jwt 实现用户登录完整java

登录校验逻辑

用户登录的校验逻辑分为三个主要步骤，分别是校验验证码，校验用户状态和校验密码，具体逻辑如下

• 前端发送username、password、captchaKey、captchaCode请求登录。
• 判断captchaCode是否为空，若为空，则直接响应验证码为空；若不为空进行下一步判断。
• 根据captchaKey从Redis中查询之前保存的code，若查询出来的code为空，则直接响应验证码已过期；若不为空进行下一步判断。
• 比较captchaCode和code，若不相同，则直接响应验证码不正确；若相同则进行下一步判断。
• 根据username查询数据库，若查询结果为空，则直接响应账号不存在；若不为空则进行下一步判断。
• 查看用户状态，判断是否被禁用，若禁用，则直接响应账号被禁；若未被禁用，则进行下一步判断。
• 比对password和数据库中查询的密码，若不一致，则直接响应账号或密码错误，若一致则进行入最后一步。
• 创建JWT，并响应给浏览器。

请求数据结构

package com.orchids.springmybatisplus.model.entity;

import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @Author qwh
 * @Date 2024/6/2 22:31
 */
@Data
@Schema(description = "后台管理系统登录信息")
public class LoginVo {

    @Schema(description="用户名")
    private String username;

    @Schema(description="密码")
    private String password;

    @Schema(description="验证码key")
    private String captchaKey;

    @Schema(description="验证码code")
    private String captchaCode;
}

枚举类

package com.orchids.lovehouse.common.result;

import lombok.Getter;

/**
 * 统一返回结果状态信息类
 */
@Getter
public enum ResultCodeEnum {

    SUCCESS(200, "成功"),
    FAIL(201, "失败"),
    PARAM_ERROR(202, "参数不正确"),
    SERVICE_ERROR(203, "服务异常"),
    DATA_ERROR(204, "数据异常"),
    ILLEGAL_REQUEST(205, "非法请求"),
    REPEAT_SUBMIT(206, "重复提交"),
    DELETE_ERROR(207, "请先删除子集"),

    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_EXIST_ERROR(301, "账号已存在"),
    ADMIN_CAPTCHA_CODE_ERROR(302, "验证码错误"),
    ADMIN_CAPTCHA_CODE_EXPIRED(303, "验证码已过期"),
    ADMIN_CAPTCHA_CODE_NOT_FOUND(304, "未输入验证码"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST(330,"用户不存在"),


    ADMIN_LOGIN_AUTH(305, "未登陆"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST_ERROR(306, "账号不存在"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_ERROR(307, "用户名或密码错误"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_DISABLED_ERROR(308, "该用户已被禁用"),
    ADMIN_ACCESS_FORBIDDEN(309, "无访问权限"),
    APP_LOGIN_AUTH(501, "未登陆"),
    APP_LOGIN_PHONE_EMPTY(502, "手机号码为空"),
    APP_LOGIN_CODE_EMPTY(503, "验证码为空"),
    APP_SEND_SMS_TOO_OFTEN(504, "验证法发送过于频繁"),
    APP_LOGIN_CODE_EXPIRED(505, "验证码已过期"),
    APP_LOGIN_CODE_ERROR(506, "验证码错误"),
    APP_ACCOUNT_DISABLED_ERROR(507, "该用户已被禁用"),


    TOKEN_EXPIRED(601, "token过期"),
    TOKEN_INVALID(602, "token非法");


    private final Integer code;

    private final String message;

    ResultCodeEnum(Integer code, String message) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }
}

全局异常处理

package com.orchids.lovehouse.common.exception;

import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.result.ResultCodeEnum;
import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @Author qwh
 * @Date 2024/6/1 20:18
 */
@Data
public class LovehouseException extends RuntimeException {

    //异常状态码
    private Integer code;
    /**
     * 通过状态码和错误消息创建异常对象
     * @param message
     * @param code
     */
    public LovehouseException(String message, Integer code) {
        super(message);
        this.code = code;
    }

    /**
     * 根据响应结果枚举对象创建异常对象
     * @param resultCodeEnum
     */
    public LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum) {
        super(resultCodeEnum.getMessage());
        this.code = resultCodeEnum.getCode();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "LovehouseException{" +
                "code=" + code +
                ", message=" + this.getMessage() +
                '}';
    }
}

配置所需依赖
登录接口需要为登录成功的用户创建并返回JWT，本项目使用开源的JWT工具Java-JWT，配置如下，具体内容可参考官方文档。

• 引入Maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-apiartifactId>
    <version>0.11.2version>
dependency>


<dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-implartifactId>
    <version>0.11.2version>
    <scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
  
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-jacksonartifactId>
    <version>0.11.2version>
    <scope>runtimescope>
dependency>

创建JWT和工具类 common.utils.JwtUtil

package com.orchids.lovehouse.common.utils;

import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.exception.LovehouseException;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.result.ResultCodeEnum;
import io.jsonwebtoken.*;
import io.jsonwebtoken.security.Keys;
import io.jsonwebtoken.security.SignatureException;

import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @Author qwh
 * @Date 2024/6/2 21:01
 */
public class JwtUtil {
    private static long tokenExpiration = 60  * 60 * 1000L;
    public static SecretKey secretKey = Keys.hmacShaKeyFor("M0PKKI6pYGVWWfDZw90a0lTpGYX1d4AQ".getBytes());
    public static String createToken(Long userId,String username){
        String token  = Jwts.builder().
        setSubject("USER_INFO").
        setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()+tokenExpiration)).
        claim("userId",userId).
        claim("username",username).
        signWith(secretKey,SignatureAlgorithm.HS256).
        compact();
        return token;
    }
    public static Claims parsToken(String token){
        if (token==null) {
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.ADMIN_LOGIN_AUTH);
        }
        try {
            JwtParser jwtParser = Jwts.parserBuilder().setSigningKey(secretKey).build();
            Jws<Claims> claims = jwtParser.parseClaimsJws(token);
            return claims.getBody();
        } catch (ExpiredJwtException e) {
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.TOKEN_EXPIRED);
        } catch (JwtException e){
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(createToken(2l,"user"));
    }
}

controller逻辑

package com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.controller.login;


import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.login.LoginUserHolder;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.result.Result;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.utils.JwtUtil;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.service.LoginService;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.login.CaptchaVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.login.LoginVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.system.user.SystemUserInfoVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.system.user.SystemUserItemVo;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.Operation;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.tags.Tag;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@Tag(name = "后台管理系统登录管理")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/admin")
public class LoginController {
    @Autowired
    private LoginService loginService;

    @Operation(summary = "获取图形验证码")
    @GetMapping("login/captcha")
    public Result<CaptchaVo> getCaptcha() {
        CaptchaVo captcha = loginService.getCaptcha();
        return Result.ok(captcha);
    }

    @Operation(summary = "登录")
    @PostMapping("login")
    public Result<String> login(@RequestBody LoginVo loginVo) {
        String token =  loginService.login(loginVo);
        return Result.ok(token);
    }

    @Operation(summary = "获取登陆用户个人信息")
    @GetMapping("info")
    public Result<SystemUserInfoVo> info () {
        SystemUserInfoVo systemUserInfo  = loginService.getLoginUserInfo(LoginUserHolder.getLoginUser().getUserId());
        return Result.ok(systemUserInfo);
    }
}

service逻辑

package com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.service;

import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.login.CaptchaVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.login.LoginVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.system.user.SystemUserInfoVo;

public interface LoginService {

    CaptchaVo getCaptcha();

    String login(LoginVo loginVo);

    SystemUserInfoVo getLoginUserInfo(Long userId);
}

sreviceImpl

package com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.service.impl;

import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.constant.RedisConstant;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.exception.GlobalExceptionHandler;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.exception.LovehouseException;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.result.ResultCodeEnum;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.utils.JwtUtil;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.model.entity.SystemUser;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.model.enums.BaseStatus;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.mapper.SystemUserMapper;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.service.LoginService;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.login.CaptchaVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.login.LoginVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.system.user.SystemUserInfoVo;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.vo.system.user.SystemUserItemVo;
import com.wf.captcha.SpecCaptcha;
import com.wf.captcha.base.Captcha;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.DigestUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {
    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private SystemUserMapper systemUserMapper;

    @Override
    public CaptchaVo getCaptcha() {
        SpecCaptcha  specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(100, 40, 5);
        specCaptcha.setCharType(Captcha.TYPE_DEFAULT);

        String code = specCaptcha.text().toLowerCase();
        String key = RedisConstant.ADMIN_LOGIN_PREFIX + UUID.randomUUID();

        String img = specCaptcha.toBase64();
        stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key,code,60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        return new CaptchaVo(img,key);
    }

    @Override
    public String login(LoginVo loginVo) {
        //判断是否输入验证码
        if (!StringUtils.hasText(loginVo.getCaptchaCode())) {
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.ADMIN_CAPTCHA_CODE_NOT_FOUND);
        }
        //校验验证码
        String code = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(loginVo.getCaptchaKey());
        if (code == null){
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.APP_LOGIN_CODE_EXPIRED);
        }
        if (!code.equals(loginVo.getCaptchaCode())){
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.APP_LOGIN_CODE_ERROR);
        }
        //校验用户是否存在
        SystemUser systemUser = systemUserMapper.selectOneByUsername(loginVo.getUsername());
        if (systemUser == null) {
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.ADMIN_ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST);
        }
        if (systemUser.getStatus() == BaseStatus.DISABLE) {
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.ADMIN_ACCOUNT_DISABLED_ERROR);
        }
        // 鏍￠獙鐢ㄦ埛瀵嗙爜
        if (!systemUser.getPassword().equals(DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(loginVo.getPassword().getBytes()))) {
            throw new LovehouseException(ResultCodeEnum.ADMIN_ACCOUNT_ERROR);
        }
        // 鍒涘缓骞惰繑鍥瀟oken
        return JwtUtil.createToken(systemUser.getId(),systemUser.getUsername());
    }

    @Override
    public SystemUserInfoVo getLoginUserInfo(Long userId) {
        SystemUser systemUser = systemUserMapper.selectById(userId);
        SystemUserInfoVo systemUserInfoVo = new SystemUserInfoVo();
        systemUserInfoVo.setName(systemUser.getName());
        systemUserInfoVo.setAvatarUrl(systemUser.getAvatarUrl());
        return systemUserInfoVo;
    }


}

编写mapper逻辑

SystemUser selectOneByUsername(String username);

mapper.xml

写入对应的sql到xml文件

编写HandlerInterceptor
保护所有受保护的接口增加jwt合法性逻辑 custom.interceptor.AuthenticationInterceptor

package com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.custom.interceptor;

import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.login.LoginUser;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.login.LoginUserHolder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.common.utils.JwtUtil;

/**
 * @Author qwh
 * @Date 2024/6/2 21:55
 */
@Component
public class AuthenticationInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        String token = request.getHeader("access-token");

        Claims claims = JwtUtil.parsToken(token);
        Long userId = claims.get("userId", Long.class);
        String username = claims.get("username", String.class);
        LoginUserHolder.setLoginUser(new LoginUser(userId,username));
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        LoginUserHolder.clear();
    }
}

我们约定，前端登录后，后续请求都将JWT，放置于HTTP请求的Header中，其Header的key为access-token
注册HanderInterceptor config.WebMvcConfiguration

package com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.custom.config;

import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.custom.converter.StringToBaseEnumConverterFactory;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.custom.converter.StringToItemTypeConverter;
import com.orchids.lovehouse.web.admin.custom.interceptor.AuthenticationInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.format.FormatterRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfiguration implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    
    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationInterceptor authenticationInterceptor;
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(this.authenticationInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/admin/**").excludePathPatterns("/admin/login/**");
    }
}

获取登录个人信息
查看请求和响应的数据结构

• 响应的数据结构

@Schema(description = "员工基本信息")
@Data
public class SystemUserInfoVo {

    @Schema(description = "用户姓名")
    private String name;

    @Schema(description = "用户头像")
    private String avatarUrl;
}

common.login.LoginUserHolder

package com.orchids.lovehouse.common.login;

/**
 * @Author qwh
 * @Date 2024/6/2 22:15
 */
public class LoginUserHolder {
    public static ThreadLocal<LoginUser> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public static void setLoginUser(LoginUser loginUser) {
        threadLocal.set(loginUser);
    }

    public static LoginUser getLoginUser() {
        return threadLocal.get();
    }

    public static void clear() {
        threadLocal.remove();
    }
}

common.login.LoginUser

package com.orchids.lovehouse.common.login;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @Author qwh
 * @Date 2024/6/2 22:16
 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class LoginUser {

    private Long userId;
    private String username;
}