- 如何显示每个部门的平均工资和最高工资
- 显示每个部门的每种岗位的平均工资和最低工资
- 显示平均工资低于2000的部门号和它的平均工资//别名
CREATE TABLE dept( /*部门表*/
deptno MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
dname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT "",
loc VARCHAR(13) NOT NULL DEFAULT ""
);
INSERT INTO dept VALUES(10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK'),
(20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS'),
(30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO'),
(40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON');
SELECT * FROM dept;
-- 员工表
CREATE TABLE emp1
(empno MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, /*编号*/
ename VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL DEFAULT "", /*名字*/
job VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL DEFAULT "",/*工作*/
mgr MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED ,/*上级编号*/
hiredate DATE NOT NULL,/*入职时间*/
sal DECIMAL(7,2) NOT NULL,/*薪水*/
comm DECIMAL(7,2) ,/*红利 奖金*/
deptno MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 /*部门编号*/
);
-- 添加测试数据
INSERT INTO emp1 VALUES(7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902, '1990-12-17', 800.00,NULL , 20),
(7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1991-2-20', 1600.00, 300.00, 30),
(7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1991-2-22', 1250.00, 500.00, 30),
(7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1991-4-2', 2975.00,NULL,20),
(7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1991-9-28',1250.00,1400.00,30),
(7698, 'BLAKE','MANAGER', 7839,'1991-5-1', 2850.00,NULL,30),
(7782, 'CLARK','MANAGER', 7839, '1991-6-9',2450.00,NULL,10),
(7788, 'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566, '1997-4-19',3000.00,NULL,20),
(7839, 'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,'1991-11-17',5000.00,NULL,10),
(7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN',7698, '1991-9-8', 1500.00, NULL,30),
(7900, 'JAMES','CLERK',7698, '1991-12-3',950.00,NULL,30),
(7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST',7566,'1991-12-3',3000.00, NULL,20),
(7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,'1992-1-23', 1300.00, NULL,10);
SELECT * FROM emp1;
-- 工资级别
#工资级别表
CREATE TABLE salgrade
(
grade MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, /*工资级别*/
losal DECIMAL(17,2) NOT NULL, /* 该级别的最低工资 */
hisal DECIMAL(17,2) NOT NULL /* 该级别的最高工资*/
);
INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES (1,700,1200);
INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES (2,1201,1400);
INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES (3,1401,2000);
INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES (4,2001,3000);
INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES (5,3001,9999);
SELECT * FROM salgrade;
使用group by 子句对列进行分组[先创建测试表]
SELECT columnl, column2. column3…
FROM table
group by column
group by用于对查询的结果分组统计,
# 演示group by + having
GROUP by用于对查询的结果分组统计, (示意图)
-- having子句用于限制分组显示结果.
-- ?如何显示每个部门的平均工资和最高工资
-- 分析: avg(sal) max(sal)
-- 按照部门来分组查询
SELECT AVG(sal), MAX(sal) , deptno
FROM emp1 GROUP BY deptno;
-- 使用数学方法,对小数点进行处理
SELECT FORMAT(AVG(sal),2), MAX(sal) , deptno
FROM emp1 GROUP BY deptno;
-- ?显示每个部门的每种岗位的平均工资和最低工资
-- 老师分析 1. 显示每个部门的平均工资和最低工资
-- 2. 显示每个部门的每种岗位的平均工资和最低工资
SELECT FORMAT(AVG(sal),2), MIN(sal) , deptno, job
FROM emp1 GROUP BY deptno, job;
使用having 子句对分组后的结果进行过滤
SELECT ’ column1, column2. column3…
FROM table
group by column having …
having子句用于限制分组显示结果。
-- ?显示平均工资低于2000的部门号和它的平均工资 // 别名
-- 分析 [写sql语句的思路是化繁为简,各个击破]
-- 1. 显示各个部门的平均工资和部门号
-- 2. 在1的结果基础上,进行过滤,保留 AVG(sal) < 2000
-- 3. 使用别名进行过滤
SELECT AVG(sal), deptno
FROM emp1 GROUP BY deptno
HAVING AVG(sal) < 2000;
-- 使用别名
SELECT AVG(sal) AS avg_sal, deptno
FROM emp1 GROUP BY deptno
HAVING avg_sal < 2000;