如何查找linux指令或者资料的说明

如何查找linux指令或者资料的说明

例子：查找printf的用法说明

1. 先用 whatis printf 查看printf相关的信息（也可以用man -f printf，man --help中有介绍，两种方式一样）

ubuntu@VM-16-16-ubuntu:~$ whatis printf
printf (1)           - format and print data
printf (3)           - formatted output conversion
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可以看到返回的内容：命令名称+命令在man手册中的章节+简述命令或函数的作用
小贴士：可以通过man man 查看到man手册9个章节的含义

  1   Executable programs or shell commands				
  2   System calls (functions provided by the kernel)
  3   Library calls (functions within program libraries)      #一些常用函数库，大部分为C函数库
  4   Special files (usually found in /dev)
  5   File formats and conventions, e.g. /etc/passwd
  6   Games
  7   Miscellaneous (including macro packages and conventions), e.g. man(7), groff(7)
  8   System administration commands (usually only for root)
  9   Kernel routines [Non standard]

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2. 要查找shell命令printf的详细说明，选择man手册的第一章 man 1 printf查看，当然也可以直接printf --help
   要查找C语言printf库函数的用法，选择man手册的第三章 man 3 printf查看

3. 如果要查找的指令或者函数名称包含printf，可以使用man -k printf（等价于apropos printf）

ubuntu@VM-16-16-ubuntu:~$ man -k printf
asprintf (3)         - print to allocated string
dprintf (3)          - formatted output conversion
fprintf (3)          - formatted output conversion
fwprintf (3)         - formatted wide-character output conversion
printf (1)           - format and print data
printf (3)           - formatted output conversion
snprintf (3)         - formatted output conversion
sprintf (3)          - formatted output conversion
swprintf (3)         - formatted wide-character output conversion
vasprintf (3)        - print to allocated string
vdprintf (3)         - formatted output conversion
vfprintf (3)         - formatted output conversion
vfwprintf (3)        - formatted wide-character output conversion
vprintf (3)          - formatted output conversion
vsnprintf (3)        - formatted output conversion
vsprintf (3)         - formatted output conversion
vswprintf (3)        - formatted wide-character output conversion
vwprintf (3)         - formatted wide-character output conversion
wprintf (3)          - formatted wide-character output conversion
XtAsprintf (3)       - memory management functions
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参考资料

4.3 Linux系統的線上求助man page與info page
Linux中man手册的使用 ——以CentOS6.8为例