如何使用IntelliJ IDEA将普通项目转换为Maven项目

普通项目与Maven项目差异

直接先上图，使用IDEA创建的普通JAVA项目结构如下：

可以看到普通java项目除了一个src及配置信息外，空空如也。通过IDEA工具创建Maven项目

创建的项目结构如下：

多了一个pom.xml文件，并且src文件夹中自动创建了main/java、main/resources等文件夹，方便管理。很明显使用maven来管理项目更加方便管理。同样各种开发环境都有各种的包管理工具，如PHP中会使用Composer，nodejs使用npm，android开发常用Gradle方式来进行包依赖管理。

如何在IDEA中转换普通项目

由于之前项目是普通项目，所以需要将其转换为Maven项目，在IDEA实现转换很简单，主要有以下方法：

添加Maven支持：

右键选项 “Add Framework Support”，如下：

然后设置maven相关信息：

最后编辑下pom.xml文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>

    <groupId>jstudy.mybatisgroupId>
    <artifactId>java-mybatis-tinyartifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>14maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>14maven.compiler.target>
    properties>
    
project>
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至此，转换完毕。

添加pom.xml文件转换

在项目根目录下添加pom.xml，并将上面内容粘贴，IDE工具将会自动识别maven项目，然后点击同步下项目：

转换完毕。

pom.xml文件说明

由于使用maven管理项目，顺便将pom.xml文件配置详解记录一下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
                      http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>


    
    
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
        <version>2.7.4version>
        
        <relativePath /> 
    parent>
    
    
    <groupId>org.examplegroupId>
    
    <artifactId>learn-pomartifactId>
    
    
    
    
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    
    <packaging>jarpackaging>
    
    <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            
            <groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>3.0.0version>
            
            <type>jartype>
            
            
            
            
            
            
            <scope>testscope>
            
            <systemPath>systemPath>
            
            <optional>trueoptional>
            
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
                    <artifactId>springfox-boot-teseterartifactId>
                exclusion>
            exclusions>
        dependency>
    dependencies>
    
    <dependencyManagement>dependencyManagement>
    
    <properties>
        <sf.version>2.0.0sf.version>
    properties>
    
    <modules>
        <module>project-1module>
        <module>project-2module>
        <module>project-3module>
    modules>

    
    
    <build>
        
        <defaultGoal>installdefaultGoal>
        
        <directory>${basedir}/targetdirectory>
        
        <sourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/javasourceDirectory>
        <scriptSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/scriptsscriptSourceDirectory>
        <outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/classesoutputDirectory>
        <testOutputDirectory>${basedir}/target/test-classestestOutputDirectory>
        <testSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/test/javatestSourceDirectory>
        
        <finalName>myproject-SNAPSHOTfinalName>
        
        <filters>
            <filter>myproject.propertiesfilter>
        filters>
        
        <extensions>
            <extension>
                <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
                <version>8.0.30version>
            extension>
        extensions>
        
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
                
                <extensions>falseextensions>
                
                <inherited>trueinherited>
                
                <dependencies>dependencies>
                
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
                            <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
                        exclude>
                    excludes>
                configuration>
                
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        
                        <id>testerid>
                        
                        <goals>
                            <goal>rungoal>
                        goals>
                        
                        <inherited>falseinherited>
                        
                        <configuration>configuration>
                    execution>
                executions>
            plugin>
        plugins>
        
        <pluginManagement>pluginManagement>
    build>
    
    <reporting>
        <plugins>plugins>
    reporting>

    
    
    <name>learn pomname>
    
    <description>just learn pom projectdescription>
    
    <inceptionYear>2020inceptionYear>
    
    <url>https://github.com/url>
    
    <licenses>
        <license>
            
            <name>My Licensename>
            
            <distribution>githubdistribution>
            
            <url>https://github.com/url>
            
            <comments>Just my Licensecomments>
        license>
    licenses>
    
    <organization>
        
        <name>My Corname>
        
        <url>https://github.com/url>
    organization>
    
    <developers>
        <developer>
            <id>masterid>
            <name>hunkxianame>
            <email>hunk.xia@gmail.comemail>
            <organization>My Cororganization>
            <organizationUrl>https://github.com/organizationUrl>
            
            <roles>
                <role>masterrole>
            roles>
            
            <properties>properties>
        developer>
    developers>
    
    <contributors>contributors>

    
    
    <issueManagement>
        
        <system>isssystem>
        <url>https://github.com/url>
    issueManagement>
    
    <ciManagement>
        
        <system>cissystem>
        
        <url>https://github.com/url>
        
        <notifiers>
            <notifier>
                <type>mailtype>
                <sendOnError>truesendOnError>
                <sendOnFailure>truesendOnFailure>
                <sendOnSuccess>truesendOnSuccess>
                <sendOnWarning>truesendOnWarning>
                <address>hunk.xia@gmail.comaddress>
                
                <configuration>configuration>
            notifier>
        notifiers>
    ciManagement>
    
    <mailingLists>
        
        <mailingList>
            <name>list-1name>
            <subscribe>subscribe>
            <unsubscribe>unsubscribe>
            <post>post>
            <archive>archive>
            <otherArchives>otherArchives>
        mailingList>
    mailingLists>
    
    <scm>
        <connection>connection>
        <developerConnection>developerConnection>
        <tag>HEADtag>
        <url>url>
    scm>
    
    <prerequisites>prerequisites>
    
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>my reposid>
            <name>My Repositoryname>
            <url>http://repo.myrepos.cn/content/groups/public/url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>trueenabled>
                <updatePolicy>dailyupdatePolicy>
            releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>trueenabled>
                <checksumPolicy>warnchecksumPolicy>
            snapshots>
            <layout>defaultlayout>
        repository>
    repositories>
    
    <pluginRepositories>pluginRepositories>
    
    <distributionManagement>
        <repository>repository>
        <site>site>
        <downloadUrl>downloadUrl>
        <status>status>
    distributionManagement>
    
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>releaseid>
            <build>
                <resources>
                    <resource>
                        <directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*include>
                        includes>
                    resource>
                resources>
            build>
        profile>

        <profile>
            <id>testid>
            <build>
                <resources>
                    <resource>
                        <directory>src/test/resourcesdirectory>
                        <includes>
                            <include>config/*.propertiesinclude>
                            <include>log4j.xmlinclude>
                        includes>
                    resource>
                    <resource>
                        <directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*.xmlinclude>
                        includes>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>log4j.xmlexclude>
                        excludes>
                    resource>
                resources>
            build>
            <activation>
                <activeByDefault>trueactiveByDefault>
            activation>
        profile>
    profiles>
project>
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本篇完，下次再深入讲解和研究下多项目（父子项目、依赖项目）如何规范配置。