Term Definition
Conceptualization（概念化） Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims
Methodology（方法论） Development or design of methodology; creation of models
Software（软件） Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components
Validation（验证） Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/ reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs
Formal analysis（形式分析） Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data
Investigation（调查） Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection
Resources（资源） Provision o