的证书，而burp证书有效期过长。

解决方案是自己做一个低于27个月的root证书导入burp，再通过burp重新导出证书并放入到系统证书路径下。

openssl genrsa -out key.pem 3072 -nodes
openssl req -new -x509 -key key.pem -sha256 -config openssl.cnf -out cert.pem -days 730 -subj "/C=JP/ST=/L=/O=m4bln/CN=MY CA"
openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey key.pem -in cert.pem -out cert_and_key.pfx
把cert_and_key.pfx导入burp

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目前还没遇到过这种情况，但是如果遇到了这种问题要知道怎么解决。

以上两种方法都是仅依靠了系统校验证书的方式进行抓包，APP在整个请求HTTPS的请求过程时还并未进行证书校验，和在普通的浏览器中访问并无区别，只是要将想要被信任的证书放入系统证书路径内。

4.SSLPinning

对于像ttt.com这种自签名的免费证书，不需要CA权威认证的证书，大多数APP开发商都会使用。那么如果在安卓开发的过程中，将证书的验证逻辑放在APP内部，与系统和浏览器毫无相关，这时再想将burp证书导入系统受信任路径下也于事无补了。

APP自己校验证书，分为两种，一种是将验证逻辑也在代码中，一种是写在安卓7.0之后才有的network-security-config中。

验证是方式也有两种，一种是验证证书公钥的hash值，一种是直接验证证书的公钥文件。

这种通过APP自身的验证方式就叫做证书绑定(也叫Certificate Pinning或SSL Pinning)。

那么如何去判断一个APP是否使用了证书绑定呢？首先拿到apk文件，用apktool工具进行反编译，查看敏感文件

apktool d -s  -o 

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开发人员经常会将网络配置的相关文件保存到指定位置，如下图就指定在了xml目录下。

所以在反编译后的res/xml目录下会有一个network_security_config.xml文件，打开看到标签，说明使用了证书绑定机制。

在配置文件中检验的两种方法

    
    

    
    
        www.ttt.com
        
            
        
    

    
    
        ttt.com
        
        
            7VMdvZE3PGbxb0Pgf1PlCp+MI8KZ2ZC5psM8TIylNDA=
        
        
        
            
        
    



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这两种校验机制出现一种即可，从代码中可以看出，ttt.com就是安卓自己要校验绑定的域名。

如果只是在这个文件进行校验，有两种解决方案：一是直接将文件中校验的部分或注释掉，再重新打包和签名即可，但是这过程又有些麻烦，并不是上上策，如果遇到了不能重打包的apk就尴尬了。。。二是最常用的也是最好用的frida来hook关键函数进行绕过，后面会讲解。当然有些人会直接在真机或者模拟器上安装xposed模块，但是我个人觉得每次使用都要软重启，可能还会造成卡机，所以感觉还是使用frida最方便。

在代码中检验的两种方法

1.利用代码校验证书的公钥hash

String hostname = "www.ttt.com";
CertificatePinner certificatePinner = new CertificatePinner.Builder()
    .add(hostname, "sha256/7VMdvZE3PGbxb0Pgf1PlCp+MI8KZ2ZC5psM8TIylNDA=")
    .build();
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
    .certificatePinner(certificatePinner)
    .hostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
        @Override
        public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
            return true;
        }
    }).build();

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2.利用代码校验证书的公钥证书文件

// 获取证书输入流
InputStream openRawResource = getApplicationContext().getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.ttt); 
Certificate ca = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509").generateCertificate(openRawResource);
// 创建 Keystore 包含我们的证书
KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
keyStore.load(null, null);
keyStore.setCertificateEntry("ca", ca);
// 创建一个 TrustManager 仅把 Keystore 中的证书 作为信任的锚点
TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); // 建议不要使用自己实现的X509TrustManager，而是使用默认的X509TrustManager
trustManagerFactory.init(keyStore);
// 用 TrustManager 初始化一个 SSLContext
sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");  //定义：public static SSLContext sslContext = null;
sslContext.init(null, trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(), new SecureRandom());

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
    .sslSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory(),
                      (X509TrustManager) trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers()[0] )
    .hostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
        @Override
        public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
            return true;
        }
    }).build();

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通过frida进行hook，这种绕过的脚本也很多，比较熟悉的有JustTrustMe和DroidSSLUnpinning，他们的底层原理都是一样的，通过hook关键的验证函数，进行逻辑绕过。

frida的安装过程就不详细讲解了，网上很多教程。这里我使用的是frida 12.8.0 + frida-tools=5.3.0

这里我使用的hook.js的脚本如下：

/*  Android ssl certificate pinning bypass script for various methods
by Maurizio Siddu modify by Ch3nYe

Run with:
frida -U -f [APP_ID] -l frida_multiple_unpinning.js --no-pause
*/
setTimeout(function() {
Java.perform(function () {
console.log('');
console.log('======');
console.log('[#] Android Bypass for various Certificate Pinning methods [#]');
console.log('======');

var X509TrustManager = Java.use('javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager');
var SSLContext = Java.use('javax.net.ssl.SSLContext');

// TrustManager (Android < 7) //

var TrustManager = Java.registerClass({
// Implement a custom TrustManager
name: 'dev.asd.test.TrustManager',
implements: [X509TrustManager],
methods: {
checkClientTrusted: function (chain, authType) {},
checkServerTrusted: function (chain, authType) {},
getAcceptedIssuers: function () {return []; }
}
});
// Prepare the TrustManager array to pass to SSLContext.init()
var TrustManagers = [TrustManager.$new()];
// Get a handle on the init() on the SSLContext class
var SSLContext_init = SSLContext.init.overload(
'[Ljavax.net.ssl.KeyManager;', '[Ljavax.net.ssl.TrustManager;', 'java.security.SecureRandom');
try {
// Override the init method, specifying the custom TrustManager
SSLContext_init.implementation = function(keyManager, trustManager, secureRandom) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Trustmanager (Android < 7) request');
SSLContext_init.call(this, keyManager, TrustManagers, secureRandom);
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] TrustManager (Android < 7) pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// OkHTTPv3 (quadruple bypass) //
/
try {
// Bypass OkHTTPv3 {1}
var okhttp3_Activity_1 = Java.use('okhttp3.CertificatePinner');
okhttp3_Activity_1.check.overload('java.lang.String', 'java.util.List').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing OkHTTPv3 {1}: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] OkHTTPv3 {1} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass OkHTTPv3 {2}
// This method of CertificatePinner.check could be found in some old Android app
var okhttp3_Activity_2 = Java.use('okhttp3.CertificatePinner');
okhttp3_Activity_2.check.overload('java.lang.String', 'java.security.cert.Certificate').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing OkHTTPv3 {2}: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] OkHTTPv3 {2} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass OkHTTPv3 {3}
var okhttp3_Activity_3 = Java.use('okhttp3.CertificatePinner');
okhttp3_Activity_3.check.overload('java.lang.String', '[Ljava.security.cert.Certificate;').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing OkHTTPv3 {3}: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch(err) {
console.log('[-] OkHTTPv3 {3} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass OkHTTPv3 {4}
var okhttp3_Activity_4 = Java.use('okhttp3.CertificatePinner');
okhttp3_Activity_4[''].implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing OkHTTPv3 {4}: ' + a);
};
} catch(err) {
console.log('[-] OkHTTPv3 {4} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// Trustkit (triple bypass) //
//
try {
// Bypass Trustkit {1}
var trustkit_Activity_1 = Java.use('com.datatheorem.android.trustkit.pinning.OkHostnameVerifier');
trustkit_Activity_1.verify.overload('java.lang.String', 'javax.net.ssl.SSLSession').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Trustkit {1}: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] Trustkit {1} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass Trustkit {2}
var trustkit_Activity_2 = Java.use('com.datatheorem.android.trustkit.pinning.OkHostnameVerifier');
trustkit_Activity_2.verify.overload('java.lang.String', 'java.security.cert.X509Certificate').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Trustkit {2}: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] Trustkit {2} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass Trustkit {3}
var trustkit_PinningTrustManager = Java.use('com.datatheorem.android.trustkit.pinning.PinningTrustManager');
trustkit_PinningTrustManager.checkServerTrusted.implementation = function () {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Trustkit {3}');
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] Trustkit {3} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// TrustManagerImpl (Android > 7) //

try {
var TrustManagerImpl = Java.use('com.android.org.conscrypt.TrustManagerImpl');
TrustManagerImpl.verifyChain.implementation = function (untrustedChain, trustAnchorChain, host, clientAuth, ocspData, tlsSctData) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing TrustManagerImpl (Android > 7): ' + host);
return untrustedChain;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] TrustManagerImpl (Android > 7) pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// Appcelerator Titanium //
///
try {
var appcelerator_PinningTrustManager = Java.use('appcelerator.https.PinningTrustManager');
appcelerator_PinningTrustManager.checkServerTrusted.implementation = function () {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Appcelerator PinningTrustManager');
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] Appcelerator PinningTrustManager pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// OpenSSLSocketImpl Conscrypt //
/
try {
var OpenSSLSocketImpl = Java.use('com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLSocketImpl');
OpenSSLSocketImpl.verifyCertificateChain.implementation = function (certRefs, JavaObject, authMethod) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing OpenSSLSocketImpl Conscrypt');
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] OpenSSLSocketImpl Conscrypt pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// OpenSSLEngineSocketImpl Conscrypt //
///
try {
var OpenSSLEngineSocketImpl_Activity = Java.use('com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLEngineSocketImpl');
OpenSSLSocketImpl_Activity.verifyCertificateChain.overload('[Ljava.lang.Long;', 'java.lang.String').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing OpenSSLEngineSocketImpl Conscrypt: ' + b);
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] OpenSSLEngineSocketImpl Conscrypt pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// OpenSSLSocketImpl Apache Harmony //
//
try {
var OpenSSLSocketImpl_Harmony = Java.use('org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl');
OpenSSLSocketImpl_Harmony.verifyCertificateChain.implementation = function (asn1DerEncodedCertificateChain, authMethod) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing OpenSSLSocketImpl Apache Harmony');
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] OpenSSLSocketImpl Apache Harmony pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// PhoneGap sslCertificateChecker (https://github.com/EddyVerbruggen/SSLCertificateChecker-PhoneGap-Plugin) //
//
try {
var phonegap_Activity = Java.use('nl.xservices.plugins.sslCertificateChecker');
phonegap_Activity.execute.overload('java.lang.String', 'org.json.JSONArray', 'org.apache.cordova.CallbackContext').implementation = function (a, b, c) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing PhoneGap sslCertificateChecker: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] PhoneGap sslCertificateChecker pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// IBM MobileFirst pinTrustedCertificatePublicKey (double bypass) //

try {
// Bypass IBM MobileFirst {1}
var WLClient_Activity_1 = Java.use('com.worklight.wlclient.api.WLClient');
WLClient_Activity_1.getInstance().pinTrustedCertificatePublicKey.overload('java.lang.String').implementation = function (cert) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing IBM MobileFirst pinTrustedCertificatePublicKey {1}: ' + cert);
return;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] IBM MobileFirst pinTrustedCertificatePublicKey {1} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass IBM MobileFirst {2}
var WLClient_Activity_2 = Java.use('com.worklight.wlclient.api.WLClient');
WLClient_Activity_2.getInstance().pinTrustedCertificatePublicKey.overload('[Ljava.lang.String;').implementation = function (cert) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing IBM MobileFirst pinTrustedCertificatePublicKey {2}: ' + cert);
return;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] IBM MobileFirst pinTrustedCertificatePublicKey {2} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// IBM WorkLight (ancestor of MobileFirst) HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning (quadruple bypass) //
///
try {
// Bypass IBM WorkLight {1}
var worklight_Activity_1 = Java.use('com.worklight.wlclient.certificatepinning.HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning');
worklight_Activity_1.verify.overload('java.lang.String', 'javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {1}: ' + a);
return;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {1} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass IBM WorkLight {2}
var worklight_Activity_2 = Java.use('com.worklight.wlclient.certificatepinning.HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning');
worklight_Activity_2.verify.overload('java.lang.String', 'java.security.cert.X509Certificate').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {2}: ' + a);
return;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {2} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass IBM WorkLight {3}
var worklight_Activity_3 = Java.use('com.worklight.wlclient.certificatepinning.HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning');
worklight_Activity_3.verify.overload('java.lang.String', '[Ljava.lang.String;', '[Ljava.lang.String;').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {3}: ' + a);
return;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {3} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}
try {
// Bypass IBM WorkLight {4}
var worklight_Activity_4 = Java.use('com.worklight.wlclient.certificatepinning.HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning');
worklight_Activity_4.verify.overload('java.lang.String', 'javax.net.ssl.SSLSession').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {4}: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] IBM WorkLight HostNameVerifierWithCertificatePinning {4} pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// Conscrypt CertPinManager //
//
try {
var conscrypt_CertPinManager_Activity = Java.use('com.android.org.conscrypt.CertPinManager');
conscrypt_CertPinManager_Activity.isChainValid.overload('java.lang.String', 'java.util.List').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Conscrypt CertPinManager: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] Conscrypt CertPinManager pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// CWAC-Netsecurity (unofficial back-port pinner for Android<4.2) CertPinManager //
///
try {
var cwac_CertPinManager_Activity = Java.use('com.commonsware.cwac.netsecurity.conscrypt.CertPinManager');
cwac_CertPinManager_Activity.isChainValid.overload('java.lang.String', 'java.util.List').implementation = function (a, b) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing CWAC-Netsecurity CertPinManager: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] CWAC-Netsecurity CertPinManager pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// Worklight Androidgap WLCertificatePinningPlugin //
/
try {
var androidgap_WLCertificatePinningPlugin_Activity = Java.use('com.worklight.androidgap.plugin.WLCertificatePinningPlugin');
androidgap_WLCertificatePinningPlugin_Activity.execute.overload('java.lang.String', 'org.json.JSONArray', 'org.apache.cordova.CallbackContext').implementation = function (a, b, c) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Worklight Androidgap WLCertificatePinningPlugin: ' + a);
return true;
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] Worklight Androidgap WLCertificatePinningPlugin pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// Netty FingerprintTrustManagerFactory //
//
try {
var netty_FingerprintTrustManagerFactory = Java.use('io.netty.handler.ssl.util.FingerprintTrustManagerFactory');
//NOTE: sometimes this below implementation could be useful
//var netty_FingerprintTrustManagerFactory = Java.use('org.jboss.netty.handler.ssl.util.FingerprintTrustManagerFactory');
netty_FingerprintTrustManagerFactory.checkTrusted.implementation = function (type, chain) {
console.log('[+] Bypassing Netty FingerprintTrustManagerFactory');
};
} catch (err) {
console.log('[-] Netty FingerprintTrustManagerFactory pinner not found');
//console.log(err);
}

// Squareup CertificatePinner [OkHTTP

frida -U -f com.example.safehttps -l hook.js --no-pause

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TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
trustManagerFactory.init((KeyStore) null);
TrustManager[] trustManagers = trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers();
if (trustManagers.length != 1 || !(trustManagers[0] instanceof X509TrustManager)) {
    throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected default trust managers:" + Arrays.toString(trustManagers));
}
trustManager = (X509TrustManager) trustManagers[0];

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .sslSocketFactory(Objects.requireNonNull(ClientSSLSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(getApplicationContext())), Objects.requireNonNull(trustManager))
        .hostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
            @Override
            public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
                //强行返回true 即验证成功
                return true;
            }
}).build();

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public class ClientSSLSocketFactory  {
    private static final String KEY_STORE_PASSWORD = "123456"; // 证书密码
    private static InputStream client_input;

    public static SSLSocketFactory getSocketFactory(Context context) {
        try {
            //客户端证书
            client_input = context.getResources().getAssets().open("client.p12");
            SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
            keyStore.load(client_input, KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
            KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance(KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
            keyManagerFactory.init(keyStore, KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
            sslContext.init(keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers(), null, new SecureRandom());
            return sslContext.getSocketFactory();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                client_input.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

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