面试题:
1.数据共享,分布式Session
2.分布式锁
3.全局ID
4.计算器、点赞
5.位统计
6.购物车
7.轻量级消息队列:list、stream
8.抽奖
9.点赞、签到、打卡
10.差集交集并集,用户关注、可能认识的人,推荐模型
11.热点新间、热搜排行榜
独占性
OnlyOne,任何时刻只能有且仅有一个线程持有
高可用
若redis集群环境下,不能因为某一个节点挂了而出现获取锁和释放锁失败的情况;高并发请求下,依旧性能OK好使
防死锁
杜绝死锁,必须有超时控制机制或者撤销操作,有个兜底终止跳出方案
不乱抢
防止张冠李戴,不能私下unlock别人的锁,只能自己加锁自己释放,自己约的锁含着泪也要自己解
重入性
同一个节点的同一个线程如果获得锁之后,它也可以再次获取这个锁
官网:set 命令
使用set进行占锁,删掉key代表锁释放。

setnx key value

注:setnx+expire不安全,两条命令非原子性的。
set key value [EX seconds] [PX milliseconds] [NX|XX]

重点:JUC中AQS锁的规范落地参考+可重入锁考虑+Lua脚本+Redist命令一步步实现分布式锁
使用场景:多个服务间保证同一时刻同一时间段内同一用户只能有一个请求(防止关键业务出现并发攻击)。
1、pom.xml文件
- "1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
-
- <groupId>com.atguigu.redislockgroupId>
- <artifactId>redis_distributed_lock2artifactId>
- <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
-
-
- <parent>
- <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
- <version>2.6.12version>
- <relativePath/>
- parent>
-
-
- <properties>
- <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
- <maven.compiler.source>8maven.compiler.source>
- <maven.compiler.target>8maven.compiler.target>
- <lombok.version>1.16.18lombok.version>
- properties>
-
-
-
- <dependencies>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
- dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redisartifactId>
- dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
- <artifactId>commons-pool2artifactId>
- dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
- <artifactId>springfox-swagger2artifactId>
- <version>2.9.2version>
- dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
- <artifactId>springfox-swagger-uiartifactId>
- <version>2.9.2version>
- dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
- <scope>testscope>
- dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
- <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
- <version>${lombok.version}version>
- <optional>trueoptional>
- dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>cn.hutoolgroupId>
- <artifactId>hutool-allartifactId>
- <version>5.8.8version>
- dependency>
- dependencies>
-
- <build>
- <plugins>
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
- plugin>
- plugins>
- build>
-
- project>
2、ymal文件
- server.port=7777
-
- spring.application.name=redis_distributed_lock
- # ========================swagger2=====================
- # http://localhost:7777/swagger-ui.html
- swagger2.enabled=true
- spring.mvc.pathmatch.matching-strategy=ant_path_matcher
-
- # ========================redis单机=====================
- spring.redis.database=0
- spring.redis.host=192.168.111.185
- spring.redis.port=6379
- spring.redis.password=111111
- spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-active=8
- spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-wait=-1ms
- spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle=8
- spring.redis.lettuce.pool.min-idle=0
3、主启动类
- import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
- import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
-
- @SpringBootApplication
- public class RedisDistributedLockApp {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SpringApplication.run(RedisDistributedLockApp.class,args);
- }
- }
4、配置类
- import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.RequestMappingInfoHandlerMapping;
- import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
- import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
- import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
- import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
- import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
- import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
- import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.WebMvcRequestHandlerProvider;
- import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
-
- import java.time.LocalDateTime;
- import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.stream.Collectors;
-
- @Configuration
- @EnableSwagger2
- public class Swagger2Config {
- @Value("${swagger2.enabled}")
- private Boolean enabled;
-
- @Bean
- public Docket createRestApi() {
- return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
- .apiInfo(apiInfo())
- .enable(enabled)
- .select()
- .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.atguigu.redislock")) //你自己的package
- .paths(PathSelectors.any())
- .build();
- }
- private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
- return new ApiInfoBuilder()
- .title("springboot利用swagger2构建api接口文档 "+"\t"+ DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd").format(LocalDateTime.now()))
- .description("springboot+redis整合")
- .version("1.0")
- .termsOfServiceUrl("https://www.baidu.com/")
- .build();
- }
-
- }
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
-
- @Configuration
- public class RedisConfig {
- @Bean
- public RedisTemplate
redisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory) { - RedisTemplate
redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>(); - redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(lettuceConnectionFactory);
- //设置key序列化方式string
- redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
- //设置value的序列化方式json
- redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
-
- redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
- redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
-
- redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
-
- return redisTemplate;
- }
- }
5、业务类
- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- try {
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber;
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- } finally {
- // 释放操作
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }
- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import com.atguigu.redislock.service.InventoryService;
- import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
- import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
- import lombok.Getter;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
-
- @RestController
- @Api(tags = "redis分布式锁测试")
- public class InventoryController {
- @Autowired
- private InventoryService inventoryService;
-
- @ApiOperation("扣减库存,一次卖一个")
- @GetMapping(value = "/inventory/sale")
- public String sale() {
- return inventoryService.sale();
- }
- }
丝袜哥测试地址:http://localhost:7777/swagger-ui.html#/
使用 synchronized 或者 lock 进行加锁操作
- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- lock.lock();
- try {
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber;
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- }finally {
- lock.unlock();
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }
若在添加一个相同服务,另一个服务为8888端口,使用 nginx 轮训访问 7777 和 8888 服务,此时就会出现超卖现象。lock 只针对当前服务有用,锁不了其他服务。

1、常用命令
检查nginx.conf文件合法性:
nginx -t -c ./conf/nginx.conf
检查nginx服务是否启动:
tasklist /fi "imagename eq nginx.exe"
启动nginx:
start nginx 或 ./nginx
重新加载:
nginx -s reload
停止服务:
nginx -s stop
2、配置文件

启动 7777 和 8888 服务,通过Nginx访问,你的Linux服务器地址lP,反向代理+负裁均衡,可以点击看到效果,一边一个,默认轮询:http://192.168.0.185/inventory/sale
使用 jmeter 进行压测

http请求:

测试结果:

异常:76号商品被卖出2次,出现超卖故章现象。
在单机环境下,可以使用synchronized或Lock来实现。
但是在分布式系统中,因为竞争的线程可能不在同一个节点上(同一个jvm中),所以需要一个让所有进程都能访问到的锁来实现(比如redis或者zookeeper来构建)。
不同进程jvm层面的锁就不管用了,那么可以利用第三方的一个组件,来获取锁,未获取到锁,则阻塞当前想要运行的线程。
使用递归进行重试
- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- String key = "zzyyRedisLock";
- String uuidValue = IdUtil.simpleUUID()+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();
-
- Boolean flag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, uuidValue);
- if(!flag){
- //暂停20毫秒后递归调用
- try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
- sale();
- }else{
- try{
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber;
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- }finally {
- stringRedisTemplate.delete(key);
- }
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }
结果:
1、手工测试OK,使用Jmeter压测5000也OK
2、递归是一种思想没错,但是容号导致StackOverflowError,不太推荐,需进一步完善
使用多线程判断想想JUC里面的虚假唤醒,用while替代if,用自旋替代送归重试。
- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- String key = "zzyyRedisLock";
- String uuidValue = IdUtil.simpleUUID()+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();
-
- while(!stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, uuidValue)){
- //暂停20毫秒,类似CAS自旋
- try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
- }
-
- try {
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber;
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- }finally {
- stringRedisTemplate.delete(key);
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }
问题:部署了微服务的Java程序机器挂了,代码层面根本没有走到finallyi这块,没办法保证解锁(无过期时间该key一直存在),这个kev没有被删除,需要加入一个过期时间限定key。
- ......
- while(!stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, uuidValue)) {
- //暂停20毫秒,进行递归重试.....
- try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
- }
- ......
- stringRedisTemplate.expire(key,30L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- ......
结论:虽然加了过期时间,但是设置key+过期时间分开了,不具备原子性。

- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- String key = "zzyyRedisLock";
- String uuidValue = IdUtil.simpleUUID()+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();
-
- while(!stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, uuidValue,30L,TimeUnit.SECONDS)){
- //暂停毫秒
- try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
- }
-
- try {
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber;
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- }finally {
- stringRedisTemplate.delete(key);
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }
使用Jmeter压测OK

结论:加锁和过期时间设置必须同一行,保证原子性。
4.2版本出现的问题:实际业务处理时间如果超过了默认设晋key的过期时间怎么办??张冠李戴,别除了别人的锁(只能自己除自己的,不许动别人的)

改进:
- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- String key = "zzyyRedisLock";
- String uuidValue = IdUtil.simpleUUID()+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();
-
- while(!stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, uuidValue,30L,TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
- //暂停毫秒
- try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
- }
-
- try {
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber+"\t"+uuidValue;
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- }finally {
- // v5.0判断加锁与解锁是不是同一个客户端,同一个才行,自己只能删除自己的锁,不误删他人的
- if(stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key).equalsIgnoreCase(uuidValue)){
- stringRedisTemplate.delete(key);
- }
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }
上面5.0版本出现的问题:finally块的判断+del删除除操作不是原子性的。
解决方案:启用lua脚本编写redis分布式锁判断+删除判断代码。
原理:Redis调用Lua本通过eval命令保证代码执行的原子性,直接用return返回脚本执行后的结果值。
官网:https://redis.io/docs/manual/patterns/distributed-locks/


脚本格式:
eval luascript numkeys [key [key ]][arg [arg ...]]
案例一:输出文字

案例二:组合命令

案例三:执行命令

案例四:条件判断
使用格式如下

eval "if redis.call('get',KEYS[1])==ARGV[1] then return redis.call('del',KEYS[1]) else return 0 end" 1 zzyyRedisLock 1111-2222-3333


- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.Arrays;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- String key = "zzyyRedisLock";
- String uuidValue = IdUtil.simpleUUID()+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();
-
- while(!stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, uuidValue,30L,TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
- //暂停毫秒
- try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
- }
-
- try {
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber+"\t"+uuidValue;
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- }finally {
- //V6.0 将判断+删除自己的合并为lua脚本保证原子性
- String luaScript =
- "if (redis.call('get',KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1]) then " +
- "return redis.call('del',KEYS[1]) " +
- "else " +
- "return 0 " +
- "end";
- stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(luaScript, Boolean.class), Arrays.asList(key), uuidValue);
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }

6.0版本:while判断并自旋重试获取锁+setx含自然过期时间+ua脚本官网除锐命令。那么问题来了:如何兼顾锁的可重入性问题?
一个靠谱分布式锁需要具备的条件和刚需:独占性、高可用、防死锁、不乱抢、重入性
说明:可重入锁又名递归锁,是指在同一个线程在外层方法获取锁的时候,再进入该线程的内层方法会自动获取锁(前提,锁对象得是同一个对象),不会因为之前已经获取过还没释放而阻塞。如果是1个有 synchronized 修饰的递归调用方法,程序第2次进入被自己阻塞了岂不是天大的笑话,出现了作茧自缚。所以Java中ReentrantLock和synchronized都是可重入锁,可重入锁的一个优点是可一定程度避免死锁。
“可重入锁”这四个字分开来解释:
可:可以。
重:再次。
入:进入。
锁:同步锁。进入什么:进入同步域(即同步代码快/方法或显式锁锁定的代码)
一句话:一个线程中的多个流程可以获取同一把锁,持有这把同步锁句以再次进入。自己可以获取自己的内部锁。
可重入锁种类:
第一种:隐式锁(即synchronized关键字使用的锁)默认是可重入锁。
指的是可重复可递归调用的锁,在外层使用锁之后,在内层仍然可以使用,并且不发生死锁,这样的锁就叫做可重入锁。
简单的来说就是:在一个synchronized修饰的方法或代码块的内部调用本类的其他synchronized修饰的方法或代码块时,是永远可以得到锁的。
与可重入锁相反,不可重入锁不可递归调用,递归调用就发生死锁。
同步块:
- public class ReEntryLockDemo {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- final Object objectLockA = new Object();
-
- new Thread(() -> {
- synchronized (objectLockA) {
- System.out.println("-----外层调用");
- synchronized (objectLockA) {
- System.out.println("-----中层调用");
- synchronized (objectLockA) {
- System.out.println("-----内层调用");
- }
- }
- }
- },"a").start();
- }
- }
同步方法:
- /**
- * 在一个Synchronized修饰的方法或代码块的内部调用本类的其他Synchronized修饰的方法或代码块时,是永远可以得到锁的
- */
- public class ReEntryLockDemo {
- public synchronized void m1() {
- System.out.println("-----m1");
- m2();
- }
- public synchronized void m2() {
- System.out.println("-----m2");
- m3();
- }
- public synchronized void m3() {
- System.out.println("-----m3");
- }
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ReEntryLockDemo reEntryLockDemo = new ReEntryLockDemo();
- reEntryLockDemo.m1();
- }
- }
实现原理:
每个锁对象拥有一个锁计数器和一个指向持有该锁的线程的指针。当执行monitorenter时,如果目标锁对象的计数器为零,那么说明它没有被其他线程所持有,Java虚拟机会将该锁对象的持有线程设置为当前线程,并且将其计数器加1。在目标锁对象的计数器不为零的情况下,如果锁对象的持有线程是当前线程,那么 Java 虚拟机可以将其计数器加1,否则需要等待,直至持有线程释放该锁。当执行monitorexit时,Java虚拟机则需将锁对象的计数器减1。计数器为零代表锁已被释放。
第二种:显式锁(即Lock)也有ReentrantLock这样的可重入锁。
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
-
- /**
- * 在一个Synchronized修饰的方法或代码块的内部调用本类的其他Synchronized修饰的方法或代码块时,是永远可以得到锁的
- */
- public class ReEntryLockDemo {
- static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new Thread(() -> {
- lock.lock();
- try {
- System.out.println("----外层调用lock");
- lock.lock();
- try {
- System.out.println("----内层调用lock");
- }finally {
- // 这里故意注释,实现加锁次数和释放次数不一样
- // 由于加锁次数和释放次数不一样,第二个线程始终无法获取到锁,导致一直在等待。
- lock.unlock(); // 正常情况,加锁几次就要解锁几次
- }
- }finally {
- lock.unlock();
- }
- },"a").start();
-
- new Thread(() -> {
- lock.lock();
- try {
- System.out.println("b thread----外层调用lock");
- }finally {
- lock.unlock();
- }
- },"b").start();
-
- }
- }
备注:一般而言,你lock了几次就要unlock几次。
使用

hset zzyyRedisLock 29f0ee01ac77414fb8b0861271902a94:1
案例:

hset key field value
hset redis锁名字(zzyyRedisLock) 某个请求线程的UUID+ThreadID 加锁的次数
总结:setnx,只能解决有无的问题,够用但是不完美;hset,不但解决有无,还解决可重入问题。
上面版本扣减库存的核心代码:(保证原子性)

实现要求:(lua脚本实现过程分析)

一、加锁lua脚本(其实就是 lock)
步骤:
1、先断redis分布式锁这个key是否存在 :EXISTS key
2、返回零说明不存在,hset新建当前线程属于自己的锁BY UUID:ThreadID
3、返回壹说明已经有锁,需进一步判断是不是当前线程自己的:HEXISTS key uuid:ThreadID
命令:HEXISTS zzyyRedisLock 0c90d37cb6ec42268861b3d739f8b3a8:1
3.1、返回零说明不是自己的
3.2、返回壹说明是自己的锁,自增1次表示重入
命令:HINCRBY key field increment
案例:HINCRBY zzyyRedisLock 0c90d37cb6ec42268861b3d739f8b3a8:1 1
根据以上步骤,得出lua脚本:
if redis.call('exists','key') == 0 then
redis.call('hset','key','uuid:threadid',1)
redis.call('expire','key',30)
return 1
elseif redis.call('hexists','key','uuid:threadid') == 1 then
redis.call('hincrby','key','uuid:threadid',1)
redis.call('expire','key',30)
return 1
else
return 0
end
以上相同部分是否可以替换处理???
答案:hincrby命令可否替代hset命令。(自增命令,没有key会创建key)
优化脚本:
if redis.call('exists','key') == 0 or redis.call('hexists','key','uuid:threadid') == 1 then
redis.call('hincrby','key','uuid:threadid',1)
redis.call('expire','key',30)
return 1
else
return 0
end
替换参数:
if redis.call('exists',KEYS[1]) == 0 or redis.call('hexists',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then
redis.call('hincrby',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],1)
redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2])
return 1
else
return 0
end
参数说明:

测试加锁lua脚本:

EVAL "if redis.call('exists',KEYS[1]) == 0 or redis.call('hexists',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then redis.call('hincrby',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],1) redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2]) return 1 else return 0 end" 1 zzyyRedisLock 0c90d37cb6ec42268861b3d739f8b3a8:1 30
HGET zzyyRedisLock 0c90d37cb6ec42268861b3d739f8b3a8:1
二、解锁Lua脚本(其实就是 unlock)
步骤:
1、先判断redis分布式锁这个key是否存在:EXISTS key
2、返回零,说明根本没有锁,程序块返回nil
3、不是零,说明有锁且是自己的锁,直接调用 HINCRBY -1 表示每次减个一,解领一次,直到它变为零表示可以除该锁key,del锁key
根据以上步骤得出解锁lua脚本:
if redis.call('HEXISTS',lock,uuid:threadID) == 0 then
return nil
elseif redis.call('HINCRBY',lock,uuid:threadID,-1) == 0 then
return redis.call('del',lock)
else
return 0
end
替换参数:
if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 0 then
return nil
elseif redis.call('HINCRBY',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],-1) == 0 then
return redis.call('del',KEYS[1])
else
return 0
end
调试命令:
eval "if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 0 then return nil elseif redis.call('HINCRBY',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],-1) == 0 then return redis.call('del',KEYS[1]) else return 0 end" 1 zzyyRedisLock 2f586ae740a94736894ab9d51880ed9d:1
测试解锁lua脚本:

原程序:(初始无锁版)
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- @Service
- @Slf4j
- public class InventoryService {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- @Value("${server.port}")
- private String port;
-
- public String sale() {
- String retMessage = "";
- //1 查询库存信息
- String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
- //2 判断库存是否足够
- Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
- //3 扣减库存
- if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
- stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
- retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber+"\t";
- System.out.println(retMessage);
- }else{
- retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
- }
- return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
- }
- }
使用工厂设计模式,新建RedisDistributedLock类并实现UUC里面的Lock接口,满足JUC里面AQS对Lock锁的接口规范定义来进行实现落地代码。
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
-
- @Component
- public class DistributedLockFactory {
- @Autowired
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
- private String lockName;
-
- public Lock getDistributedLock(String lockType) {
- if(lockType == null) return null;
-
- if(lockType.equalsIgnoreCase("REDIS")){
- lockName = "zzyyRedisLock";
- return new RedisDistributedLock(stringRedisTemplate,lockName);
- } else if(lockType.equalsIgnoreCase("ZOOKEEPER")){
- //TODO zookeeper版本的分布式锁实现
- return new ZookeeperDistributedLock();
- } else if(lockType.equalsIgnoreCase("MYSQL")){
- //TODO mysql版本的分布式锁实现
- return null;
- }
-
- return null;
- }
- }
- import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.support.collections.DefaultRedisList;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- import java.util.Arrays;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
-
- //@Component 引入DistributedLockFactory工厂模式,从工厂获得而不再从spring拿到
- public class RedisDistributedLock implements Lock {
- private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
-
- private String lockName;//KEYS[1]
- private String uuidValue;//ARGV[1]
- private long expireTime;//ARGV[2]
-
- public RedisDistributedLock(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate, String lockName) {
- this.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate;
- this.lockName = lockName;
- this.uuidValue = IdUtil.simpleUUID()+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();//UUID:ThreadID
- this.expireTime = 30L;
- }
- @Override
- public void lock(){
- tryLock();
- }
- @Override
- public boolean tryLock(){
- try {tryLock(-1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
- return false;
- }
-
- /**
- * 干活的,实现加锁功能,实现这一个干活的就OK,全盘通用
- * @param time
- * @param unit
- * @return
- * @throws InterruptedException
- */
- @Override
- public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException{
- if(time != -1L){
- this.expireTime = unit.toSeconds(time);
- }
- String script =
- "if redis.call('exists',KEYS[1]) == 0 or redis.call('hexists',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then " +
- "redis.call('hincrby',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],1) " +
- "redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2]) " +
- "return 1 " +
- "else " +
- "return 0 " +
- "end";
- System.out.println("script: "+script);
- System.out.println("lockName: "+lockName);
- System.out.println("uuidValue: "+uuidValue);
- System.out.println("expireTime: "+expireTime);
- while (!stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(script,Boolean.class), Arrays.asList(lockName),uuidValue,String.valueOf(expireTime))) {
- TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(50);
- }
- return true;
- }
-
- /**
- *干活的,实现解锁功能
- */
- @Override
- public void unlock() {
- String script =
- "if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 0 then " +
- " return nil " +
- "elseif redis.call('HINCRBY',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],-1) == 0 then " +
- " return redis.call('del',KEYS[1]) " +
- "else " +
- " return 0 " +
- "end";
- // nil = false 1 = true 0 = false
- System.out.println("lockName: "+lockName);
- System.out.println("uuidValue: "+uuidValue);
- System.out.println("expireTime: "+expireTime);
- Long flag = stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(script, Long.class), Arrays.asList(lockName),uuidValue,String.valueOf(expireTime));
- if(flag == null) {
- throw new RuntimeException("This lock doesn't EXIST");
- }
-
- }
-
- //===下面的redis分布式锁暂时用不到=======================================
- //===下面的redis分布式锁暂时用不到=======================================
- //===下面的redis分布式锁暂时用不到=======================================
- @Override
- public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
-
- }
-
- @Override
- public Condition newCondition() {
- return null;
- }
- }
InventoryService使用工厂模式版:
import ch.qos.logback.core.joran.conditional.ThenAction;
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import com.atguigu.redislock.mylock.DistributedLockFactory;
import com.atguigu.redislock.mylock.RedisDistributedLock;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.omg.IOP.TAG_RMI_CUSTOM_MAX_STREAM_FORMAT;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class InventoryService {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String port;
@Autowired
private DistributedLockFactory distributedLockFactory;
public String sale() {
String retMessage = "";
Lock redisLock = distributedLockFactory.getDistributedLock("redis");
redisLock.lock();
try {
//1 查询库存信息
String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
//2 判断库存是否足够
Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
//3 扣减库存
if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
inventoryNumber = inventoryNumber - 1;
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(inventoryNumber));
retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber+"\t服务端口:" +port;
System.out.println(retMessage);
return retMessage;
}
retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o"+"\t服务端口:" +port;
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
redisLock.unlock();
}
return retMessage;
}
}
测试代码改造:InventoryService 类
import com.atguigu.redislock.mylock.DistributedLockFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class InventoryService {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String port;
@Autowired
private DistributedLockFactory distributedLockFactory;
public String sale() {
String retMessage = "";
Lock redisLock = distributedLockFactory.getDistributedLock("redis");
redisLock.lock();
try {
//1 查询库存信息
String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
//2 判断库存是否足够
Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
//3 扣减库存
if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber+"\t";
System.out.println(retMessage);
testReEnter();
}else{
retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
redisLock.unlock();
}
return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
}
private void testReEnter() {
Lock redisLock = distributedLockFactory.getDistributedLock("redis");
redisLock.lock();
try {
System.out.println("################测试可重入锁#######");
}finally {
redisLock.unlock();
}
}
}
测试结果:ThreadID一致了但是UUID不OK。

改造代码:
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
@Component
public class DistributedLockFactory {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
private String lockName;
private String uuidValue;
public DistributedLockFactory() {
this.uuidValue = IdUtil.simpleUUID();//UUID
}
public Lock getDistributedLock(String lockType) {
if(lockType == null) return null;
if(lockType.equalsIgnoreCase("REDIS")){
lockName = "zzyyRedisLock";
return new RedisDistributedLock(stringRedisTemplate,lockName,uuidValue);
} else if(lockType.equalsIgnoreCase("ZOOKEEPER")){
//TODO zookeeper版本的分布式锁实现
return new ZookeeperDistributedLock();
} else if(lockType.equalsIgnoreCase("MYSQL")){
//TODO mysql版本的分布式锁实现
return null;
}
return null;
}
}
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
public class RedisDistributedLock implements Lock {
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
private String lockName;
private String uuidValue;
private long expireTime;
public RedisDistributedLock(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate, String lockName,String uuidValue) {
this.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate;
this.lockName = lockName;
this.uuidValue = uuidValue+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();
this.expireTime = 30L;
}
@Override
public void lock() {
this.tryLock();
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock() {
try {
return this.tryLock(-1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
if(time != -1L) {
expireTime = unit.toSeconds(time);
}
String script =
"if redis.call('exists',KEYS[1]) == 0 or redis.call('hexists',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then " +
"redis.call('hincrby',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],1) " +
"redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2]) " +
"return 1 " +
"else " +
"return 0 " +
"end";
System.out.println("lockName: "+lockName+"\t"+"uuidValue: "+uuidValue);
while (!stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(script, Boolean.class), Arrays.asList(lockName), uuidValue, String.valueOf(expireTime))) {
try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(60); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}
return true;
}
@Override
public void unlock() {
String script =
"if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 0 then " +
"return nil " +
"elseif redis.call('HINCRBY',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],-1) == 0 then " +
"return redis.call('del',KEYS[1]) " +
"else " +
"return 0 " +
"end";
System.out.println("lockName: "+lockName+"\t"+"uuidValue: "+uuidValue);
Long flag = stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(script, Long.class), Arrays.asList(lockName), uuidValue, String.valueOf(expireTime));
if(flag == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("没有这个锁,HEXISTS查询无");
}
}
//=========================================================
@Override
public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
}
@Override
public Condition newCondition() {
return null;
}
}
InventoryService类新增可重入测试方法:
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import com.atguigu.redislock.mylock.DistributedLockFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class InventoryService {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String port;
@Autowired
private DistributedLockFactory distributedLockFactory;
public String sale() {
String retMessage = "";
Lock redisLock = distributedLockFactory.getDistributedLock("redis");
redisLock.lock();
try {
//1 查询库存信息
String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
//2 判断库存是否足够
Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
//3 扣减库存
if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber;
System.out.println(retMessage);
this.testReEnter();
}else{
retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
redisLock.unlock();
}
return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
}
private void testReEnter() {
Lock redisLock = distributedLockFactory.getDistributedLock("redis");
redisLock.lock();
try {
System.out.println("################测试可重入锁####################################");
}finally {
redisLock.unlock();
}
}
}
结果:单机+并发+可重入性,测试通过
思考:确保redisLock过期时间大于业务执行时间的问题,Redis分布式如何续续期?
什么是CAP?
- C(一致性):所有的节点上的数据时刻保持同步
- A(可用性):每个请求都能接受到一个响应,无论响应成功或失败
- P(分区容错):系统应该能持续提供服务,即使系统内部有消息丢失(分区)
- CA without P:如果不要求P(不允许分区),则C(强一致性)和A(可用性)是可以保证的。但其实分区不是你想不想的问题,而是始终会存在,因此CA的系统更多的是允许分区后各子系统依然保持CA。
- CP without A:如果不要求A(可用),相当于每个请求都需要在Server之间强一致,而P(分区)会导致同步时间无限延长,如此CP也是可以保证的。很多传统的数据库分布式事务都属于这种模式。
- AP wihtout C:要高可用并允许分区,则需放弃一致性。一旦分区发生,节点之间可能会失去联系,为了高可用,每个节点只能用本地数据提供服务,而这样会导致全局数据的不一致性。现在众多的NoSQL都属于此类。
Redis集群是AP
redis异步复制造成的锁丢失,比如:主节点没来的及把刚刚set进来这条数据给从节点,master就挂了,从机上位但从机上无该数据。
Zookeeper集群是CP
故障问题:
Eureka集群是AP
Nacos集群是AP
脚本测试:
hset zzyyRedisLock 111122223333:11 3
EXPIRE zzyyRedisLock 30
ttl zzyyRedisLock
。。。。。
eval "if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then return redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2]) else return 0 end" 1 zzyyRedisLock 111122223333:11 30
ttl zzyyRedisLock
lua脚本:
//==============自动续期
if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then
return redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2])
else
return 0
end
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.data.redis.support.collections.DefaultRedisList;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
public class RedisDistributedLock implements Lock {
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
private String lockName;//KEYS[1]
private String uuidValue;//ARGV[1]
private long expireTime;//ARGV[2]
public RedisDistributedLock(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate,String lockName,String uuidValue) {
this.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate;
this.lockName = lockName;
this.uuidValue = uuidValue+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId();
this.expireTime = 30L;
}
@Override
public void lock() {
tryLock();
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock() {
try {tryLock(-1L,TimeUnit.SECONDS);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
return false;
}
/**
* 干活的,实现加锁功能,实现这一个干活的就OK,全盘通用
* @param time
* @param unit
* @return
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
@Override
public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
if(time != -1L) {
this.expireTime = unit.toSeconds(time);
}
String script =
"if redis.call('exists',KEYS[1]) == 0 or redis.call('hexists',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then " +
"redis.call('hincrby',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],1) " +
"redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2]) " +
"return 1 " +
"else " +
"return 0 " +
"end";
System.out.println("script: "+script);
System.out.println("lockName: "+lockName);
System.out.println("uuidValue: "+uuidValue);
System.out.println("expireTime: "+expireTime);
while (!stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(script,Boolean.class), Arrays.asList(lockName),uuidValue,String.valueOf(expireTime))) {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(50);
}
this.renewExpire();
return true;
}
/**
*干活的,实现解锁功能
*/
@Override
public void unlock() {
String script =
"if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 0 then " +
" return nil " +
"elseif redis.call('HINCRBY',KEYS[1],ARGV[1],-1) == 0 then " +
" return redis.call('del',KEYS[1]) " +
"else " +
" return 0 " +
"end";
// nil = false 1 = true 0 = false
System.out.println("lockName: "+lockName);
System.out.println("uuidValue: "+uuidValue);
System.out.println("expireTime: "+expireTime);
Long flag = stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(script, Long.class), Arrays.asList(lockName),uuidValue,String.valueOf(expireTime));
if(flag == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("This lock doesn't EXIST");
}
}
private void renewExpire() {
String script =
"if redis.call('HEXISTS',KEYS[1],ARGV[1]) == 1 then " +
"return redis.call('expire',KEYS[1],ARGV[2]) " +
"else " +
"return 0 " +
"end";
new Timer().schedule(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (stringRedisTemplate.execute(new DefaultRedisScript<>(script, Boolean.class), Arrays.asList(lockName),uuidValue,String.valueOf(expireTime))) {
renewExpire();
}
}
},(this.expireTime * 1000)/3);
}
//===下面的redis分布式锁暂时用不到=======================================
//===下面的redis分布式锁暂时用不到=======================================
//===下面的redis分布式锁暂时用不到=======================================
@Override
public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
}
@Override
public Condition newCondition() {
return null;
}
}
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import com.atguigu.redislock.mylock.DistributedLockFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class InventoryService {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String port;
@Autowired
private DistributedLockFactory distributedLockFactory;
public String sale() {
String retMessage = "";
Lock redisLock = distributedLockFactory.getDistributedLock("redis");
redisLock.lock();
try {
//1 查询库存信息
String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("inventory001");
//2 判断库存是否足够
Integer inventoryNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
//3 扣减库存
if(inventoryNumber > 0) {
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("inventory001",String.valueOf(--inventoryNumber));
retMessage = "成功卖出一个商品,库存剩余: "+inventoryNumber;
System.out.println(retMessage);
//暂停几秒钟线程,为了测试自动续期
try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(120); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}else{
retMessage = "商品卖完了,o(╥﹏╥)o";
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
redisLock.unlock();
}
return retMessage+"\t"+"服务端口号:"+port;
}
private void testReEnter() {
Lock redisLock = distributedLockFactory.getDistributedLock("redis");
redisLock.lock();
try {
System.out.println("################测试可重入锁####################################");
}finally {
redisLock.unlock();
}
}
}
1、使用 synchronized 关键字或使用jdk中Lock,单机版OK,上分布式死翅翘
2、nginx分布式微服务,单机锁不行
3、取消单机锁,上redis分布式锁setnx
3.1、只加了锁,没有释放锁,出异常的话,可能无法释放锁,必须要在代码层面finally释放锁
3.2、宕机了,部署了微服务代码层面根本没有走到finally这块,没办法保证解锁,这个key没有被删除,需要有lockKey的过期时间设定
4、为redis的分布式锁key,增加过期时间,此外,还必须要setnx+过期时间同一行
4.1、必须规定只能自己删除自己的锁,你不能把别人的锁删除了,防止张冠李戴,1别2,2删3的情况
5、unlock变为lua脚本保证原子性
6、锁重入,hset替代setnx+lock变为Lua脚本保证
7、锁的自动续期
1、按照juc里面java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock接口规范编写
2、lock()加锁实现逻辑
a、加锁的Lua脚本,通过redis里面的hash数据模型,加锁和可重入性都要保证
b、加锁不成,需要while进行重试并自旋
c、自动续期,加个钟
3、 unlock()解锁实现逻辑
a、考虑可重入性的递减,加锁几次就要减锁几次
b、最后到零了,直接del删除
注:将Key键删除。但也不能乱删,不的说客户端1的请求将客户端2的锁给删除掉,只能自己删除自己的锁