当我们执行AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);这行代码的时候相当于spring容器启动。

先执行this方法:
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
//调用该构造方法时,会先调用父类的构造方法 创建一个beanFactory
StartupStep createAnnotatedBeanDefReader = this.getApplicationStartup().start("spring.context.annotated-bean-reader.create");
this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
createAnnotatedBeanDefReader.end();
//spring 扫描器 通过调用该类的scan方法进行扫描
this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
}
public AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Environment environment) {
Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
Assert.notNull(environment, "Environment must not be null");
//registry就是GenericApplicationContext的beanFactory
this.registry = registry;
//构建@Conditional注解的解析器
this.conditionEvaluator = new ConditionEvaluator(registry, environment, null);
//把BeanPostProcessor类型的BeanDefinition,注册到BeanFactory
AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);
}
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext继承GenericApplicationContext所以先调用GenericApplicationContext的构造方法创建一个this.beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory()。然后接着创建了AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader和ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner。
在构造AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader的时候额外的把BeanPostProcessor类型的BeanDefinition注册到BeanFactory中,同时添加环境变量到Environment中。基本上this()的流程就是这些。
this()执行完后 register(componentClasses)就是把传进来的类注册到BeanFactory。重点是refresh()方法
refresh()
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.refresh");
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
//环境参数和监听器相关的准备
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
//如果有创建新的beanFactory就返回新的beanFactory ,如果没有就返回之前的beanFactory
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
// 准备BeanFactory
// 1. 设置BeanFactory的类加载器、表达式解析器、类型转化注册器
// 2. 添加三个BeanPostProcessor,注意是具体的BeanPostProcessor实例对象
// 3. 记录ignoreDependencyInterface
// 4. 记录ResolvableDependency
// 5. 添加三个单例和环境变量有关的Bean
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
// 子类来设置一下BeanFactory
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.beans.post-process");
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
// BeanFactory准备好了之后,执行BeanFactoryPostProcessor,开始对BeanFactory进行处理
// 默认情况下:
// 此时beanFactory的beanDefinitionMap中有6个BeanDefinition,5个基础BeanDefinition+AppConfig的BeanDefinition
// 而这6个中只有一个BeanFactoryPostProcessor:ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
// 这里会执行ConfigurationClassPostProcessor进行@Component的扫描,扫描得到BeanDefinition,并注册到beanFactory中
// 注意:扫描的过程中可能又会扫描出其他的BeanFactoryPostProcessor,那么这些BeanFactoryPostProcessor也得在这一步执行
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
// 将扫描到的BeanPostProcessors实例化并排序,并添加到BeanFactory的beanPostProcessors属性中去
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
beanPostProcess.end();
// Initialize message source for this context
// 国际化的初始化.
// 设置ApplicationContext的MessageSource,要么是用户设置的,要么是DelegatingMessageSource
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
// 事件发布器的初始化
// 设置ApplicationContext的applicationEventMulticaster,么是用户设置的,要么是SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
// 给子类的模板方法
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
//事件监听器的初始化
// 把定义的ApplicationListener的Bean对象,设置到ApplicationContext中去,并执行在此之前所发布的事件
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
//实例化非懒加载的bean
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
//spring容器启动完成后的后续操作 添加程序员定义的容器生命周期监听器, 发布容器启动成功事件等
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
contextRefresh.end();
}
}
}
refresh()的大致流程注释中已经说明,下面针对spring的启动做一个流程总结
spring启动底层原理流程图:https://www.processon.com/view/link/5f60a7d71e08531edf26a919
以AnnotationConfigApplicationContext为例子。
一:在调用AnnotationConfigApplicationContext的构造方法之前,会调用父类GenericApplicationContext的无参构造方法,会构造一个BeanFactory,为DefaultListableBeanFactory。
二:构造AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(主要作用添加一些基础的PostProcessor,同时可以通过reader进行BeanDefinition的注册),同时对BeanFactory进行设置和添加PostProcessor(后置处理器)
三:构造ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(主要作用可以用来扫描得到并注册BeanDefinition),同时进行设置:
四:利用reader注册AppConfig为BeanDefinition,类型为AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition
五:接下来就是调用refresh方法
六:prepareRefresh()
七:obtainFreshBeanFactory():进行BeanFactory的refresh,在这里会去调用子类的refreshBeanFactory方法,具体子类是怎么刷新的得看子类,然后再调用子类的getBeanFactory方法,重新得到一个BeanFactory
八:prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory):
九:postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory) : 提供给AbstractApplicationContext的子类进行扩展,具体的子类,可以继续向BeanFactory中再添加一些东西
十:invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory):执行BeanFactoryPostProcessor
十一:到此,所有的BeanFactoryPostProcessor的逻辑都执行完了,主要做的事情就是得到BeanDefinition并注册到BeanFactory中
十二:registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory):因为上面的步骤完成了扫描,这个过程中程序员可能自己定义了一些BeanPostProcessor,在这一步就会把BeanFactory中所有的BeanPostProcessor找出来并实例化得到一个对象,并添加到BeanFactory中去(属性beanPostProcessors),最后再重新添加一个ApplicationListenerDetector对象(之前其实就添加了过,这里是为了把ApplicationListenerDetector移动到最后)
十三:initMessageSource():如果BeanFactory中存在一个叫做"messageSource"的BeanDefinition,那么就会把这个Bean对象创建出来并赋值给ApplicationContext的messageSource属性,让ApplicationContext拥有国际化的功能
十四:initApplicationEventMulticaster():如果BeanFactory中存在一个叫做"applicationEventMulticaster"的BeanDefinition,那么就会把这个Bean对象创建出来并赋值给ApplicationContext的applicationEventMulticaster属性,让ApplicationContext拥有事件发布的功能
十五:onRefresh():提供给AbstractApplicationContext的子类进行扩展,没用
十六:registerListeners():从BeanFactory中获取ApplicationListener类型的beanName,然后添加到ApplicationContext中的事件广播器applicationEventMulticaster中去,到这一步因为FactoryBean还没有调用getObject()方法生成Bean对象,所以这里要在根据类型找一下ApplicationListener,记录一下对应的beanName
十七:inishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory):完成BeanFactory的初始化,主要就是实例化非懒加载的单例Bean。在生命周期部分分析过
十八:finishRefresh():BeanFactory的初始化完后,就到了Spring启动的最后一步了
十九:设置ApplicationContext的lifecycleProcessor,默认情况下设置的是DefaultLifecycleProcessor
二十:调用lifecycleProcessor的onRefresh()方法,如果是DefaultLifecycleProcessor,那么会获取所有类型为Lifecycle的Bean对象,然后调用它的start()方法,这就是ApplicationContext的生命周期扩展机制
二十一:发布ContextRefreshedEvent事件
如果发布事件的是一个String类型
//定义一个service 用来发布事件
@Service
public class GoodsServiceImpl{
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext context;
@PostConstruct
public void goodsTest() {
System.out.println("GoodsServiceImpl----@PostConstruct---初始化前执行");
User user = new User(this);
user.setAge(18);
user.setName("aaaaaaa");
context.publishEvent(user.toString());
}
}
//定义事件监听器 要加入到spring中
@Component
public class MyEventListen implements ApplicationListener {
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent applicationEvent) {
PayloadApplicationEvent event = (PayloadApplicationEvent) applicationEvent;
System.out.println("事件打印:"+event.getPayload());
}
}
上述的定义事件监听器 也可以通过注解来实现
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl {
@EventListener
public void enentTest(ApplicationEvent event){
PayloadApplicationEvent user = (PayloadApplicationEvent)event;
System.out.println("UserServiceImpl---EventListener:"+user.getPayload());
}
}
如果发布事件具有泛型
定义一个事件类型作为泛型
//定义一个事件类型作为泛型
public class User extends ApplicationEvent implements Serializable {
private String name;
private int age;
public User() {
super(null);
}
public User(Object source) {
super(source);
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
定义事件监听
@Component
public class MyEventListen implements ApplicationListener<User> {
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(User user) {
System.out.println("事件打印:"+user);
}
}
定义service进行事件发布
@Service
public class GoodsServiceImpl{
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext context;
@PostConstruct
public void goodsTest() {
System.out.println("GoodsServiceImpl----@PostConstruct---初始化前执行");
User user = new User(this);
user.setAge(18);
user.setName("aaaaaaa");
context.publishEvent(user);
}
}