• 【英语:基础进阶_听口实战运用】D5.听力对话训练


    1.目标

    1. 了解对话类听力题目的六大命题类型
    2. 掌握不同对话类题目应对策略

    1.1.对话类听力话题

    • 对话类听力材料涉及
      • 日常生活
      • 文化教育
      • 风土人情
      • 科普常识
      • 时事报道
    • 常见话题
      • 问候
      • 邀请
      • 约会
      • 看病
      • 看病
      • 通知
      • 问路
      • 旅行
      • 探亲
      • 工作
      • 求职
      • 学习
      • 咨询
      • 交通
      • 天气
      • 打电话
      • 问时间
      • 事故灾害
      • 新闻报道

    2.对话类听力命题类型

    • 地点与场景型
    • 时间与数字型
    • 职业与身份型
    • 征求意见型
    • 因果关系型
    • 推理判断型

    2.1.地点与场景型

    在这类题目中,往往不能直接听到对话中出现关键的地名。
    必须根据对话情节来推断事件发生的地点。

    例:
    Where will the speakers probably go?
    A.To a stationery shop.
    B.To a gymnasium.
    C.To a paint store.
    D.To a news stand.

    W: My printer is out of paper. l will run and get some.
    M: l will go with you.l need some fresh air.

    2.1.1.常见提问形式

    • Where does this conversation probably take place?
    • Where did it happen?
    • Where are the speakers?
    • Where is the woman/man speaker going?

    2.1.2.解答此类题目需要

    • 熟悉与常考地点有关的关键词。
    • 把对话中人物的身份和关系作为判断基础,然后再与对话情节结合起来。
    • 注意一些介词和地点名词的组合,以及一些表示方位的词。

    2.1.3.解答此类题目需要

    • 饭店: waiter,tip,menu,order,drink,food…
    • 旅馆: check in/out,room,book ,reception…
    • 商店: price,size,wear,clothes,cash,fashion,suit,afford,expensive,cheap…
    • 银行: account,check,bank ,credit/debit card…
    • 邮局: stamp,mail,package,postage,postcard,letter,parcel…
    • 法院: court,judge,crime,lawyer,sentence,admit…
    • 医院: doctor,patient,operation,medicine,temperature,headache,dentist,cure…
    • 办公室: project,work,colleague,manager,presentation…
    • 学校: campus,teacher,exam,homework,subject…
    • 车站/机场: ticket,visa,platform,flight,stop…

    2.1.4.举例

    1)例题1

    Where does the conversation most probably take place?
    A.At a restaurant.
    B.At a car rental agency.
    C. In a bank.
    D. In a driving school.

    M: Moring,l have a reservation. The name is Blake Smith.
    W: OK. We’ve got a nice car already.I need to see your driver’s license and your credit card.

    2)例题2

    Where does the conversation probably take place?
    A.At a paint store.
    B.At an oil market.
    C.At a science museum.
    D.At a gallery.

    M: So how do you like this oil painting?
    W: lf l had enough room in my apartment,I would buy it.

    2.2.时间与数字型

    这一类型题考查的多是以when,what time,how long等开头的特殊疑问句,涉及数字和时间的相关内容。

    例:
    How long has the woman been an author?
    A.about 30 years.
    B.About 40 years.
    C. About 70 years.

    M: So,Jane,how long have you been an author?
    W: Well,Tom,l didn’t start writing until l was in my thirties.And lam over 70 now.So goodness,I must have been writing for about 40 years.

    2.2.1.常见提问形式

    • What time…
    • When…
    • How long…
    • How much…
    • How many…
    • How far…
    • How often…
    • How soon…

    比如:

    • When does the conversation probably take place?
    • What time will the football match start?
    • How long did it take the man to write his paper?

    2.2.2.解答此类题目需要

    1. 提高对数字的敏感程度,包括多位数、分数、小数、百分数的读法。
    2. 在听懂数字的基础上,进行一些快速运算的能力。
    3. 对于时间、日期、电话号码、航班号、房间号等都要有快速反应的能万。可以回顾我们前面讲数字内容的课程。

    2.2.3.举例

    1)例题1

    How many coats does the woman want?
    A.25
    B.30
    C. 50

    What is the order number for gloves?
    A.P25G5
    B.P26T5
    C.P28D5

    M: How can l help you,Miss Johnson?
    W: Hmm,first l’d like to order 30 coats,orderNo.P25G5.
    M: OK,order No.P25G5,coats: 30.
    W: Hmm,how much are they?
    M: 45 dollars each.
    W: OK,and gloves.Order No.P28D5.How much arethey?
    M: 5 dollars a pair. How many do you need?w: 50.
    M: Gloves: 50 pairs. 5 dollars a pair,P28D5.OK.
    W: And shoes. Err,25 pairs of order No.P26T5.
    M:.Shoes: order No.P26T5,25 pairs at 18 dollars apair. ls that OK?
    W: Yes.That’s fine.

    2)例题2

    When will the man be home from work?
    A.At 5:45.
    B.At 6:15.
    C.At 6:50.

    Where will the speakers go?
    A.The Green House Cinema.
    B.The New State Cinema.
    C. The UME Cinema.

    W: What do you want to do tonight?
    M: How about going tothe cinema? l should be home from work at 5:45.Then we can go out and eat before we see a film.
    W: What do you want to see?
    M: There’s a good art film at the Green House Cinema.
    W: Let’s see…it starts at 6:15.l don’t think we can get there in time to seethe beginning.How about the action film at the New State Cinema? lt startsat 6:50.Perhaps the 7:00 one at the UME Cinema is even better. lt starsJackie Chan.
    M: OK,that’s fine.l like him,too.

    2.3.职业与身份型

    这一类题需要考生从对话中了解双方的职业、身份、国籍、双方之间的关系等。


    Who might Mr. Peterson be?
    A.A new professor.
    B.A department head.
    C.A company director.

    W: Did you hear that Mr. Peterson is coming next week,Gordon?
    M: Yes,so l called all the department heads to my office this morning. We need togive him reports on our program.

    2.3.1.常见提问形式

    • Who is the woman/man speaker?
    • What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
    • What’s the woman’s job?
    • What’s the profession of the man?
    • What’s the man speaker?
    • What does the woman speaker do

    2.3.2.解答此类题目需要

    1. 了解常见的职业英文词汇。(可回顾核心名词部分内容)
    2. 解答问题时,需根据对话所提供的内容结合生活常识进行判断。

    2.3.2.举例

    1)例题1

    What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
    A. Driver and passenger.
    B.Husband and wife.
    C.Fellow workers.

    M: Hey,Lucy. Do you have some time to talk about next week’s trip with me?
    W: Sure,Dave.
    M: OK.So,we’re leaving on Monday from Hartsfield International Airport,and returning on Friday.Do we take ourselves to the airport?Maybe we need to book a taxi,or just go by bus.
    W: No,we don’t have to.The company car will pick us up and take us there.M: Oh,that’s good. When?
    W: Our flight leaves at 11:00 a.m.,so they should pick us up between 8:00 and 9:00a.m. Besides,the company pays for ourtrip,includinghotel and food.
    M:How much will that be?
    W: Well,New York is a pretty expensive city. So,each of us will get $200 a day.
    M: Oh,OK. Thanks for telling me that.
    W: You’re welcome.

    2)例题2

    What was the speaker’s previous job?
    A.A book publisher.
    B.A company manager.
    C.A magazine editor.
    D.A school principal.

    l am Lynn.
    My previous job was as principal of a languageschool,where l received awards for training teachers to teachmore effectively.
    A year ago,l started an international company. l spent months conducting programs in the US andRussia.
    During this time,some Russian immigrants came tostay at my house.
    Fortunately,these visitors helped a lot athome and made life easier.
    At the same time,l wrote severalbooks to be published by my company and coedited a bookfor a major publisher.

    2.4.征求意见型

    这一类题型一般包括征求对方对某事的看法,或者是否同意自己的观点等。


    What does the woman think of her hometown?
    A. Promising
    B. Isolated
    C. Crowded
    D. Modern

    M: Hi,Grace.Tell me something about your hometown.
    W: lt’s so beautiful and peaceful.But it’s really far away from everything.

    2.4.1.常见提问形式

    • What does the man think of the…?
    • How did the woman like the…?
    • What does the man say of the…?
    • What’s the man’s attitude towards the…?
    • Which aspect the … does the woman like?

    2.4.2.解答此类题目需要

    1. 对于一方提出的问题或谈到的看法,另一方出于礼貌或谦虚等因素,常常采用不直接了当的回答,而是采取婉转的方式表达自己的想法。此时要注意说话者的语气和语调,如果可作为判断重要依据。
    2. 选项中可能会出现生词,因此要多积累观点态度类的词汇表达。

    2.4.3.举例

    1)例题1

    What does the man think of the book?
    A.Quite difficult.
    B.Very interesting.
    C.Too simple.

    W: l hope you like the book l lent you. l wasn’t sure if you’d be interested.
    M: l had the same doubt at first.But once l started,l simply couldn’t put it down.

    2)例题2

    What does the man say of the editorial?
    A.lt spoke highly of the mayor.
    B.lt misinterpreted the mayor’s speecbp
    C.lt made the mayor’s view clearer.
    D.lt carried the mayor’s speech accurately.

    M: Did you read the editorial in the newspaper about the mayor’s speech?
    M: Sure,l did.But l think they twisted the meaning of what he said.

    2.5.因果关系型

    一般是对话中包含某种结果,我们可以从内容中找到其原因。


    Why doesn’t the man choose Japanese food?
    A.He doesn’t like Japanese food.
    B.He ate Japanese food last night.
    C.He thinks Japanese food is expensive.

    M: Excuse me,madam.l am looking for a place to eat. Can you tell me if there are any restaurants in theshopping center?
    W: Sure,there are several. What kind of food are you thinking about?
    M: l am not sure,anything but fast food.
    W: There is a nice Japanese restaurant upstairs. lt’s a little expensive,but the food is good.
    M: Oh,sounds good.But l ate Japanese food last night. I’d rather try something else.

    2.5.1.常见提问形式

    • Why would the woman speaker refuse the man’s invitation?
    • What did the man speaker do it for?
    • For what reason did the woman sell her car?
    • What’s the reason why the man speaker is late?

    2.5.2.解答此类题目需要

    1. 注意说话者的语气和语调,如果可作为判断重要依据。
    2. 选项中可能会出现生词,因此要多积累观点态度类形容词。

    2.5.3.举例

    1)例题1

    Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman?
    A. He has a pain in his knee.
    B. He wants to watch TV.
    C.He is too lazy.

    W:Harry,let’s play some ping-pong today.
    M: I’d love to play a set or two,but my right arm hurts. I’ve decidedto stop playing ping-pong until it feels better.
    W: Well,how about going skating?
    M: l’d like to,but my knee hurts,too.
    W: Harry,stop making excuses ! You’re just lazy.
    M: No,I’m not! You know,there’s a basketball match on TV today.Let’s just stay home and watch it.
    W: OK.You stay,and I’ll play with Helen.

    2)例题2

    Why does the Chinese New Year change every year?
    A. lt’s set as a holiday.
    B. lt’s in the extra month.
    C. It’s based on the different calendars.

    W: So l was just in San Francisco,and…
    M: Nice.
    W: l know,l love that town,and we went into China Town,which…err,l love China Town in San Francisco.
    M: Theirs is the best,you know. Ours is like two blocks here.
    W: Absolutely. Yeah,anyhow,Chinese New Year,it changes every year,because it’s not aset holiday.
    M: ls that right?
    W: It’s because every year is actuall…is based on the different calendars.And l. …l can’t speak very specifically on that.But they have an extra month.
    M: The Jewish calendar is kind of like that too.
    W: Anyhow,back to Chinese New Year,so do you know what year this year is? lt’s the yearof the pig.
    M: How many different animals do they have?w: Twelve ,twelve different animals.
    M: Oh,yeah?
    W: Yeah. lt’s really interesting.But do you know what year,what animal you are?
    M: Err,l don’t know why l know,but I was born in the year of the rooster.
    W: Oh,yeah? l am an ox.

    2.6.推理判断型

    • 听力试题中难度较大的一类
    • 此类题型—般涉及到整段对话的内容,答案往往不能从某一句话或某个词上就能猜测出来
    • 考查综合分析和推理判断能力。


    What does the woman imply?
    A. She doesn’t plan to continue studying next year.
    B. She has already told the man about her plan.
    C. She isn’t planning to leave her university.
    D. She recently visited a different university.

    M: You are not planning to transfer to a different university nextyear,are you?
    W: lf l were,you’d be the first one to know.

    2.6.1.常见提问形式

    • What do we learn from the conversation?
    • What does the conversation tell us?
    • What does the man mean?
    • What does the woman imply?
    • What will the man do first?
    • Which of the following is true according to the conversation?
    • What can we conclude from the man’s reply?

    2.6.2.常见解答此类题目需要

    1. 很难从对话中直接找出答案,要看它的内涵是什么,要经过判断分析和逻辑推理后,才能做出正确的选择。
    2. 在听懂对话内容的基础上,根据字里行间,上下文,语气,语境,句子结构等多种因素来判断和理解当事人的意向,态度等。
    3. 要从整体上把握对话内容,探究其内在的含义。

    2.6.3.举例

    1)例题1

    What will the man do first?
    A.Catch the train.
    B.Meet Jane.
    C.Get some stationery.
    D.Clean the backyard.

    W: Would you please help me clean the back yard today?
    M: Sure.l am picking Jane up from the railway station at 3,but l willhelp you as soon as l get back.

    2)例题2

    What does the man imply the women should do?
    A.Use a computer in the lab.
    B.Take a chemistry course.
    C.Help him revise his report.
    D.Get her computer repaired.

    W: My computer’s broken down.Could l useyours to write a chemistry paper?
    M: Sorry,I am in the middle of revising my report.You know the computer lab is still open.

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  • 原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/u012549626/article/details/126802652