• PMP_强化练习题(一)180题(附答案及解析)


    单选题 (每题1分,共180道题)

    1、 [单选] 项目经理收到项目可交付成果的验收,并举行了经验教训会议,若要结束该项目,项目经理下一步应该做什么?
    A project manager received acceptance of project deliverables and held the lessons learned session. To close the project,What should the project manager do next?

    •  A:解散资源 Release the resources
    •  B:更新组织过程资产 Update the organizational process assets
    •  C:核实范围 Validate the scope
    •  D:开展绩效评估 Conduct performance evaluations

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:解析:PMBOK(6)4.7 结束项目或阶段。 ”举行了经验教训会议“并”结束该项目“,明确处于收尾阶段,应该先将经验教训更新到组织过程资产,才会解散资源 其他选项:CD不是收尾阶段,A在B的后面。

    2、 [单选] 在开发的最后一天,软件开发团队的项目主管宣布由于意外停电可能导致延期。由于测试时间有限,软件开发主管和测试主管之间展开激烈的讨论。下列哪一项冲突解决技术将提供长期解决方案?
    On the last day of development, the project leader of the software development team announces that an unexpected power outage could result in an extension. Due to limited testing time, there is a heated discussion between the software development director and the test supervisor. Which of the following conflict resolution techniques will provide a long-term solution?

    •  A:妥协/调解 Compromise/Mediation
    •  B:合作/解决问题 Cooperation/Problem solving
    •  C:缓解/包容 Mitigation/Inclusion
    •  D:强迫/命令 Forcing/Commanding

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:PMBOK(6)P348- 9.5.2.1 冲突管理。冲突管理,首先采用合作/解决问题。

    3、 [单选] 在项目执行期间,一名团队成员识别到以前未被识别为项目相关方的职能经理提交了新需求。项目经理应该怎么做?
    During the project implementation, a team member identifies a new requirement from a functional manager who was not previously identified as a project stakeholder.What should the project manager do?

    •  A:与项目发起人开会,获得反馈 To hold a meeting with the project sponsor to get feedback
    •  B:启动实施整体变更控制过程 To launch the implementation of the overall change control process
    •  C:对需求执行成本效益分析 To perform cost-benefit analysis of the requirement execution
    •  D:将该职能经理添加进沟通管理计划 To add the functional manager to the communication management plan

    正确答案:B 你的答案:D

    解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P113,4.6-实施整体变更控制。虽然职能经理之前没有识别到,对他提交的变更请求也要遵循整体变更控制流程。选项A,需要对于变更请求的影响进行评估,如果影响到基准,需要提交给CCB进行审批,而不是要求项目发起人干预。选项C,成本效益分析是在对变更请求评估过程中可能采用的技术,包含在了选项B之中。选项D,虽然职能部门经理之前没识别到,但是由他所引发的沟通需求不是情景的焦点。

    4、 [单选] 你正在与产品负责人一起确定可行的产品迭代计划。 当你讨论各种特性并确定它们的优先级时,你们都在努力理解哪些特性应该具有更高的优先级。 项目经理和产品负责人应该查询什么工具?
    You are working with the product owner to determine a viable product iteration plan. As you discuss various features and prioritize them, you both are struggling with understanding what features should have a higher priority. What artifact should the project manager and product owner consult?

    •  A:“任务列表。任务列表将帮助产品经理和产品负责人理解创建一个特性所需要的元素。” The task list. This will help the product manager and product owner understand what it takes to create a feature.
    •  B:迭代计划。迭代计划将摆脱所需的各种特性。 The iteration plan. This will break out the various features that are desired.
    •  C:“发布计划。发布计划将摆脱项目的迭代。” The release plan. This breaks out the iterations of the project.
    •  D:Scrum 待办事项列表 The Scrum backlog

    正确答案:C 你的答案:D

    解析:当Scrum团队按照Sprint的方式进行迭代交付的时候,他们更加关注的是发布,而不是项目。发布是对整个产品发布过程的展望,是一个开发团队交付一个可以工作的软件给团队外部的人使用,以满足他们的某个目的。而迭代计划是发布计划的进一步计划,只是对一次迭代的展望,只在Sprint开始时才开始做迭代计划。项目经理和产品负责人在确定可行的产品迭代计划和优先级时,需要先定义产品的开发方向,因此应查阅发布计划,选C而不选B。

    选项A:任务列表是团队为实现用户故事需要完成的各项工作的列表,是开发团队的工作文件,选项A不符合题干要求。

    选项D:Scrum待办事项列表是所有工作的有序列表,它以故事形式呈现给团队,并根据需要进行不断调整和细化,选项D不符合题干要求。

    5、 [单选] 一个复杂项目包含对最终目标有不同看法的相关方。相关方就项目发起人确定的目标最终达成一致意见。之后,在项目执行阶段,发起人退休,相关方之间从此开始产生冲突。新任命的发起人希望知道如何才能根据目标重新调整相关方之间的关系。 项目经理应该做什么?
    A complex project comprises stakeholders with differing views on the final objective.Ultimately,the stakeholders agree on the objective defined by the project sponsor.The sponsor then retires during the execution phase,which begins to create conflict among stakeholders.The newly appointed sponsor wants to know what can be done to realign stakeholders with the objective. What should the project manager do?

    •  A:密切关注相关方的误解 Closely monitor stakeholder misunderstandings
    •  B:重新审查沟通管理计划,以确定最佳策略 Review the communications management plan to identify the best strategy
    •  C:修改项目章程以解决冲突 Revise the project charter to address the conflicts
    •  D:影响相关方以遵循约定的目标 Influence the stakeholders to follow the agreed-upon objective

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P534- 13.4.2.5 领导力。成功的相关方参与,需要强有力的领导技能,以传递愿景并激励相关方支持项目工作和成果。项目经理使用自己的领导力影响相关方遵守约定的项目目标。 其他选项:A,关注误解以外还要解决实际问题。B,非沟通问题。C,已经冲突,项目目标无法直接修改,需要先评估。

    6、 [单选] 项目经理的任务是提高组织对其公司“品牌重塑”项目的认识。若要实现这一点,项目经理应该做什么?
    A project manager is tasked with increasing organizational awareness of the company' s rebranding project.What should the project manager do to achieve this?

    •  A:要求项目管理办公室(PMO)创建内部项目储存库 Ask the project manager office(PMO)to create an internal project repository.
    •  B:确保定期更新公司的社交媒体账户 Ensure that the company' s social media account is regularly update
    •  C:确保所有项目文件都存储在项目管理信息系统(PMIS)中,供所有工作人员访问 Ensure that all project documents are stored in the project management information system(PMIS)for access by all staff members.
    •  D:更新沟通管理计划,并让组织的内部沟通团队参与 Update the communications management plan,and engage the organization's internal communications team.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P377- 10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划。此题只看题干描述,无法直接看出考点,从四个选项来看,都是沟通相关的选项,因此选择沟通中最重要的文件《沟通管理计划》,ABC这些信息的储存、分享方式,都可以在D沟通管理计划中体现,从而让项目团队更好的理解项目目标。

    7、 [单选] 承包商正在根据固定总价(FFP)合同执行一个翻新项目。在项目期间,承包商进行了多项仍在项目范围内的小变更,此外,一些相关方要求进行变更。项目经理应该怎么做?
    A contractor is performing a renovation project based on a firm fixed price (FFP) contract. During the project, the contractor makes multiple small changes that are still within the project’s scope In addition, several stakeholders request more changes. What should the project manager do?

    •  A:修改合同以纳入这些变更 Amend the contract to incorporate the changes
    •  B:将这些超范围变更添加到变更日志 Add the scope changes to the change log
    •  C:查阅沟通管理计划 Refer the communication management plan
    •  D:查阅变更管理计划 Consult the change management plan

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P113-4.6实施整体变更控制。变更很多,需要使用变更管理计划来执行。本题考察的是变更管理,排除AC;B,超范围的变更应该先查阅变更管理计划然后实施整体变更控制流程后再更新到变更日志。

    8、 [单选] 一个项目正处于执行阶段,为了节省时间和获得奖金,团队成员希望快速交付一些已准备好的可交付成果,因此必须删去质量控制相关的任务。项目经理应该怎么做?
    A project is in its execution phase,and some deliverables are almost ready to go to the client.Team members want to quickly hand off these deliverables to save time and receive their bonus.To achieve this quality-control-related basks will need to be eliminate.What should the project manager do?

    •  A:完成项目,签发变更请求,并而请求一支新资源替换不合规的部分 Finalize the project,issued a change request and request a new team due to noncompliance.
    •  B:向项目发起人和管理层报告该问题,防止支付效率奖金 Reports the issue to the project sponsors and management to prevent the efficiency bonus from being pay
    •  C:让团队成员查阅质量管理计划并向项目发起人报告道德问题 Refer the team members to the quality management plan and report ethics to the project sponsor.
    •  D:将可能不满足客户要求的风险更新到风险登记册中 Update the risk register with potential unmet customer requirements.

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:PMBOK(6)P286- 质量管理计划。团队成员为了奖金,选择忽视质量,偷工减料。不可取,要让团队成员必须按照质量管理计划来做。 其他选项:A直接收尾项目不对,B后半句不对,D也接受了成员的建议不对

    9、 [单选] 项目经理负责管理一个正在进行的项目,该项目存在质量问题。团队成员认为质量保证对项目没有增加任何价值。 此时项目经理应该怎么做?
    The project manager is responsible for managing an ongoing project with quality problems. Team members consider that quality assurance does not add any value to the project. What should the project manager do?

    •  A:修订项目管理计划 To revise the project management plan
    •  B:修订质量管理计划 To revise the quality control plan
    •  C:执行根本原因分析 To perform root cause analysis
    •  D:控制质量测量指标 To control quality measurement indicators

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:PMBOK(6)P292- 8.2.2.2数据分析。存在质量问题,质量活动没有起到作用。需要先分析根本原因,再考虑采取措施。 其他选项:ABD都直接采取了措施。

    10、 [单选] 在你的产品负责人的支持下,待办事项的优先排序不断更新,团队从中挑选出价值最高的项目来交付。这意味着在任何时间点,团队都在研究被认为对客户最有价值的特性或组件。团队的这种非凡的努力源自以下哪一项?
    With the support of your product owner, the backlog is prioritized continuously, and the team picks the items that have the highest value to deliver. This means that at any point in time, the features or components that are deemed most valuable to the customer are being worked upon. This phenomenal effort from the team is derived by which of the following?

    •  A:团队的首要任务是尽早且持续交付有价值的软件以满足客户。 Team’s highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software.
    •  B:欢迎不断变化的需求,即使是在开发后期。 Welcome changing requirements, even late in development.
    •  C:频繁地交付工作软件,从几周到几个月不等,优先考虑较短的迭代 Deliver working software frequently, from a couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a preference to the shorter iterations.
    •  D:在项目进展过程中,业务人员和开发人员必须每天一起工作。 Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project.

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:《敏捷实践指南》,图2-1.敏捷宣言,P7。关键字:对客户最有价值的。选项A:敏捷的12个原则。我们最重要的目标,是通过持续不断地及早交付有价值的软件使客户满意。选项A正确。选项BCD,题目情况据没有具体体现,因此排除。

    11、 [单选] 随着项目进展,项目经理预测到即将开展的活动中存在一些风险。项目经理应该使用哪一份文件进行风险分类?
    As the project progresses, the project manager predicts that there are certain risks in the upcoming activities. Which document should the project manager use for risk classification?

    •  A:风险分解结构 Risk Breakdown Structure
    •  B:风险管理计划 Risk Control Plan
    •  C:风险登记册 Risk Register
    •  D:风险绩效报告 Risk Performance Report

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:PMBOK(6)P405- 11.1.3.1 风险分解结构。风险分解结构就是对风险进行分类的。

    12、 [单选] 对于试图开展更快速的动态项目的机构而言,敏捷思维对于管理角色至关重要。 尤其是在混合管理中,决策、行动、方向和愿景通常来自管理层。 当一个组织考虑应用 Scrum 时,他们不应该只期待团队工作方式发生变化,他们还应该开始考虑管理团队打算如何运作。由谁来确保工作按照领导层的指示方向和产品的愿景展开?
    An Agile mindset is crucial in management roles for organizations that are trying to undertake more quick and dynamic projects. Decisions, actions, directions, and vision often come from the management level, especially in the hybrid world. When an organization thinks about applying Scrum, they shouldn’t expect only changes in how teams work but also, they should start considering how the management team intends to operate. Who ensures that work is aligned with leadership's direction and Product Vision?

    •  A:产品负责人 The Product Owner
    •  B:Scrum 主管 The Scrum Master
    •  C:团队 The Team
    •  D:敏捷教练 The Agile Coach

    正确答案:A 你的答案:B

    解析:《敏捷实践指南》,4.3.2.敏捷的角色,表 4-2敏捷团队角色,P41。关键字:确保工作按照领导层的指示方向和产品的愿景展开。选项A,产品负责人负责与相关方、客户及团队合作,定义产品开发方向,为将要开发/交付的下一个功能设定方向,决定每个冲刺要交付的需求、特性和价值。选项B,Scrum主管负责团队,帮助团队快速高效实现产品负责人所设定的目标,因此排除。 选项C,团队协同工作,自组织,跨职能以确定如何最好地满足产品负责人的目标,因此排除。 选项D,敏捷教练是指导团队进行敏捷管理的角色,因此排除。

    13、 [单选] 在收到软件开发项目的可交付成果时,客户发现没有遵守他们的编码标准,最终产品不符合质量要求。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
    Upon receipt of a software development project deliverable,the customer identifies that their coding standards, were not followed and that the final product fails to meet quality requirements. What should the project manager do next?

    •  A:查看质量管理计划 Review the quality management plan
    •  B:开展质量审计 Conduct a quality audit
    •  C:审查项目基准 Review the project baseline
    •  D:与客户协商接受可交付成果 Negotiate with the customer to accept the deliverable

    正确答案:A 你的答案:B

    解析:PMBOK(6)P286- 8.1.3.1质量管理计划。题目是两个问题:1、不遵守流程,2、最终产品不符合质量。第一个问题可以用质量审计,属于管理质量过程;第二个问题要修复缺陷,属于控制质量过程只有A同时指导管理质量过程和控制质量过程。 其他选项:B被包含在A中,C项目基准不含质量,D明确不合格,协商没有用。

    14、 [单选] 在一个系统升级项目的早期阶段,两位关键相关方由新加入公司的人员所取代,导致项目延期。项目经理首先应该怎么做?
    In the early stage of a system upgrade project,two key stakeholders are replaced by people new to the company causing project delays.What should the project manager do first?

    •  A:更新相关方登记册 Update the stakeholder register.
    •  B:与新相关方分享项目进度计划 Share the project schedule with the new stakeholders.
    •  C:与新相关方审查项目章程 Review the project charter with the new stakeholders.
    •  D:为新相关方提供系统相关培训 Train the new stakeholders on the system-

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:PMBOK(6)P514-13.1.3.1-相关方登记册。新相关方出现的三个条件:进入不同阶段、换人加人、组织重组。。满足三个条件之一,首先识别相关方并更新登记册。 其他选项:BCD都在A的后面

    15、 [单选] 项目经理在一个平衡矩阵式组织中管理一个中等优先级项目。现在,更高优先级的项目需要该项目的一些团队成员。 若要确定哪些资源对其项目可用,项目经理应该做什么?
    A project manager is leading a medium-priority project in a balanced matrix company.Some of this project`s team members are now required for higher-priority projects. What should the project manager do to determine what resources are available for their project?

    •  A:与每个资源核对,以了解他们的工作量 Check with each resource to undermine their workload
    •  B:审查资源管理计划 Review the resource management plan.
    •  C:询问项目管理办公室(PMO) Ask the project management office(PMO).
    •  D:与职能经理沟通 Communicate with the functional managers.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:PMBOK(6)P319- 9.1.3.1 资源管理计划。资源的可用性在资源管理计划里。 其他选项:A一个个核对不需要,看文件就行。C无须上报找领导。D,有现成的文件,不用找职能经理。

    16、 [单选] 在项目的初始阶段,通过了一项新法规。这项法规有可能会影响到项目的进度和预算。开始规划阶段之前,项目经理应该做什么?
    During a project's initial phase,a new regulation is introduce The regulation has the potential to impact the project's schedule and the budget. What should the project manager do before beginning the planning stage?

    •  A:执行定性风险分析 Perform a qualitative risk analysis.
    •  B:将该风险包含在项目章程中 Include the risk in the project charter.
    •  C:更新风险应对计划 Update the risk response plan.
    •  D:请求变更进度计划和预算 Request a change to schedule and budget.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    17、 [单选] 你是一名敏捷教练,希望确认开发团队有一种简单的方法来整理工作并将迭代中的剩余工作可视化。以下哪项是你可用来实现这个目的的最好方法
    You are an agile coach and want to confirm that the development team has an easy method to organize the work and visualize the remaining work in the iteration. Which of the following is the best approach you will use to complete the goals

    •  A:使用信息发射源 Use information radiator
    •  B:使用燃尽图 Use burndown chart
    •  C:使用燃起图 Use burnup chart
    •  D:使用任务板说明 Use the task board explanation

    正确答案:D 你的答案:B

    解析:《敏捷实践指南》,A3.4.看板方法,P105。
    题干中的关键句是“一种简单的方法来整理工作并将迭代中的剩余工作可视化”。
    选项A错误。信息发射源是一种可见的实物展示,其向组织内其他成员提供信息在不干扰团队的情况下即时实现知识共享。因此它是一种即时实现知识共享的媒介。
    选项B错误。这道题容易错选B,燃尽图是当前迭代剩余工作与时间盒内剩余时间关系的一种图形化表示形式,它可视化的展示了当前迭代剩余的故事点数,但是它并不是“一种简单的整理工作的方法”。
    选项C错误。燃起图是对当前迭代已完成工作与时间盒内剩余时间关系的一种图形化表示形式,它存在两个错误点,一是燃起图展示的是当前迭代已完成和故事点,和题干描述正好相反;二是燃起图和燃尽图一样,它也并不是“一种简单的整理工作的方法”。
    选项D正确。“任务板”,也称看板面板,看板面板是一种技术含量低但接触广泛的技术,利用列进入和退出策略以及限制在制品等制约因素,可提供一目了然的工作流、瓶颈、阻碍和整体状态信息,也包括当前迭代剩余工作的状态。符合题目的要求,因此选D。

    18、 [单选] 项目经理向指导委员会展示项目章程,指导委员会非常担心预先分配的资源,因为相关方不了解他们在项目中的参与情况。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
    A project manager presents the project charter to the steering committee.The steering committee is concerned about preassigned resource allocation because the stakeholders are unaware of their participation in the project. What should the project manager have done to avoid this?

    •  A:获得相关方的期望 Obtained stakeholders’ expectations
    •  B:管理相关方参与程度 Managed stakeholder engagement
    •  C:完成相关方登记册 Completed the stakeholder register
    •  D:定义每个相关方的角色与职责 Defined roles and responsibilities for each stakeholder

    正确答案:C 你的答案:B

    解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P514- 13.1.3.1 相关方登记册。相关方在项目中的角色,记录在相关方登记册中。"相关方不了解他们在项目中的参与情况" 因此在出现这种情况之前,项目经理应该先完成相关方登记册,明确相关方在项目中扮演的角色。 其他选项:A如果要确定相关方在项目扮演的角色,仅仅是期望是不够的,还要考虑权重等其他因素;B管理相关方参与是执行阶段做的事,现在还没有到执行阶段;D相关方的职责说法不对。

    19、 [单选] 一个产品按时按成本交付,并满足质量期望。但是,项目团队不确定生产的产品是否满足客户需求。下列哪一项说明了这种情况?
    A product is delivered on time, delivered within cost, and meets quality expectations. However, the project team is not sure if the product produced meet the client’s requirements. Which of the following explains this situation?

    •  A:相关方之间的沟通不良 There was poor communication among stakeholders
    •  B:项目章程不完善 Project chart was incomplete
    •  C:在需求识别阶段未使用专家判断 Expert judgment was not used during the requirement identification phase
    •  D:未更新需求跟踪矩阵 Requirements traceability matrix was not being updated

    正确答案:D 你的答案:B

    解析:PMBOK(6)P148- 5.2.3.2 需求跟踪矩阵。不确定是否满足客户需求,可交付成果与需求之前的关系就是需求跟踪矩阵。 其他选项:ABC都非需求识别与跟进的问题。

    解析:PMBOK(6)P78- 4.1.1.3 制定项目章程-事业环境因素。题干中明确说了是启动阶段(initial Phase),同时也说了法规。说明制定项目章程时要考虑法律这个制约因素,作为高层次风险纳入项目章程。 其他选项:ACD都不是启动阶段

    20、 [单选] 项目经理指出,一名位于另一个地点的团队成员总是错过最后期限。由于这会影响到项目进度,项目经理应该怎么做?
    The project manager indicates that a team member in another location always missed the deadline. Since this will affect the progress of the project, what should the project manager do?

    •  A:将该团队成员的工作重新分配给本地成员 To reassign the member's work to a local member
    •  B:考虑将该成员的工作承包给本地供应商 To consider contracting the member's work to a local supplier
    •  C:管理没有该成员的项目,并将此标记为项目相关方的风险 To manage the project without this member and mark this as the project stakeholders ' risk
    •  D:与该成员沟通,了解其情况,并提供指导和支持 To communicate with the member to understand the situation and provide guidance and support

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P348- 9.5.2.1人际关系与团队技能。项目经理应提供协助,促成满意的解决方案,采用直接和合作的方式,尽早并且通常在私下处理冲突。项目经理通常是先礼后兵,先了解情况,再给出举措。 其他选项:先D,然后再考虑ABC

    21、 [单选] 项目经理希望确保相关方能充分参与项目的整个生命周期,项目经理应该在相关方参与计划中包含下列哪一项?
    A Project manager want to ensure sufficient stakeholder participation throughout a project’s in cycle. What should the project manager include in the stakeholder engagement plan?

    •  A:相关方的权力/利益方格 Stakeholder power/interests grid
    •  B:由相关方提出的变更请求 Change Request initiated by Stakeholders
    •  C:期望的当前相关方参与水平 Desired and current stakeholder engagement levels
    •  D:相关方对项目运作的反馈 Feedback from stakeholder on project operations

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:PMBOK(6)P521- 13.2.2.5数据表现。要想确保一个相关方参与,则需要对比他现在的参与水平和期望的参与水平,这个对比的工具就是相关方参与度评估矩阵。 其他选项:A在相关方登记册里,不在参与计划里。BD都不在参与计划里。

    22、 [单选] 在执行阶段,一个已签约的第三方供应商交付了项目的主要组件之一。虽然该供应商按时交付组件,但项目经理发现该组件未能满足批准的标准。 由于项目处于收尾和移交的最终阶段,项目经理应该做什么?
    A contracted third-party vendor delivered one of the main components of the project during the execution phase.Although the vendor delivered on-time,the project manager discovers that the component failed to meet the approved standards. Since the project is in its final phase of closure and handover,what should the project manager do?

    •  A:审查该组件的记录和文件 Review the component's records and documents.
    •  B:在项目管理办公室(PMO)的指导下结束该项目 Close the project with guidance from the project management office(PMO).
    •  C:将组件未能满足标准记录下来,将其传达给供应商,然后结束项目 Note that the component failed of meet standards,communicate it to the vendor,and close the project.
    •  D:通过查阅对供应商工作的正式验收文件来调查该问题 Investigate the issue by referring to the formal acceptance of the vendor's work.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P125- 4.7.1.7 采购文档。采购文档包含用于管理采购过程的完整支持性记录,包括工作说明书、支付信息、承包商工作绩效信息、计划、图纸和其他往来函件。组件的规格、质量要求在工作说明书里,工作说明书等采购文档可以做为对供应商的验收文件,来确认供应商是否达到了规格标准。题干中处于收尾过程中回顾当时的采购问题,可以查询之前的采购文档。 其他选项:A的描述没有D准确。B跟题目无关,不对。C还要找到原因以后才能做为经验教训被记录下来。

    23、 [单选] 你的开发团队正在完成最新的迭代,并且取得了很大进展。一大早,你的客户来电,要求召开紧急会议讨论产品需求。你很惊讶,因为他们对项目的进展非常满意,并且对迄今为止已开发的产品功能感到满意。 你与他们会面,他们问是否可以在此迭代中增加一个特性。是否可以将迭代延长几天以增加产品特性?
    Your development team is working on the latest iteration and is doing great progress. Early in the morning, your customer calls and asks for an urgent meeting to discuss requirements. You are surprised, as they have been quite comfortable with the dynamic of the project and were happy with the development of the product functionalities so far. You meet with them and they ask if they can have an additional feature done in this iteration. Is it acceptable to extend the iteration for a few days in order to finish with the requested feature?

    •  A:看情况。 It depends.
    •  B:不可接受。迭代是有时间限制的。 It is not acceptable. Iteration is time-boxed.
    •  C:可以,可以在极少数情况下延长迭代时间。 Yes, you can extend an iteration in rare situations
    •  D:如果Scrum主管决定可以,就可以。 Acceptable if the Scrum Master took a decision

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:《敏捷实践指南》3.1.4敏捷生命周期的特征,P24.题干中的关键词是“将迭代延长几天”,说明是基于迭代的敏捷实践。在基于迭代的敏捷中,团队以迭代(相等持续时间的时间盒)形式交付完整的功能。团队集中
    于最重要的功能,作为一个团队合作完成其工作。然后,团队再集中于下一项最重要的功能,并合作完成其工作。也就是说迭代是有明确的限制的,团队只集中于完成为该迭代计划的内容。而对于迭代外附加的功能的审查,将会在下一个迭代中进行。

    24、 [单选] 要求在某个特定日期提供某个产品。项目经理测量了项目绩效,并意识到关键路径活动没有实现预期进展,因此,进度计划将被延迟。项目经理应该怎么做?
    A product is required on a specific date. The project manager measures project performance and realizes that the critical path activities are not progressing as expected, As a result, the schedule will be delaye What should the project manager do?

    •  A:执行资源平滑并评估潜在的免费资源是否会提高这些活动的绩效 Performing resource smoothing and evaluate if potential free resources will improve performance on these activities?
    •  B:向职能经理提交变更请求以添加更多资源 Submit a change request to the functional manager to add more resources
    •  C:在项目章程中包含储备,以确保涵盖此风险并创建应急计划 Include reserves in the project charter to ensure that this risk is covered and contingency plans are created
    •  D:要求项目发起人实施应急计划 Ask the project sponsor to implement the contingency plan

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:PMBOK(6)P228-6.6.2.6进度压缩。 项目延期了,要压缩。A不增加成本,因为资源平滑可以节约出一些潜在的免费资源来。 其他选项:B的成本高,先A,A搞不定再B,CD不解决问题。

    25、 [单选] 在评审会议期间,开发人员识别到存在产品性能的风险。项目经理应该做什么?
    During a review meeting,a developer identifies a risk in the product's performance .What should the project manager do?

    •  A:使用专家判断进行独立风险评估 Use expert judgment for an independent risk assessment.
    •  B:分配另一名开发人员解决该问题 Assign another developer to fix the issue.
    •  C:提出变更请求 Initiate a change request.
    •  D:更新项目文件 Update project documents.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P417- 11.2.3.1风险登记册。识别完风险,更新到风险登记册,风险登记册会随着风险管理的流程不断更新。D中的项目文件指得就是风险登记册 其他选项:先D,再A,后面必要的时候进行BC

    26、 [单选] 你正在规划你的敏捷项目。你拥有一支有多年敏捷项目经验的高技能人员组成的团队。 你让他们凭经验来决定将在项目中使用哪些工具。 他们正在讨论如何展示正在进行的工作。 在以下选项中,他们最有可能选择哪个工具?
    You are in the process of planning for your agile project. You have a team of highly skilled persons who have worked on agile projects for many years. You count on their experience to decide what planning the tools they will use for the project. They are debating how they should show what work is in progress. Of the following options, which tool are they most likely to select?

    •  A:任务板 Taskboard
    •  B:用户故事待办事项列表 User story backlog
    •  C:产品路线图 Product roadmap
    •  D:工作分解结构 Work breakdown structure

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:【敏捷实践指南】P105-A3.4。“如何展示正在进行中的工作”表明此题考查展示在制品工具。看板面板利用列进入和退出策略以及限制在制品等制约因素,可提供一目了然的工作流、瓶颈、阻碍和整体状态信息。面板可作为面向所有观众的信息发射源,提供团队工作状态的最新信息。因此显示正在进行的工作即(在制品)的最佳工具是任务板(看板面板)。选项B:用户故事待办事项列表显示了项目上还有哪些工作要做。选项C:产品路线图显示了计划何时完成工作。选项D 工作分解结构主要用于传统(瀑布)项目。

    27、 [单选] 项目经理正在为新项目确定项目章程。此时一名关键项目相关方提出与原先略有不同的新需求。项目经理应该怎么做?
    A project manager is finalizing the project charter for a new project .A key stakeholder then proposes new requirements that vary slightly from the original.What should the project manager do?

    •  A:要求项目发起人增加额外资金以适应新需求,并对其它方案召开头脑风暴 Ask the project sponsor for additional funds to accommodate the new requirements and brainstorm other options.
    •  B:审查项目相关方登记册,重新分类项目相关方,并根据新的需求更新项目章程 Review the stakeholder register to reclassify the stakeholder and update the project charter with the new requirements.
    •  C:审查谅解备忘录(MOU),重新定义项目的初始意图,并将新需求包含进项目章程中 Review the memorandum of understanding(MOU)to redefine the initial intention of the project and include the new requirements in the project charter.
    •  D:与项目相关方和项目发起人开会,讨论新需求的影响,并获得一致意见 Meet with stakeholders and the sponsor to discuss the impact of the new requirements and obtain consensus.

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P80-4.1.2.4 制定项目章程-会议。因为属于制定项目章程的阶段,因此针对相关方的高层次需求,需要与相关方、发起人一起开会讨论,获得一致后然后纳入项目章程。 其他选项:A直接满足需求不对,需求需要讨论。B,也是直接纳入章程了。C,也没有经过讨论。

    28、 [单选] 一家组织中标获得一个大型施工项目项目经理得知该组织之前成功完成了一个类似的项目,希望利用该项目的经验教训。项目经理应该使用哪一种数据分析技术?
    An organization is awarded a large construction project. The project manager learns that it successfully completed a similar project and wants to use the lessons learned from that. What data analysis technique should the project manager use?

    •  A:文件分析 Document analysis.
    •  B:偏差分析 Variance analysis.
    •  C:回归分析 Regression analysis.
    •  D:趋势分析 Trent analysis

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:PMBOK(6)P126-4.7.2.2 文件分析。 评估现有文件有助于总结经验教训和分享知识,以改进未来项目和组织资产。 其他选项:BCD也都是收尾的工具,用于总结经验教训。但是新的项目经理针对之前的项目采用文件分析就好了,因此BCD的分析结果也都会体现在之前项目经理的收尾文件中。

    29、 [单选] 项目经理得知在他们不知情的情况下已经为项目分配了资源,经过调查,项目经理发现这些资源需求是合理的。若要避免这种沟通不畅的情况,项目经理事先应该做什么?
    A project manager learns that there are resources that have been assigned to the project without their awareness.After investigation,the project manager discovers that the resources were legitimately required. What should the project manager have done to avoid this miscommunication?

    •  A:亲自创建资源管理计划 Personally created the resource management plan
    •  B:更新采购和成本管理计划 Updated the procurement and cost management plans
    •  C:明确定义并沟通每个资源的角色与职责 Clearly defined and communicated the roles and responsibilities of each resource
    •  D:修订沟通管理计划 Revised the communications management plan

    正确答案:D 你的答案:A

    解析:PMBOK(6)P377-10.1.3.1沟通管理计划。这道题的本质是在不知情的情况下分配了资源,而不知情就是项目的信息传递不到位。因此从沟通里面进行改善。A与C都是从资源找意义不大,因为题干也明确了,这些资源的需求是合理的,只是不知情。

    30、 [单选] 项目经理应该使用哪一项工具或技术来执行定性风险分析?
    Which tool or technology should the project manager use to perform qualitative risk analysis?

    •  A:概率分布 Probability distribution
    •  B:决策树分析 Decision tree analysis
    •  C:概率和影响矩阵 Probability and impact matrix
    •  D:成本风险模拟 Cost risk simulation

    正确答案:C 你的答案:C

    解析:PMBOK(6)P423- 11.3.2.3 概率与影响矩阵。只有C是定性分析的工具 其他选项:BD是定量风险分析的工具。

    31、 [单选] 在项目的下一阶段,一个建筑师将休三个月的产假,若要确定这是风险、问题还是机会的话,项目经理应该评估下列哪一项?
    During a project's next phase,an architect will take a three-month maternity leave.What should the project manager evaluate to determine if this is a risk,issue,or opportunity?

    •  A:概率和优先级 Probability and priority.
    •  B:概率、后果和时间表 Probabilities,consequences and timetable.
    •  C:优先级、时间表和概率 Priority,timetable,and probability.
    •  D:后果和风险状况 Consequence and profile.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:PMBOK(6)P397- 风险的核心概念。单个项目风险的定义:是一旦发生,会对一个或多个项目目标产生正面或负面影响的不确定事件或条件。因此,可以看出来风险是有概率的(没概率的是问题),正面(机会)与负面(危险)影响(后果)的同时,风险是还未发生的(将来的时间表),问题是已发生的(过去的时间表)。因此,B最合适。

    32、 [单选] 在开发阶段结束时,一名关键开发人员因工作量繁重而想要辞职,但是,该开发人员的专业知识在用户验收测试和调试期间至关重要。 项目经理应该怎么做?
    At the end of the development phase, a key developer wants to resign due to heavy workloads, but the developer's expertise is critical during the user acceptance testing and trial run. What should the project manager do?

    •  A:查看资源日历,以获取资源平衡机会 To view the Resource Calendar for resource balancing opportunities
    •  B:要求人力资源部门替换该开发人员 To require the HR Department to replace the developer
    •  C:将该问题上报给开发人员的直线经理 To report the issue to the developer's line manager
    •  D:将该问题上报给项目管理办公室(PMO) To report the issue to the Project Management Office (PMO)

    正确答案:A 你的答案:A

    解析:PMBOK(6)P227- 6.6.2.4 资源优化。任务分配过于繁重,可以通过资源平衡让资源得以休息。 其他选项:工作繁重,是项目进度计划有问题,先从工作规划入手解决问题,BCD各种找领导不合适。

    33、 [单选] 在项目执行阶段,项目经理注意到初级团队成员和高级团队成员之间存在冲突。若要改善这种情况,项目经理应该怎么做?
    In the project execution phase, the project manager notices a conflict between the junior team members and the senior team members. What should the project manager do to improve this situation?

    •  A:更新沟通管理计划 To update the communication management plan
    •  B:将该问题记录在风险登记册中 To record the problem in the Risk Register
    •  C:与初级团队成员开会,讨论该问题 To hold a meeting with junior team members to discuss the problem
    •  D:组织一次团队建设活动 To organize a team building activity

    正确答案:D 你的答案:D

    解析:PMBOK(6)P341- 9.4.2.4团队建设。团队成员的关系问题,团队建设最有效,因此选D 其他选项:A不是项目信息问题。B与资源无关。C只与初级团队开会意义不大。

    34、 [单选] 项目即将完成一个重要阶段,项目经理正在获得资源开始下一个阶段,在准备阶段收尾时,项目经理评审了绩效测量指标,发现不明原因的变化。项目经理应该怎么做?
    The project is about to complete an important phase,the project manager is obtaining resources to kick off the next phase,at the closing of the preparation phase,the project manager reviews the performance measurement indicators and finds unexplained changes. What should the project manager do?

    •  A:检查之前项目的知识库 To check the knowledge base of the previous project
    •  B:在经验教训会上进行因果分析 To perform cause-effect analysis at lessons learned
    •  C:在团队会议上评审测量指标 To review measurement metrics at the team meeting
    •  D:将工作分解结构(WBS)与实际可交付成果对比 To compare the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and actual deliverables

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P126,4.7.2.2-数据分析,对于发现的问题要进行分析。选项A,组织过程资产提供借鉴。选项C,当前问题的焦点是绩效测量指标出现了不明原因的变化,不是绩效测量指标不合理,所以评审不解决问题。选项D,可能出现B选项的分享过程当中。

    35、 [单选] 在一个项目即将完成时,一位相关方被替换,项目团队正在忙着完成剩余几项需求的开发,项目经理与新相关方的第一次会议安排在下周,但该相关方已经发送了几封电子邮件,要求变更已经实施的要求,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
    As a project nears completion, a stakeholder is replaced, the project team is busy completing development of the few remaining requirements, the project manager’s first meeting with the new stakeholders is next week, but the stakeholder has already sent several emails, asking for change to requirements that have already been implemented, what should the project manager do next?

    •  A:通知该新相关方,在项目后期变更需求将导致成本和进度超支 Inform the new stakeholder that changes to requirements this later in the project will result in cost and schedule overruns
    •  B:与团队讨论所请求的变更,并确定将其纳入最终可交付成果的影响 Discuss the requested changes with the team and determine the impact of incorporating them into the final deliverables
    •  C:要求管理层一起参加与该新相关方的会议,以讨论该问题 Ask management to attend the meetings with the new stakeholder to discuss the issue
    •  D:通知该新相关方无法实施所请求的变更,因为它们未包含在已批准的范围内 Inform the new stakeholder that the requested changes cannot be implemented as they are not included in the approved scope

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:解析:PMBOK(6)4.6 实施整体变更控制。相关方发出邮件“要求变更”,相关方提出变更后,项目经理和团队和分析变更造成的影响。 其他选项:ACD都不是正确的变更流程方式,是典型的错误。

    36、 [单选] 客户要求项目经理在60天内交付项目,而之前原本计划在90天内交付,没有可以并行执行的活动,请求的变更已经获得变更控制委员会(CCB)的批准。若要满足这项要求,项目经理应该做什么?
    A customer asked the project manager to deliver a project in 60 days that was previously scheduled for delivery in 90 days.No activities can be performed in parallel.The requested change is approved by the change control board(CCB).What should the project manager do to fulfill this request?

    •  A:为项目进度计划创建应急储备 Create a contingency reserve for the project schedule.
    •  B:对项目进度计划赶工 Crash the project schedule.
    •  C:在项目进度计划中创建项目阶段 Create phases in the project schedule.
    •  D:快速跟进项目进度计划 Fast track the project schedule.

    正确答案:B 你的答案:B

    解析:PMBOK(6)P228- 6.6.2.6 进度压缩。任务不能并行,要压缩进度,不能快速跟进,只能赶工。

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  • 原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/cfm_gavin/article/details/126375911