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QT_Socket_tcp通信
一、项目介绍
本篇为基于QT下的Socket编程，其首要部分为QT基础，不懂的可以返回我主页查看 “ QT分栏 ” 的相关文章，其次为Socket编程和TCP通信，可查看文章 “ TCP传输控制协议 ” 和“ Socket编程基础 ”进行食用。
本篇QT的编程环境为Ubuntu-20.04，在Windows下也可以直接运行，这里笔者再提一下ubuntu与windows文件传输的问题，俩者可设立共享文件夹，实现不同系统下文件共享，详细操作可移步 “ 实现虚拟机下“ Linux与Windows 共享文件夹 ” 。
本项目最终实现：客户端在接口处输入服务器IP地址与端口号(Ubuntu下输入ifconfig查看ip信息)，连接成功后双方会在界面处显示“客户端/服务器 连接成功”，然后双方就可以在发送区输入数据进行通信，根据接收到的不同数据 进行不同操作。
二、程序设计
1. Server
- 创建套接字
tcpserver=new QTcpServer(this);//指定父对象 回收空间- 1
- 绑定ip与端口，进入监听状态
tcpserver->listen(QHostAddress::Any,8080);//绑定当前网卡所有的ip 绑定端口 也就是设置服务器地址和端口号- 1
- 建立连接
connect(tcpserver,&QTcpServer::newConnection,[=](){};- 1
- 创建通信套接字
tcpsocket=tcpserver->nextPendingConnection();- 1
- 获取通信套接字的控制信息，并显示“客户端连接成功”
QString ip=tcpsocket->peerAddress().toString();//获取连接的 ip地址 quint16 port=tcpsocket->peerPort();//获取连接的 端口号 QString temp=QString("[%1:%2] 客服端连接成功").arg(ip).arg(port); ui->textEditRead->setText(temp); //显示连接成功- 1
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- 接收客户端消息
connect(tcpsocket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){ QString str=tcpsocket->readAll(); //从通信套接字中取出内容 });- 1
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- 发送消息给客户端
//获取编辑区域的内容 QString str=ui->textEditWrite->toPlainText(); //写入通信套接字 协议栈自动发送 tcpsocket->write(str.toUtf8().data());- 1
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- 关闭套接字，断开连接
//通信套接字主动与服务端断开连接 tcpsocket->disconnectFromHost();//结束聊天 //关闭 通信套接字 tcpsocket->close(); tcpsocket=nullptr; }- 1
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2. Client
- 创建通信套接字
tcpsocket=new QTcpSocket(this);- 1
- 获取服务器IP地址和端口号
QString IP=ui->lineEditIP->text(); quint16 Port=ui->lineEditPort->text().toInt();- 1
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- 向服务器申请连接
tcpsocket->connectToHost(IP,Port);- 1
- 连接服务器并显示“服务器连接成功”
connect(tcpsocket,&QTcpSocket::connected,[=](){ ui->textEditRead->setText("服务器连接成功！"); });- 1
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- 向服务器发送消息
QString str=ui->textEditWrite->toPlainText(); //将信息写入到通信套接字 tcpsocket->write(str.toUtf8().data());- 1
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- 接收服务器消息
connect(tcpsocket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,[=](){ QString str=tcpsocket->readAll(); };- 1
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- 关闭套接字，断开连接
tcpsocket->disconnectFromHost();//断开与服务器的连接 tcpsocket->close();//关闭通信套接字- 1
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三、Ui界面
1. Server
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <ui version="4.0"> <class>server</class> <widget class="QWidget" name="server"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>0</x> <y>0</y> <width>665</width> <height>675</height> </rect> </property> <property name="windowTitle"> <string>Server</string> </property> <property name="styleSheet"> <string notr="true">font: 16pt "Adobe Arabic";</string> </property> <widget class="QLabel" name="label"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>280</x> <y>20</y> <width>101</width> <height>41</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>服务器</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QTextEdit" name="textEditRead"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>100</x> <y>70</y> <width>521</width> <height>241</height> </rect> </property> <property name="styleSheet"> <string notr="true">font: 12pt "Adobe Arabic";</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_2"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>50</x> <y>116</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>接</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_3"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>50</x> <y>160</y> <width>31</width> <height>41</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>收</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_4"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>50</x> <y>210</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>框</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QTextEdit" name="textEditWrite"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>100</x> <y>340</y> <width>521</width> <height>241</height> </rect> </property> <property name="styleSheet"> <string notr="true">font: 12pt "Adobe Arabic";</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_5"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>50</x> <y>386</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>发</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_6"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>50</x> <y>430</y> <width>31</width> <height>41</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>送</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_7"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>50</x> <y>480</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>框</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QPushButton" name="buttonsend"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>160</x> <y>610</y> <width>111</width> <height>41</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>发送</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QPushButton" name="buttonclose"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>410</x> <y>610</y> <width>111</width> <height>41</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>关闭</string> </property> </widget> </widget> <layoutdefault spacing="6" margin="11"/> <resources/> <connections/> </ui>- 1
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2. Client
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <ui version="4.0"> <class>client</class> <widget class="QWidget" name="client"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>0</x> <y>0</y> <width>665</width> <height>675</height> </rect> </property> <property name="windowTitle"> <string>Client</string> </property> <property name="styleSheet"> <string notr="true">font: 14pt "Adobe Arabic";</string> </property> <widget class="QLabel" name="label"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>50</x> <y>30</y> <width>171</width> <height>41</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>服务器 IP 地址：</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_2"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>100</x> <y>90</y> <width>101</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>端口号：</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEditIP"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>230</x> <y>30</y> <width>191</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>192.168.229.1</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEditPort"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>230</x> <y>90</y> <width>191</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>8888</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QPushButton" name="buttonconnect"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>462</x> <y>50</y> <width>121</width> <height>51</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>连接</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QTextEdit" name="textEditRead"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>80</x> <y>150</y> <width>551</width> <height>201</height> </rect> </property> <property name="styleSheet"> <string notr="true">font: 12pt "Adobe Arabic";</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QTextEdit" name="textEditWrite"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>80</x> <y>370</y> <width>551</width> <height>211</height> </rect> </property> <property name="styleSheet"> <string notr="true">font: 12pt "Adobe Arabic";</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_3"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>30</x> <y>186</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>接</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_4"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>30</x> <y>226</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>收</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_5"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>30</x> <y>270</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>框</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_6"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>30</x> <y>410</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>发</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_7"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>30</x> <y>456</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>送</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QLabel" name="label_8"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>30</x> <y>500</y> <width>31</width> <height>31</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>框</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QPushButton" name="buttonsend"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>150</x> <y>610</y> <width>110</width> <height>40</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>发送</string> </property> </widget> <widget class="QPushButton" name="buttonclose"> <property name="geometry"> <rect> <x>400</x> <y>610</y> <width>101</width> <height>41</height> </rect> </property> <property name="text"> <string>关闭</string> </property> </widget> </widget> <layoutdefault spacing="6" margin="11"/> <resources/> <connections/> </ui>- 1
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四、程序源码
若需程序源码可在评论区留言QQ邮箱或直接私信即可
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/Dustinthewine/article/details/127713984
