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Tomcat
Tomcat和Jenkins
1. tomcat简介
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tomcat是一个中间件，中间件：两者之间
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Tomcat是个容器，是一个容纳Java程序的器皿
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Tomcat是Apache 软件基金会的Jakarta 项目中的一个核心项目，由Apache、Sun 和其他一些公司及个人共同开发而成。
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Tomcat 技术先进、性能稳定，而且免费
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Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP 程序（Java程序开发的网站）的首选。
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还是一个Servlet和JSP容器，独立的Servlet容器是Tomcat的默认模式
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Tomcat处理静态HTML的能力不如Apache服务器
1.1 tomcat
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tomcat是中间件之一，tomcat本身是一个容器，专门用来运行java程序，java语言开发的网页.jsp就应该运行于tomcat中。
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tomcat本身的运行也依赖于jdk环境
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jdk：是Java运行环境加上一些开发工具包
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tomcat应用场景：
lnmt
2. tomcat项目部署
2.1 java环境安装
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oraclejdk网址
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openjdk
[root@node6 ~]# dnf -y install java-17-openjdk* [root@node6 ~]# java -version openjdk version "17.0.1" 2021-10-19 LTS OpenJDK Runtime Environment 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS, mixed mode, sharing) [root@node6 ~]#- 1
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2.2 tomcat部署
[root@node6 ~]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.65/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz- 1
2.3 部署
[root@node6 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz [root@node6 ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@node6 ~]# cd /usr/local/ [root@node6 local]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.65 tomcat [root@node6 local]# ls bin games lib libexec share tomcat etc include lib64 sbin src [root@node6 local]# cd tomcat/ [root@node6 tomcat]# ls BUILDING.txt NOTICE RUNNING.txt lib webapps CONTRIBUTING.md README.md bin logs work LICENSE RELEASE-NOTES conf temp 生成网页文件 [root@node6 tomcat]# cd webapps/ [root@node6 webapps]# ls ROOT docs examples host-manager manager [root@node6 webapps]# mkdir test [root@node6 webapps]# cd test [root@node6 test]# [root@node6 test]# vim index.jsp [root@node6 test]# cat index.jsp <html> <head> <title>mushuang</title> </head> <body> <% out.println("Hellow World"); %> </body> </html> [root@node6 test]#- 1
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2.3.1 启动
[root@node6 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh [root@node6 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh [root@node6 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh [root@node6 ~]# catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started. [root@node6 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:PortProcess LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node6 ~]# [root@node6 ~]# ps -ef|grep tomcat root 293512 1 7 16:09 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start root 296379 1664 0 16:10 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat [root@node6 ~]#- 1
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2.3.2 访问
关闭防火墙 [root@node6 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@node6 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config [root@node6 ~]# setenforce 0- 1
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3. 配置文件
1. 介绍tomcat文件
[root@node6 bin]# pwd /usr/local/tomcat/bin [root@node6 bin]# ls bootstrap.jar makebase.sh catalina-tasks.xml setclasspath.bat catalina.bat setclasspath.sh catalina.sh //总控开关 shutdown.bat ciphers.bat shutdown.sh //停止服务 ciphers.sh startup.bat commons-daemon-native.tar.gz startup.sh //启动服务 commons-daemon.jar //守护进程 tomcat-juli.jar configtest.bat tomcat-native.tar.gz configtest.sh //配置文件检查 tool-wrapper.bat daemon.sh //以守护进程方式运行 tool-wrapper.sh digest.bat version.bat digest.sh version.sh 查看版本 makebase.bat [root@node6 bin]# tomcat不用做环境变量，有可能部署多个tomcat 查看日志 [root@node6 tomcat]# ls BUILDING.txt NOTICE RUNNING.txt lib webapps CONTRIBUTING.md README.md bin logs work LICENSE RELEASE-NOTES conf temp [root@node6 tomcat]# cd logs/ [root@node6 logs]# ls catalina.2022-08-17.log catalina.out //查看日志位置 host-manager.2022-08-17.log localhost.2022-08-17.log localhost_access_log.2022-08-17.txt manager.2022-08-17.log [root@node6 logs]# 安全删除文件temp/ [root@node6 tomcat]# ls temp/ safeToDelete.tmp [root@node6 tomcat]# 工作目录 [root@node6 tomcat]# ls work/ Catalina [root@node6 tomcat]# ls work/Catalina/localhost/ ROOT docs examples host-manager manager test [root@node6 tomcat]# 日志记录参数 [root@node6 conf]# ls logging.properties 默认代码，示例 网站位置： http://192.168.232.134:8080/examples/jsp/- 1
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2. 修改配置文件
[root@node6 tomcat]# cd conf/ [root@node6 conf]# ls Catalina jaspic-providers.xml tomcat-users.xml catalina.policy jaspic-providers.xsd tomcat-users.xsd catalina.properties logging.properties web.xml context.xml server.xml [root@node6 conf]# vim server.xml <Connector protocol="AJP/1.3" address="::1" port="8009" redirectPort="8443" /> 使配置文件生效 [root@node6 ~]# catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED [root@node6 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node6 ~]# ps -ef|grep tomcat root 418331 1664 0 16:39 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat [root@node6 ~]# [root@node6 ~]# catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started. [root@node6 ~]# ps -ef|grep tomcat root 422471 1 96 16:40 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start root 422723 1664 0 16:40 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat [root@node6 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:PortProcess LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node6 ~]#- 1
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3. 介绍网站页面
- 查看服务器状态
- 出现403拒绝访问
- 解决
加两行 [root@node6 webapps]# cd ../conf/ [root@node6 conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml 访问role rolename="manager-gui"/> <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui"/> 关闭在启动 [root@node6 ~]# catalina.sh stop [root@node6 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node6 ~]# ps -ef|grep tomcat root 543569 1664 0 17:10 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat [root@node6 ~]# [root@node6 ~]# catalina.sh start [root@node6 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:PortProcess LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node6 ~]# ps -ef|grep tomcat root 544653 1 8 17:10 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start root 546788 1664 0 17:10 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat [root@node6 ~]#- 1
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- 没有访问成功，修改限制，改成可以在网页访问
[root@node6 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ [root@node6 webapps]# ls ROOT docs examples host-manager manager test [root@node6 webapps]# cd manager/ [root@node6 manager]# ls META-INF WEB-INF css images index.jsp status.xsd xform.xsl [root@node6 manager]# ls META-INF/ context.xml [root@node6 manager]# vim META-INF/context.xml [root@node6 manager]# tail META-INF/context.xml See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" > <CookieProcessor className="org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Rfc6265CookieProcessor" sameSiteCookies="strict" /> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve" allow="192\.168\.232\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" /> <Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter="java\.lang\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\.apache\.catalina\.filters\.CsrfPreventionFilter\$LruCache(?:\$1)?|java\.util\.(?:Linked)?HashMap"/> </Context> [root@node6 manager]#- 1
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- 访问
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heap memory 堆内存 non -heap memory 非堆内存
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应用程序列表跟/usr/local/tomcat/webapps相对应
- 管理主机 host manager
- 修改
[root@node6 tomcat]# cd conf/ [root@node6 conf]# ls Catalina jaspic-providers.xml tomcat-users.xml catalina.policy jaspic-providers.xsd tomcat-users.xsd catalina.properties logging.properties web.xml context.xml server.xml [root@node6 conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml <role rolename="manager-gui"/> <role rolename="admin-gui"/> <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"/> 重启 [root@node6 ~]# catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED [root@node6 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node6 ~]# ps -ef|grep tomcat root 665375 1664 0 17:39 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat [root@node6 ~]# [root@node6 ~]# catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started. [root@node6 ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@node6 ~]# [root@node6 tomcat]# cd webapps/host-manager/ [root@node6 host-manager]# ls META-INF WEB-INF css images index.jsp [root@node6 host-manager]# vim META-INF/context.xml [root@node6 host-manager]# tail META-INF/context.xml See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" > <CookieProcessor className="org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Rfc6265CookieProcessor" sameSiteCookies="strict" /> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve" allow="192\.168\.232\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" /> <Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter="java\.lang\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\.apache\.catalina\.filters\.CsrfPreventionFilter\$LruCache(?:\$1)?|java\.util\.(?:Linked)?HashMap"/> </Context> [root@node6 host-manager]#- 1
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- 访问
4. jenkins
1. 介绍jenkins
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jenkins 持续集成工具
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jenkins是一个用 Java 编写的开源自动化软件项目。
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是基于Java开发的一种持续集成工具,用于监控持续重复的工作。
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Jenkins 用于持续构建和测试软件项目 ,集成了各种开发生命周期过程,包括构建、文档、测试、打包、模拟、部署、静态分析等等。”
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是一个打包，流程控制软件
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java代码：使用开发工具（eclipse）打包
2. jenkins网址
软件位置： https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/war-stable/2.346.3/jenkins.war [root@node6 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz jenkins.war [root@node6 ~]#- 1
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3. 部署jenkins
[root@node6 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ [root@node6 webapps]# ls ROOT docs examples host-manager manager test [root@node6 webapps]# mv * /opt/ [root@node6 webapps]# [root@node6 ~]# cp jenkins.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ [root@node6 webapps]# ls jenkins.war 重启之后 [root@node6 webapps]# ls jenkins.war [root@node6 webapps]# ls jenkins jenkins.war [root@node6 webapps]#- 1
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- 查看
- 登录
[root@node6 ~]# cat /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword 309ece77ccfe4dee9c891e0a43189a0f- 1
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- 安装插件
- 填写资料
- 访问成功
- 查看用户列表
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构建历史：发布版本等的记录
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系统管理
- 工作目录
[root@node6 ~]# cd .jenkins/ [root@node6 .jenkins]# ls config.xml hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml hudson.plugins.emailext.ExtendedEmailPublisher.xml hudson.plugins.git.GitTool.xml identity.key.enc jenkins.install.InstallUtil.lastExecVersion jenkins.install.UpgradeWizard.state jenkins.model.JenkinsLocationConfiguration.xml jenkins.telemetry.Correlator.xml jobs nodeMonitors.xml nodes plugins queue.xml.bak secret.key secret.key.not-so-secret secrets updates userContent users [root@node6 .jenkins]#- 1
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- 绑定任务
- 邮箱
5. 拉取代码
[root@node6 ~]# dnf -y install git [root@node6 ~]# git clone https://github.com/chendao2015/tomcat-java-demo.git Cloning into 'tomcat-java-demo'... remote: Enumerating objects: 549, done. remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done. remote: Total 549 (delta 0), reused 2 (delta 0), pack-reused 546 Receiving objects: 100% (549/549), 5.08 MiB | 1018.00 KiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (213/213), done. [root@node6 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg jenkins.war apache-tomcat-9.0.65.tar.gz tomcat-java-demo [root@node6 ~]# cd tomcat-java-demo/ [root@node6 tomcat-java-demo]# ls Dockerfile LICENSE README.md db pom.xml src [root@node6 tomcat-java-demo]#- 1
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6. 程序打包工具
1. maven
- 例名字叫pom.xml
- maven是一个java编写的工具(需要安装配置),用来服务项目开发中常用的编译打包等功能。为了实现其功能,maven定义了项目的目录格式(最重要的配置文件pom.xml),定义了一些概念,坐标,依赖,仓库,生命周期(可以使用mvn命令指定执行哪些周期),插件
2. ant
- ant 是一个由java编写的脚本工具,常用来进行打包web项目,安卓项目等。适合自动化远程部署。
3. gradle
- gradle是一个自动化构建工具。 gradle是通过组织一系列task来最终完成自动化构建的,所以task是gradle里最重要的概念。以生成一个可用的apk为例,整个过程要经过资源的处理,javac编译,dex打包
- gradle使用groovy或者kotlin编写。 groovy是DSL。DSL也就是Domain Specific Language的简称,也就是领域特定语言,是为了解决某一类任务专门设计的计算机语言
- 无论是基于groovy还是kotlin编写,均是基于jvm的语言。
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/mushuangpanny/article/details/126355634
