注：例子中我移除了一些不必要的代码，以免过多没必要的代码影响大家的理解和阅读

接口

class ContractController extends Controller
{
	/**
     * @描述：上传文件到本地
     * @param Request $request
     */
    public function editUpload(Request $request)
    {
        try {
            $extension = $request->file('file')->extension(); //上传文件的文件扩展名
            if ($extension != 'pdf') {
                throw new \Exception("请上传pdf格式文件");
            }
            $name = $request->file('file')->getClientOriginalName(); //上传文件的原始名称
            $path = $request->file('file')->storeAs('/uploads/renewalPlug/contract', $name, 'uploads');
            $result['cndLocation'] = '/' . $path;
            return $this->created($result);
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            return $this->error("上传失败：" . $e->getMessage());
        }
    }
  }
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配置路由

//上传合同文件
Route::post('guild/contract/editUpload', [C\Guild\ContractController::class, 'editUpload']);
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前端调用

<template>
    <div v-loading="loading || $store.state.error_loading" class="main">
        <el-form :model="ruleForm" status-icon ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
        
            <el-form-item label="默认合同" prop="is_default">
                <el-switch v-model="ruleForm.is_default" active-color="#13ce66" inactive-color="#ff4949"
                    :active-value="1" :inactive-value="0">
                </el-switch>
            </el-form-item>
            
            <el-form-item label="标题" prop="title" :rules="[{ required: true, message: '标题不能为空' },]">
                <el-input v-model="ruleForm.title"></el-input>
            </el-form-item>

            <el-form-item label="选择合同" :rules="[{ required: true, message: '文件不能为空' },]">
                <el-upload 
                    @click.native="editUploadPng" 
                    class="upload-demo" drag :on-success="handleAvatarSuccess"
                    :before-upload="beforeAvatarUpload" 
                    action="/admin-api/guild/contract/editUpload"
                    :data="cachainData"
                    :limit="1" 
                    :file-list="fileList" 
                    :before-remove="beforeRemove" 
                    list-type="pdf">
                    <i class="el-icon-upload"></i>
                    <div class="el-upload__text">将文件拖到此处，或<em>点击上传</em></div>
                    <div class="el-upload__tip" slot="tip">只能上传pdf文件,且不超过10M</div>
                </el-upload>
            </el-form-item>

            <el-form-item>
                <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')" v-html="status == 'edit' ? `更改` : `新增`">
                </el-button>
            </el-form-item>
        </el-form>
    </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
    channel_name: 'Edit',
    filters: {},
    data() {
        return {
            regions: [],
            loading: false,
            regonShow: false,
            ruleForm: {
                is_default: 0,
            },
            cachainData: {},
            fileList: []
        }
    },

    watch: {
        dialogVisible(val) {
            if (val) this.initData()
        }
    },
    mounted() {
        this.initData();
    },
    created() {
    },
    methods: {
        initData() {
			this.fileList = [];
          	this.fileList.push({ 'name': '默认显示名', 'url': 'url地址' })          
        },
        editUploadPng() {
            this.cachainData = {
                // id: this.ruleForm.id,
                // platform_id: this.ruleForm.platform_id || 0,
                // plugin_name: this.ruleForm.title,
            }
        },
        beforeAvatarUpload(file) {
            const isLt2M = file.size / 1024 / 1024 < 10;
            if (!isLt2M) {
                this.$message.error('上传文件大小不能超过 10MB!');
            }
            // 截取上传文件的后缀名
            let fileType = file.name.substring(file.name.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
            if (fileType !== 'pdf') {
                this.$message.error('上传文件必须是pdf格式');
            }
            return isLt2M;
        },
        handleAvatarSuccess(res, file) {
            this.ruleForm.url = res.cndLocation;
        },
        beforeRemove(file, fileList) {
            // console.log(file)
            //pop方法是删除数值最后一个值
            // fileList.pop()
            this.ruleForm.url = '';
        }
    }
}
</script>
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结果