ES6 从入门到精通系列(全23讲)学习笔记。
作用:使得异步操作更加方便
async 它会返回一个 promise 对象,它是 generator 的语法糖
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
async function f() {
}
console.log(f())
</script>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
async function f() {
return await "hello kaimo";
}
f().then(res => {
console.log(res);
}).catch(err => {
console.log(err);
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
如果 async 函数中有多个 await 那么then 函数会等待所有的 await 指令运行完才去执行
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Documenttitle>
head>
<body>
<script>
async function f() {
let k = await "hello kaimo";
let data = await k.split("");
return data;
}
f().then(res => {
console.log(res);
}).catch(err => {
console.log(err);
})
script>
body>
html>
错误的情况:
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Documenttitle>
head>
<body>
<script>
async function f() {
let k = await "hello kaimo";
let data = await k.split("");
return data;
}
f().then(res => {
console.log(res);
}).catch(err => {
console.log(err);
})
async function f2() {
throw new Error("报错了");
}
f2().then(res => {
console.log(res);
}).catch(err => {
console.log(err);
})
script>
body>
html>
如果 await 有多个,里面有错误跟成功的,有错误就会停止。
async function f2() {
// throw new Error("报错了");
await Promise.reject("报错了");
await Promise.resolve("hello kaimo2");
}
上面这种可以采用 try catch 处理
async function f2() {
// throw new Error("报错了");
try {
await Promise.reject("报错了");
} catch (error) {
}
return await Promise.resolve("hello kaimo2");
}
获取广州天气的 datalist 数据
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<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Documenttitle>
head>
<body>
<script>
const getData = function(url) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("GET", url);
xhr.onreadystatechange = handler;
xhr.responseType = "json";
xhr.setRequestHeader("Accept", "application/json");
xhr.send();
function handler() {
console.log(this);
if(this.readyState === 4) {
if(this.status === 200) {
resolve(this.response);
}else{
reject(new Error(this.statusText));
}
}
}
})
}
async function getDataList(url) {
let res = await getData(url);
console.log(res);
// 获取 datalist 数据
return await res.data;
}
getDataList("https://v0.yiketianqi.com/api?unescape=1&version=v91&appid=43656176&appsecret=I42og6Lm&ext=&cityid=&city=广州")
.then(res => {
console.log(res)
}, err => {
console.log(err)
})
script>
body>
html>