• 【云原生】Prometheus+Grafana on K8s 环境部署

    文章目录

    一、概述

    Prometheus 最开始是由 SoundCloud 开发的开源监控告警系统，是 Google BorgMon 监控系统的开源版本。在 2016 年，Prometheus 加入 CNCF，成为继 Kubernetes 之后第二个被 CNCF 托管的项目。随着 Kubernetes 在容器编排领头羊地位的确立，Prometheus 也成为 Kubernetes 容器监控的标配。

    在这里插入图片描述
    关于Prometheus 的介绍可以参考我之前的文章：Prometheus原理详解

    二、使用 Helm 安装 Prometheus

    地址：https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/prometheus-community/prometheus

    1）配置源

    # 添加repo
helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
helm repo update prometheus-community
helm search repo prometheus-community/prometheus

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    2）下载 prometheus 包

    # 拉包
helm pull prometheus-community/prometheus
# 解包
tar -xf prometheus-15.12.2.tgz

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    3）修改镜像

    grep -A3 'image:' prometheus/values.yaml

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    search-》pull-》tag-》push

    ### 1、alertmanager
docker search alertmanager
docker pull quay.io/prometheus/alertmanager
docker tag  quay.io/prometheus/alertmanager myharbor.com/monitoring/alertmanager:v0.24.0
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/alertmanager:v0.24.0

### 2、configmap-reload
docker search configmap-reload
docker pull jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.5.0
docker tag jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.5.0 myharbor.com/monitoring/configmap-reload:v0.5.0
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/configmap-reload:v0.5.0

### 3、node-exporter
docker search node-exporter
docker pull quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.3.1
docker tag quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.3.1 myharbor.com/monitoring/node-exporter:v1.3.1
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/node-exporter:v1.3.1

### 4、prometheus
docker search prometheus
docker pull quay.io/prometheus/prometheus:v2.36.2
docker tag  quay.io/prometheus/prometheus:v2.36.2 myharbor.com/monitoring/prometheus:v2.36.2
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/prometheus:v2.36.2

### 5、pushgateway
docker search pushgateway
docker pull prom/pushgateway:v1.4.3
docker tag prom/pushgateway:v1.4.3 myharbor.com/monitoring/pushgateway:v1.4.3
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/pushgateway:v1.4.3

### 6、kube-state-metrics
# charts/kube-state-metrics/values.yaml
docker pull bitnami/kube-state-metrics
docker tag bitnami/kube-state-metrics:latest myharbor.com/monitoring/kube-state-metrics:latest
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/kube-state-metrics:latest

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    修改镜像values.yaml，charts/kube-state-metrics/values.yaml

    4）安装 prometheus

    # --dry-run --debug
helm install prometheus ./ \
  -n prometheus \
  --create-namespace \
  --set server.ingress.enabled=true \
  --set server.ingress.hosts='{prometheus.k8s.local}' \
  --set server.ingress.paths='{/}' \
  --set server.ingress.pathType=Prefix \
  --set alertmanager.ingress.enabled=true \
  --set alertmanager.ingress.hosts='{alertmanager.k8s.local}' \
  --set alertmanager.ingress.paths='{/}' \
  --set alertmanager.ingress.pathType=Prefix \
  --set grafana.ingress.enabled=true \
  --set grafana.ingress.hosts='{grafana.k8s.local}' \
  --set grafana.ingress.paths='{/}' \
  --set grafana.ingress.pathType=Prefix

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    NOTES

    NAME: prometheus
LAST DEPLOYED: Sat Sep 17 10:06:04 2022
NAMESPACE: prometheus
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
The Prometheus server can be accessed via port 80 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
prometheus-server.prometheus.svc.cluster.local


Get the Prometheus server URL by running these commands in the same shell:
  export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace prometheus -l "app=prometheus,component=server" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
  kubectl --namespace prometheus port-forward $POD_NAME 9090


The Prometheus alertmanager can be accessed via port 80 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
prometheus-alertmanager.prometheus.svc.cluster.local

From outside the cluster, the alertmanager URL(s) are:
http://alertmanager.k8s.local
#################################################################################
######   WARNING: Pod Security Policy has been moved to a global property.  #####
######            use .Values.podSecurityPolicy.enabled with pod-based      #####
######            annotations                                               #####
######            (e.g. .Values.nodeExporter.podSecurityPolicy.annotations) #####
#################################################################################


The Prometheus PushGateway can be accessed via port 9091 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
prometheus-pushgateway.prometheus.svc.cluster.local


Get the PushGateway URL by running these commands in the same shell:
  export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace prometheus -l "app=prometheus,component=pushgateway" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
  kubectl --namespace prometheus port-forward $POD_NAME 9091

For more information on running Prometheus, visit:
https://prometheus.io/


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    在这里插入图片描述

    查看

    kubectl get pods,svc,ingress -n prometheus

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    5）访问web

    prometheus：http://prometheus.k8s.local/
    在这里插入图片描述
    alertmanager：http://alertmanager.k8s.local
    在这里插入图片描述

    6）配置https并更新

    1、生成证书（有证书可忽略）
    cd /opt/k8s/prometheus/artifacthub/prometheus
mkdir tls ; cd tls

# 生成 CA 证书私钥
openssl genrsa -out ca.key 4096
# 生成 CA 证书
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -sha512 -days 3650 \
 -subj "/C=CN/ST=Guangdong/L=Shenzhen/O=k8s.local/OU=k8s.local/CN=k8s.local" \
 -key ca.key \
 -out ca.crt
# 创建域名证书，生成私钥
openssl genrsa -out k8s.local.key 4096
# 生成证书签名请求 CSR
openssl req -sha512 -new \
    -subj "/C=CN/ST=Guangdong/L=Shenzhen/O=k8s.local/OU=k8s.local/CN=k8s.local" \
    -key k8s.local.key \
    -out k8s.local.csr
# 生成 x509 v3 扩展
cat > v3.ext <<-EOF
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth
subjectAltName = @alt_names

[alt_names]
DNS.1=k8s.local
DNS.2=*.k8s.local
DNS.3=k8s.local
EOF
#创建 k8s.local 访问证书
openssl x509 -req -sha512 -days 3650 \
    -extfile v3.ext \
    -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial \
    -in k8s.local.csr \
    -out k8s.local.crt

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    在这里插入图片描述

    2、修改配置
    alertmanager:
...
  ingress:
  ...
    tls:
      - secretName: prometheus-alerts-tls
        hosts:
          - alertmanager.k8s.local
  ...

server:
...
  ingress:
  ...
    tls:
      - secretName: prometheus-alerts-tls
        hosts:
          - alertmanager.k8s.local
...
secrets:
  - name: prometheus-alerts-tls
    cert: tls/k8s.local.crt
    key: tls/k8s.local.key

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    新增一个templates/tls-secret.yaml文件

    {{ range .Values.secrets }}
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: {{ .name }}
data:
  tls.crt: {{ $.Files.Get .cert | b64enc }}
  tls.key: {{ $.Files.Get .key | b64enc }}
type: kubernetes.io/tls
---
{{ end }}

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    3、upgrade 更新
    helm upgrade prometheus ./ -n prometheus

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    查看

    kubectl get pods,svc,ingress -n prometheus

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    web 访问：
    https://prometheus.k8s.local/
    https://alertmanager.k8s.local/

    7）卸载

    helm uninstall prometheus -n prometheus

kubectl delete pod -n prometheus `kubectl get pod -n prometheus |awk 'NR>1{print $1}'` --force
kubectl patch ns prometheus -p '{"metadata":{"finalizers":null}}'
kubectl delete ns prometheus --force

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    三、使用 Helm 安装 Grafana

    地址：https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/grafana/grafana

    1）配置源

    helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
helm repo update grafana
helm search repo grafana/grafana

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    2）下载grafana包

    helm pull grafana/grafana
tar -xf grafana-6.38.3.tgz

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    3）修改镜像

    grep -A3 'image:' grafana/values.yaml

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    在这里插入图片描述
    search-》pull-》tag-》push

    ### 1、grafana
docker search grafana
docker pull grafana/grafana
docker tag grafana/grafana:latest myharbor.com/monitoring/grafana:9.1.5
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/grafana:9.1.5

### 2、bats
docker search bats
docker pull bats/bats:v1.4.1
docker tag bats/bats:v1.4.1 myharbor.com/monitoring/bats:v1.4.1
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/bats:v1.4.1

### 3、busybox
docker search busybox
docker pull busybox:1.31.1
docker tag busybox:1.31.1 myharbor.com/monitoring/busybox:1.31.1
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/busybox:1.31.1

### 4、k8s-sidecar
docker search k8s-sidecar
docker pull quay.io/kiwigrid/k8s-sidecar:1.19.2
docker tag quay.io/kiwigrid/k8s-sidecar:1.19.2 myharbor.com/monitoring/k8s-sidecar:1.19.2
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/k8s-sidecar:1.19.2

### 5、grafana-image-renderer
docker search grafana-image-renderer
docker pull grafana/grafana-image-renderer:latest
docker tag grafana/grafana-image-renderer:latest myharbor.com/monitoring/grafana-image-renderer:latest
docker push myharbor.com/monitoring/grafana-image-renderer:latest

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    修改镜像values.yaml

    4）安装 grafana

    helm install grafana ./ \
  -n grafana \
  --create-namespace \
  --set ingress.enabled=true \
  --set ingress.hosts='{grafana.k8s.local}' \
  --set ingress.paths='{/}' \
  --set ingress.pathType=Prefix

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    NOTES

    NAME: grafana
LAST DEPLOYED: Sat Sep 17 11:41:14 2022
NAMESPACE: grafana
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
1. Get your 'admin' user password by running:

   kubectl get secret --namespace grafana grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo

2. The Grafana server can be accessed via port 80 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:

   grafana.grafana.svc.cluster.local

   If you bind grafana to 80, please update values in values.yaml and reinstall:

   securityContext:
     runAsUser: 0
     runAsGroup: 0
     fsGroup: 0

   command:
   - "setcap"
   - "'cap_net_bind_service=+ep'"
   - "/usr/sbin/grafana-server &&"
   - "sh"
   - "/run.sh"

   Details refer to https://grafana.com/docs/installation/configuration/#http-port.
   Or grafana would always crash.

   From outside the cluster, the server URL(s) are:
     http://grafana.k8s.local


3. Login with the password from step 1 and the username: admin
#################################################################################
######   WARNING: Persistence is disabled!!! You will lose your data when   #####
######            the Grafana pod is terminated.                            #####
#################################################################################

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    在这里插入图片描述
    查看

    kubectl get pods,svc,ingress -n grafana

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    在这里插入图片描述

    5）访问web

    http://grafana.k8s.local/
    账号：admin，密码通过下面命令获取0D0NfEWWFx9qsBiKR8PuFVxf6PPa9o8YGhZZaNXY

    kubectl get secret --namespace grafana grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo

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    在这里插入图片描述

    6）配置https并更新

    证书的就用上面的，注意记得把stl文件copy到grafana部署目录

    1、修改配置
    ...
ingress:
...
  tls:
    - secretName: prometheus-alerts-tls
      hosts:
        - grafana.k8s.local
...
secrets:
  - name: grafana-alerts-tls
    cert: tls/k8s.local.crt
    key: tls/k8s.local.key

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    新增一个templates/tls-secret.yaml文件

    {{ range .Values.secrets }}
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: {{ .name }}
data:
  tls.crt: {{ $.Files.Get .cert | b64enc }}
  tls.key: {{ $.Files.Get .key | b64enc }}
type: kubernetes.io/tls
---
{{ end }}

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    2、upgrade 更新
    helm upgrade grafana ./ -n grafana

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    查看

    kubectl get pods,svc,ingress -n grafana

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    在这里插入图片描述

    web 访问：https://grafana.k8s.local/
    账号：admin，密码通过下面命令获取0D0NfEWWFx9qsBiKR8PuFVxf6PPa9o8YGhZZaNXY

    kubectl get secret --namespace grafana grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo

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    在这里插入图片描述

    7）卸载

    helm uninstall grafana -n grafana

kubectl delete pod -n grafana `kubectl get pod -n grafana|awk 'NR>1{print $1}'` --force
kubectl patch ns grafana -p '{"metadata":{"finalizers":null}}'
kubectl delete ns grafana --force

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    Prometheus on K8s 环境部署就先到这里了，下一篇文章讲具体怎么使用Prometheus+grafana监控k8s资源，请小伙伴耐心等待哦，有任何疑问欢迎给我留言哦~

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35745940/article/details/126818214