前言：

图书管理是许多高校的期末经典项目，在学完了类，对象，抽象类，接口，继承，封装和多态及组合等知识后，要及时的练手，以此来巩固这部分的内容，Java中基本都是在和对象这些的打交道，所以利用这些知识来写一个图书管理系统。

JavaSE期末经典项目—＞＞图书管理系统

项目简介：

该项目为图书管理系统，实现用户的区分，包括管理员和普通用户，管理员的行为包括：添加图书，删除图书，查找图书，显示图书和退出程序等，普通用户的用法包括：查找图书，借阅图书，归还图书和退出程序。

思路简介：

利用类，对象，抽象类，接口，继承，封装和多态及组合等知识，将对象提取出来，对象----用户和书，用户可以分为管理员和普通用户，所以设置一个抽象类User,管理员和普通用户继承该抽象类，由于书还要包括书架，所以书和书架分两个类，为了实现对应的操作，并且是操作的方法一致，所以要构造一个操作的接口，其他的操作用类来实现该接口，就完成了对应的操作。具体实现方式见详细代码！

详细代码： 

book包：

Book类：

package book;
 
public class Book {
    private String name;//书名
    private  String author;//作者
    private  int price;//价格
    private String type;//类型
    private boolean isBorrowed;//是否被借出
 
    public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
 
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
 
    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
 
    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
 
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
 
    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
 
    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }
 
    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ((isBorrowed==true)?"该书已借出":"该书未借出")+
                '}';
    }
}

BookList类：

package book;
 
public class BookList {
 
    public Book[] books=new Book[10];
    public int usedSize;//书架上书的数量
 
    /**
     *
     * 事先通过构造方法放入3本书
     */
    public BookList(){
        books[0]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",89,"小说");
        books[1]=new Book("西游记","吴承恩",79,"小说");
        books[2]=new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",83,"小说");
 
        this.usedSize=3;
    }
 
    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }
 
    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }
 
    //下标
    public Book getPos(int pos){
 
        return books[pos];
    }
 
    /**
     *
     * 存储一本书到指定位置
     * @param book
     * @param pos  在这里指的是当前最后可以存储书的位置
     */
    public void setBooks(Book book,int pos){
        books[pos]=book;
    }
}

operations包：

IOperation接口：

package operations;
 
//接口
import book.BookList;
 
public interface IOperation {
 
 
    void work(BookList bookList);
}

AddOperation类：

package operations;
 
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class AddOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
 
        System.out.println("添加图书！");
 
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加的图书的名字：");
 
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
 
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
 
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加的图书的作者：");
 
        String author=scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加的图书的价格：");
 
        int price=scanner.nextInt();
 
        scanner.nextLine();//读取回车
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加的图书的类型：");
 
        String type=scanner.nextLine();
        Book book=new Book(name,author,price,type);
        //获取当前可以存放书的位置
 
        int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
        //书放到指定位置
        bookList.setBooks(book,currentSize);
        //书的数量加1
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
        System.out.println("添加成功！");
 
    }
 
 
 
}

BorrowedOperation类：

package operations;
 
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class BorrowedOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("借阅图书!");
        System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书的名字：");
        
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        
        int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getPos(i);
            if(name.equals(book.getName())){
               book.setBorrowed(true);
                System.out.println("借阅成功！");
                return;
 
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有你要借阅的书！");
    }
}

DelOperation类：

package operations;
 
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class DelOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("删除图书!");
        System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书的名字：");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        //遍历数组，看是否有你要删除的图书的下标
        int index=-1;
        int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getPos(i);
            if(name.equals(book.getName())){
                index=i;
                break;
 
            }
        }
        if(index==-1){
            System.out.println("没有你要删除的这本书！");
            return;
        }
        for (int i = index; i 1 ; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getPos(i+1);
            bookList.setBooks(book,i);
        }
 
        bookList.setBooks(null,currentSize-1);
 
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
 
        System.out.println("删除成功！");
    }
}

 DisplayOperation类：

package operations;
 
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
 
public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation {
 
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("显示所有图书！");
        int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getPos(i);
            System.out.println(book);
        }
 
    }
}

ExitOperation类：

package operations;
 
import book.BookList;
 
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
 
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出程序!");
        System.exit(0);//退出
    }
}

ReturnOperation类：

package operations;
 
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书!");
 
        System.out.println("请输入你要归还的图书的名字：");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getPos(i);
            if(name.equals(book.getName())){
                book.setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("归还图书成功！");
                return;
 
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有你要归还的书！");
    }
}

SearchOperation类：

package operations;
 
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class SearchOperation implements IOperation{
 
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查找图书！");
        System.out.println("请输入你要查找的图书的名字：");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getPos(i);
            if(name.equals(book.getName())){
                System.out.println("找到啦这本书！");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有这本书！");
    }
}

user包： 

User类：

package user;
 
import book.BookList;
import operations.IOperation;
 
//抽象类
public abstract class User {
 
    protected String name;
 
    protected IOperation[] iOperations;//接口数组
 
    public User(String name){
        this.name=name;
 
    }
 
    public abstract int menu();
 
    public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){
        iOperations[choice].work(bookList);
    }
 
}

AdminUser类：

package user;
 
import operations.*;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class AdminUser extends User {
 
    public AdminUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        //接口数组
        this.iOperations=new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new SearchOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new DisplayOperation()
        };
    }
    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("*********************************");
        System.out.println( "hello !   "+name+"欢迎登入图书管理系统!");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书");
        System.out.println("4.显示图书");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("*********************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
 
    }
}

NormalUser类：

package user;
 
import operations.*;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class NormalUser extends User {
 
    public NormalUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.iOperations=new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new SearchOperation(),
                new BorrowedOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation(),
 
        };
    }
    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("*********************************");
        System.out.println( "hello !   "+name+"欢迎登入图书管理系统!");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("*********************************");
 
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

Main--管理器：

import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class Main {
    public static User login(){
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名：");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String userName=scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份：1-》管理员，0-》普通用户");
        int choice= scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice==1){
            return new AdminUser(userName);//向上转型
        }else{
            return new NormalUser(userName);//向上转型
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        //1、准备数据
        BookList bookList=new BookList();
        //2、登录，
       User user= login();
       while(true){
           int choice=  user.menu();//多态，动态绑定
           user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
       }
 
 
    }
}

效果演示：

管理员：

普通用户：

码云上传地址：图书管理系统 

谢谢观看！！！