数据结构与算法【栈】的Java实现

概念

是一种线性的数据结构，只能在其一端添加数据和移除数据。习惯来说，这一端称之为栈顶，另一端不能操作数据的称之为栈底。特点是先进后出。

简单接口

public interface Stack {
    /**
     * 压入元素
     */
    boolean push(E value);
 
    /**
     * 弹出元素
     */
    E pop();
 
    /**
     * 返回栈顶元素但不移除
     */
    E peek();
 
    /**
     * 判断是否为空
     */
    boolean isEmpty();
 
    /**
     * 判断是否栈满
     */
    boolean isFull();
}

基于链表的实现

public class LinkedListStack implements Stack, Iterable {
 
    private Node sentinel = new Node<>(null, null);
    private int size = 0;
    private int capacity = 8;
 
    public LinkedListStack(int capacity) {
        this.capacity = capacity;
    }
 
    private static class Node {
        Node next;
        E value;
 
        public Node(Node next, E value) {
            this.next = next;
            this.value = value;
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean push(E value) {
        if (isFull()) {
            return false;
        }
        sentinel.next = new Node<>(sentinel.next, value);
        size++;
        return true;
    }
 
    @Override
    public E pop() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        Node node = sentinel.next;
        sentinel.next = node.next;
        size--;
        return node.value;
    }
 
    @Override
    public E peek() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        return sentinel.next.value;
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return size == 0;
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isFull() {
        return size == capacity;
    }
 
    @Override
    public Iterator iterator() {
        return new Iterator() {
            Node p = sentinel.next;
 
            @Override
            public boolean hasNext() {
                return p != null;
            }
 
            @Override
            public E next() {
                E value = p.value;
                p = p.next;
                return value;
            }
        };
    }
}

基于数组的实现

public class ArrayStack implements Stack, Iterable {
    private int capacity = 8;
    private E[] array;
    private int top = 0;
 
    @SuppressWarnings("all")
    public ArrayStack(int capacity) {
        this.capacity = capacity;
        array = (E[]) new Object[capacity];
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean push(E value) {
        if (isFull()) {
            return false;
        }
        array[top++] = value;
        return true;
    }
 
    @Override
    public E pop() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        return array[--top];
    }
 
    @Override
    public E peek() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        return array[top-1];
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return top == 0;
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isFull() {
        return top == capacity;
    }
 
    @Override
    public Iterator iterator() {
        return new Iterator() {
            int current = top;
            @Override
            public boolean hasNext() {
                return current!=0;
            }
 
            @Override
            public E next() {
                return array[--current];
            }
        };
    }
}