APM性能监测工具skywalking——k8s从入门到高并发系列教程（十三）

        为了找出响应速度慢，超时失败率高的接口，并定位出性能瓶颈的卡壳所在，我们需要一个apm性能监测工具。php是一个单进程的语言，性能卡壳主要就在于myql、redis、memcache等数据库操作以及curl等微服务调用过程，我们需要一个工具，能够帮助我们系统的看到整个接口的请求——响应过程，找出过程中的耗时点，有针对性的做出优化。skywalking是国产开源的apm性能管理工具，本教程在前面内容的基础上，基于k8s搭建一个自己的skywalking服务端，ui工具以及php的skywalking agent

mysql

我们的skywalking使用外部mysql作为数据存储仓库

mysql存储卷

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: mysql-data
  namespace: datacenter
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 2Gi
  storageClassName: local-path
  volumeMode: Filesystem

myql deployment中用环境变量指定时区和root密码，root密码来自于k8s配置的密钥

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: db
    k8s.kuboard.cn/name: mysql
  name: mysql
  namespace: datacenter
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: db
      k8s.kuboard.cn/name: mysql
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: db
        k8s.kuboard.cn/name: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
        - env:
            - name: TZ
              value: Asia/Shanghai
          envFrom:
            - secretRef:
                name: passwords
          image: 'mysql:8.0'
          name: mysql
          ports:
            - containerPort: 3306
              name: mysql
              protocol: TCP
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
              name: volume-3k3ah
      volumes:
        - name: volume-3k3ah
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: mysql-data

skywalking-oap

skywalking连接mysql，需要自己下载mysql的jar包放到/skywalking/ext-libs 目录中，我这里使用共享数据卷的方式放入。在环境变量中配置连接方式为mysql以及mysql的连接信息从k8s的密钥中读取，时区设置一下

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: monitor
    k8s.kuboard.cn/name: skywalking
  name: skywalking
  namespace: promethues
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: monitor
      k8s.kuboard.cn/name: skywalking
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: monitor
        k8s.kuboard.cn/name: skywalking
    spec:
      containers:
        - env:
            - name: TZ
              value: Asia/Shanghai
            - name: SW_STORAGE
              value: mysql
          envFrom:
            - secretRef:
                name: skywalking-db
          image: 'apache/skywalking-oap-server:9.0.0'
          name: skywalking
          ports:
            - containerPort: 12800
              name: sky-http
              protocol: TCP
            - containerPort: 11800
              name: sky-grpc
              protocol: TCP
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /skywalking/ext-libs
              name: volume-r8etc
      volumes:
        - name: volume-r8etc
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: skywalking-jars

skywalking-ui

        skywalking-ui是skywalking的界面展示工具，需要连接到skywalking才能使用，环境变量中设置一下时区

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: web
    k8s.kuboard.cn/name: skywalking-ui
  name: skywalking-ui
  namespace: promethues
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: web
      k8s.kuboard.cn/name: skywalking-ui
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s.kuboard.cn/layer: web
        k8s.kuboard.cn/name: skywalking-ui
    spec:
      containers:
        - env:
            - name: SW_OAP_ADDRESS
              value: 'http://skywalking:12800'
            - name: TZ
              value: Asia/Shanghai
          image: 'apache/skywalking-ui:8.9.0'
          name: skywalking-ui
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
              name: skywalking-ui
              protocol: TCP

php-agent

skywalking php客户端的编译需要依赖cargo 和 rust 环境 以及libcurl库

cargo和rust

export RUSTUP_HOME=/tmp/rustup && \
export CARGO_HOME=/tmp/cargo && \
curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh -s -- -y --no-modify-path && \
ln -s $CARGO_HOME/bin/rustup /usr/local/bin/rustup && \
ln -s $CARGO_HOME/bin/rustc /usr/local/bin/rustc && \
ln -s $CARGO_HOME/bin/cargo /usr/local/bin/cargo && \
ln -s $CARGO_HOME/bin/rustfmt /usr/local/bin/rustfmt

libcurl

apt install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev

安装skywalking

rustup default stable && pecl install skywalking

skywaling的php配置文件内容如下

extension=skywalking
skywalking.enable = ${PHP_SKYWALKING_ENABLE}
skywalking.service = ${APP_NAME}
skywalking.oap_version = 9.0.0
skywalking.grpc_address = ${PHP_SKYWALKING_SERVER_ADDR}
skywalking.log_level = ${PHP_SKYWALKING_LOG_LEVEL}
skywalking.log_path = ${PHP_SKYWALKING_LOG_FILE}
skywalking.sample_n_per_3_secs = ${PHP_SKYWALKING_SAMPLE_PER_SECS}
skywalking.curl_response_enable = 1

具体内容从环境变量中读取

apiVersion: v1
data:
  PHP_SKYWALKING_ENABLE: 'On'
  PHP_SKYWALKING_LOG_FILE: /tmp/skywalking_agent.log
  PHP_SKYWALKING_LOG_LEVEL: INFO
  PHP_SKYWALKING_SERVER_ADDR: 'skywalking.promethues:11800'
  PHP_SKYWALKING_WORKER_THREADS: '1'
  PHP_SKYWALKING_SAMPLE_PER_SECS: '3'
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: test-api-env
  namespace: test-project1

skywalking 的 php agent通过 sky的grpc端口 11800 发送链路追踪数据。skywalking连接mysql存储这些数据，skywalking-ui 调用 sky的http端口 12800 查询数据做成报表。