• Asp.net MVC Api项目搭建

    整个解决方案按照分层思想来划分不同功能模块，以提供User服务的Api为需求，各个层次的具体实现如下所示：

    1、新建数据库User表

    数据库使用SQLExpress版本，表的定义如下所示：

    1. CREATE TABLE [dbo].[User] (
    2.     [Id]               INT           IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL,
    3.     [Name]             NVARCHAR (50) NOT NULL,
    4.     [Password]         NVARCHAR (50) NOT NULL,
    5.     [Age]              INT           NOT NULL,
    6.     [Birthdate]        DATE          NOT NULL,
    7.     [CreateTime]       DATETIME      DEFAULT (getdate()) NOT NULL,
    8.     [CreateUserId]     NVARCHAR (50) NOT NULL,
    9.     [CreateUserName]   NVARCHAR (50) NOT NULL,
    10.     [ModifiedTime]     DATETIME      NULL,
    11.     [ModifiedUserId]   NVARCHAR (50) NULL,
    12.     [ModifiedUserName] NVARCHAR (50) NULL,
    13.     PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([Id] ASC)
    14. );

    2、实体层

    新建类库类型的项目，.net framework框架版本4.5，User实体类如下：

    1. public class User
    2.     {
    3.         public int Id { get; set; }
    4.         public string Name { get; set; }
    5.         public string Password { get; set; }
    6.         public int Age { get; set; }
    7.         public DateTime Birthdate { get; set; }
    8.         public DateTime CreateTime { get; set; }
    9.         public string CreateUserId { get; set; }
    10.         public string CreateUserName { get; set; }
    11.         public DateTime? ModifiedTime { get; set; }
    12.         public string ModifiedUserId { get; set; }
    13.         public string ModifiedUserName { get; set; }
    14.     }

    3、数据库层

    该层提供数据库接口操作，采用EntitFramework4.4.0.0作为ORM实体映射框架，

    • 定义数据库操作接口IRepository
    1. public interface IRepository<TEntity> : IDisposable where TEntity : class
    2.     {
    3.         IEnumerable<TEntity> Get();
    4.         IEnumerable<TEntity> Get(Expressionbool>> filter);
    5.         IEnumerable<TEntity> Get<TOderKey>(Expressionbool>> filter, int pageIndex, int pageSize, Expression> sortKeySelector, bool isAsc = true);
    6.  
    7.         int Count(Expressionbool>> predicate);
    8.         void Update(TEntity instance);
    9.         void Add(TEntity instance);
    10.         void Delete(TEntity instance);
    11.     }
    • 定义数据库上下文类BceDbContext
    1. public class BceDbContext:DbContext
    2.     {
    3.         public BceDbContext():base("DaLeiDB")
    4.         {
    5.             Database.SetInitializer(null);
    6.         }
    7.         public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }
    8.         protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    9.         {
    10.             modelBuilder.Entity().ToTable("User");
    11.             base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
    12.         }
    13.     }
    • 定义数据库通用操作实现类BceRepository
    1. public class BceRepository<TEntity> : IRepository<TEntity> where TEntity : class
    2.     {
    3.         public BceDbContext DbContext { get; private set; }
    4.         public DbSet DbSet { get; private set; }
    5.         public BceRepository(BceDbContext context)
    6.         {
    7.             Guard.ArgumentNotNull(context, "context");
    8.             this.DbContext = context;
    9.             this.DbSet = this.DbContext.Set();
    10.         }
    11.  
    12.         public IEnumerable<TEntity> Get()
    13.         {
    14.             return this.DbSet.AsQueryable();
    15.         }
    16.         public IEnumerable<TEntity> Get(Expressionbool>> filter)
    17.         {
    18.             return this.DbSet.Where(filter).AsQueryable();
    19.         }
    20.         public IEnumerable<TEntity> Get<TKey>(Expressionbool>> filter, int pageIndex, int pageSize, Expression> sortKeySelector, bool isAsc = true)
    21.         {
    22.             Guard.ArgumentNotNull(filter, "predicate");
    23.             Guard.ArgumentNotNull(sortKeySelector, "sortKeySelector");
    24.             if (isAsc)
    25.             {
    26.                 return this.DbSet
    27.                     .Where(filter)
    28.                     .OrderBy(sortKeySelector)
    29.                     .Skip(pageSize * (pageIndex - 1))
    30.                     .Take(pageSize).AsQueryable();
    31.             }
    32.             else
    33.             {
    34.                 return this.DbSet
    35.                     .Where(filter)
    36.                     .OrderByDescending(sortKeySelector)
    37.                     .Skip(pageSize * (pageIndex - 1))
    38.                     .Take(pageSize).AsQueryable();
    39.             }
    40.         }
    41.  
    42.         public int Count(Expressionbool>> predicate)
    43.         {
    44.             return this.DbSet.Where(predicate).Count();
    45.         }
    46.  
    47.         public void Add(TEntity instance)
    48.         {
    49.             Guard.ArgumentNotNull(instance, "instance");
    50.             this.DbSet.Attach(instance);
    51.             this.DbContext.Entry(instance).State = EntityState.Added;
    52.             this.DbContext.SaveChanges();
    53.         }
    54.         public void Update(TEntity instance)
    55.         {
    56.             Guard.ArgumentNotNull(instance, "instance");
    57.             this.DbSet.Attach(instance);
    58.             this.DbContext.Entry(instance).State = EntityState.Modified;
    59.             this.DbContext.SaveChanges();
    60.         }
    61.         public void Delete(TEntity instance)
    62.         {
    63.             Guard.ArgumentNotNull(instance, "instance");
    64.             this.DbSet.Attach(instance);
    65.             this.DbContext.Entry(instance).State = EntityState.Deleted;
    66.             this.DbContext.SaveChanges();
    67.         }
    68.  
    69.         public void Dispose()
    70.         {
    71.             this.DbContext.Dispose();
    72.         }
    73.     }
    • 定义用户表数据库操作额外的接口IUserRepository
    1. namespace DaLei.Repository
    2. {
    3.     public interface IUserRepository
    4.     {
    5.         User FindByName(string name);
    6.         List FindByAge(int start, int end);
    7.     }
    8. }
    • 定义用户表数据库操作额外的实现类UserRepository 
      1. namespace DaLei.Repository
      2. {
      3.     public class UserRepository : BceRepository<User>, IUserRepository
      4.     {
      5.         public UserRepository(BceDbContext bceDbContext):base(bceDbContext)
      6.         {
      7.  
      8.         }
      9.  
      10.         public List FindByAge(int start, int end)
      11.         {
      12.             var rst = this.DbSet.AsQueryable().Where(u=>u.Age>=start && u.Age<=end).ToList();
      13.             return rst;
      14.         }
      15.  
      16.         public User FindByName(string name)
      17.         {
      18.             var rst = this.DbSet.AsQueryable().Where(u => u.Name == name).FirstOrDefault();
      19.             return rst;
      20.         }
      21.     }
      22. }

    4、服务接口层

    定义了对外提供用户服务的接口契约，具体如下：

    1. namespace DaLei.IService
    2. {
    3.     public interface IUserService
    4.     {
    5.         User FindByName(string name);
    6.         List FindByAge(int start, int end);
    7.         List GetList();
    8.     }
    9. }

    5、服务具体实现层

    服务基类实现：

    1. using System;
    2. using System.Collections.Generic;
    3.  
    4. namespace DaLei.Service
    5. {
    6.     public abstract class ServiceBase : IDisposable
    7.     {
    8.         public IList DisposableObjects { get; private set; }
    9.         public ServiceBase()
    10.         {
    11.             this.DisposableObjects = new List();
    12.         }
    13.         protected void AddDisposableObject(object obj)
    14.         {
    15.             IDisposable disposable = obj as IDisposable;
    16.             if (null != disposable)
    17.             {
    18.                 this.DisposableObjects.Add(disposable);
    19.             }
    20.         }
    21.  
    22.         public void Dispose()
    23.         {
    24.             foreach (IDisposable obj in this.DisposableObjects)
    25.             {
    26.                 if (null != obj)
    27.                 {
    28.                     obj.Dispose();
    29.                 }
    30.             }
    31.         }
    32.     }
    33. }

    用户服务接口具体实现：

    1. using DaLei.IService;
    2. using DaLei.Model;
    3. using DaLei.Repository;
    4. using System.Collections.Generic;
    5.  
    6. namespace DaLei.Service
    7. {
    8.     public class UserService : ServiceBase,IUserService
    9.     {
    10.         private IUserRepository userRepository;
    11.         public UserService(IUserRepository userRepository)
    12.         {
    13.             this.userRepository = userRepository;
    14.             this.AddDisposableObject(userRepository);
    15.         }
    16.         public List FindByAge(int start, int end)
    17.         {
    18.             return this.userRepository.FindByAge(start,end);
    19.         }
    20.  
    21.         public User FindByName(string name)
    22.         {
    23.             return this.userRepository.FindByName(name);
    24.         }
    25.  
    26.         public List GetList()
    27.         {
    28.             return this.userRepository.FindByAge(0, 100);
    29.         }
    30.     }
    31. }

    6、应用层

    新建Asp.net WebApi项目，引用服务接口项目、服务实现项目、实体类项目，unity相关程序集，EntityFramework程序集。

    web.config配置连接字符串和unity相关内容：

    1. "1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    3. <configuration>
    4.   <configSections>
    5.     <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration" />
    6.   configSections>
    7.   <unity>
    8.     <sectionExtension type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension.Configuration.InterceptionConfigurationExtension, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Interception.Configuration" />
    9.     <containers>
    10.       <container>
    11.         <extension type="Interception" />
    12.         <register type="DaLei.IService.IUserService, DaLei.IService" mapTo="DaLei.Service.UserService, DaLei.Service" />
    13.         <register type="DaLei.Repository.IUserRepository, DaLei.Repository" mapTo="DaLei.Repository.UserRepository, DaLei.Repository">
    14.           <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor" />
    15.           <policyInjection />
    16.         register>
    17.       container>
    18.     containers>
    19.   unity>
    20.   <connectionStrings>
    21.     <add name="DaLeiDB" connectionString="data source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Integrated Security=SSPI;Initial Catalog=DaleiDB;User ID=sa;Password=anpiel0991;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
    22.   connectionStrings>
    23.   <appSettings>
    24.     <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0"/>
    25.     <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false"/>
    26.     <add key="PreserveLoginUrl" value="true"/>
    27.     <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true"/>
    28.     <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true"/>
    29.   appSettings>
    30.   <system.web>
    31.     <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5"/>
    32.     <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5"/>
    33.     <pages>
    34.       <namespaces>
    35.         <add namespace="System.Web.Helpers"/>
    36.         <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc"/>
    37.         <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax"/>
    38.         <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html"/>
    39.         <add namespace="System.Web.Routing"/>
    40.         <add namespace="System.Web.WebPages"/>
    41.       namespaces>     
    42.     pages>
    43.   system.web>
    44.   <system.webServer>
    45.     <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/>
    46.     <handlers>
    47.       <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0"/>
    48.       <remove name="OPTIONSVerbHandler"/>
    49.       <remove name="TRACEVerbHandler"/>
    50.       <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="*" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler"
    51.         preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0"/>
    52.     handlers>
    53.   system.webServer>
    54.   <runtime>
    55.     <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
    56.       <dependentAssembly>
    57.         <assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" culture="neutral" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed"/>
    58.         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-11.0.0.0" newVersion="11.0.0.0"/>
    59.       dependentAssembly>
    60.       <dependentAssembly>
    61.         <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
    62.         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0"/>
    63.       dependentAssembly>
    64.       <dependentAssembly>
    65.         <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
    66.         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.7.0" newVersion="5.2.7.0"/>
    67.       dependentAssembly>
    68.       <dependentAssembly>
    69.         <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Optimization" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
    70.         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="1.1.0.0"/>
    71.       dependentAssembly>
    72.       <dependentAssembly>
    73.         <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
    74.         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0"/>
    75.       dependentAssembly>
    76.       <dependentAssembly>
    77.         <assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
    78.         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-1.6.5135.21930" newVersion="1.6.5135.21930"/>
    79.       dependentAssembly>
    80.     assemblyBinding>
    81.   runtime>
    82.   <system.codedom>
    83.     <compilers>
    84.       <compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs"
    85.         type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"
    86.         warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:6 /nowarn:1659;1699;1701"/>
    87.       <compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb"
    88.         type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"
    89.         warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:14 /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\"Web\" /optionInfer+"/>
    90.     compilers>
    91.   system.codedom>
    92. configuration>
    • Controller实例化由Unity负责处理，需要实现控制器工厂类
    1. using System;
    2. using System.Collections.Generic;
    3. using System.Linq;
    4. using System.Web;
    5. using System.Web.Mvc;
    6. using System.Web.Routing;
    7. using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
    8. using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration;
    9. using System.Configuration;
    10.  
    11. namespace WebApi.Extensions
    12. {
    13.     public class UnityControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory
    14.     {
    15.         static object syncHelper = new object();
    16.         static Dictionary<string, IUnityContainer> containers = new Dictionary<string, IUnityContainer>();
    17.         public IUnityContainer UnityContainer { get; private set; }
    18.         public UnityControllerFactory(string containerName = "")
    19.         {
    20.             if (containers.ContainsKey(containerName))
    21.             {
    22.                 this.UnityContainer = containers[containerName];
    23.                 return;
    24.             }
    25.             lock (syncHelper)
    26.             {
    27.                 if (containers.ContainsKey(containerName))
    28.                 {
    29.                     this.UnityContainer = containers[containerName];
    30.                     return;
    31.                 }
    32.                 IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
    33.                 //配置UnityContainer
    34.                 UnityConfigurationSection configSection = ConfigurationManager.GetSection(UnityConfigurationSection.SectionName) as UnityConfigurationSection;
    35.                 if (null == configSection && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(containerName))
    36.                 {
    37.                     throw new ConfigurationErrorsException("The  configuration section does not exist.");
    38.                 }
    39.                 if (null != configSection)
    40.                 {
    41.                     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(containerName))
    42.                     {
    43.                         configSection.Configure(container);
    44.                     }
    45.                     else
    46.                     {
    47.                         configSection.Configure(container, containerName);
    48.                     }
    49.                 }
    50.                 containers.Add(containerName, container);
    51.                 this.UnityContainer = containers[containerName];
    52.             }
    53.         }
    54.         protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType)
    55.         {
    56.             if (null == controllerType)
    57.             {
    58.                 return null;
    59.             }
    60.             return (IController)this.UnityContainer.Resolve(controllerType);
    61.         }
    62. //public override void ReleaseController(IController controller)
    63. //{
    64. //    this.UnityContainer.Teardown(controller);
    65. //}
    66.     }
    67. }
    • 设置MVC框架的控制器工厂为自定义类型
    1. using webApi.Extensions;
    2. using System;
    3. using System.Web;
    4. using System.Web.Http;
    5. using System.Web.Mvc;
    6. using System.Web.Routing;
    7.  
    8. namespace WebApp
    9. {
    10.     public class Global : HttpApplication
    11.     {
    12.         void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
    13.         {
    14.             // 在应用程序启动时运行的代码
    15.             AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    16.             GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
    17.             RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
    18.             ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new UnityControllerFactory());
    19.         }
    20.     }
    21. }
    • 新建Controller基类，所有的自定义Controller均继承此类
    1. using WebApi.Extensions;
    2. using System.Web.Mvc;
    3. using System;
    4. using System.Collections.Generic;
    5.  
    6. namespace WebApp.Controllers
    7. {
    8.     public class BaseController:Controller
    9.     {
    10.         public IList DisposableObjects { get; private set; }
    11.         public BaseController()
    12.         {
    13.             this.DisposableObjects = new List();
    14.         }
    15.         protected void AddDisposableObject(object obj)
    16.         {
    17.             IDisposable disposable = obj as IDisposable;
    18.             if (null != disposable)
    19.             {
    20.                 this.DisposableObjects.Add(disposable);
    21.             }
    22.         }
    23.  
    24.         protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    25.         {
    26.             if (disposing)
    27.             {
    28.                 foreach (IDisposable obj in this.DisposableObjects)
    29.                 {
    30.                     if (null != obj)
    31.                     {
    32.                         obj.Dispose();
    33.                     }
    34.                 }
    35.             }
    36.             base.Dispose(disposing);
    37.         }
    38.     }
    39. }
    • 新建测试Controller
    1. using DaLei.IService;
    2. using System.Web.Mvc;
    3.  
    4. namespace WebApp.Controllers
    5. {
    6.     public class TestController : BaseController
    7.     {
    8.         private IUserService userService;
    9.         public TestController(IUserService userService)
    10.         {
    11.             this.userService = userService;
    12.             this.AddDisposableObject(userService);
    13.         }
    14.  
    15.         // GET: Test
    16.         public ActionResult Index()
    17.         {
    18.             var users = this.userService.GetList();
    19.             return View();
    20.         }
    21.     }
    22. }

    浏览器输入地址测试TestController！

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/dandingwangzi/article/details/134495460