pyqt5 学习笔记五（QGridLayout）网格布局

pyqt5 学习笔记五 (布局:QGridLayout)

写在前面：
①本教程使用pycharm编译器进行pyqt5的学习，安装教程请大家自行百度
②本系列博客根据B站王铭东博主教程学习学习代码笔记5
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1i3y4mI_9N84iAC6tav-j8Q
提取码：gupx
资料：
【1】B站教程
【2】B站教程配套课件
【3】PyQt官网的所有模块（有部分内容没有补充进去）
【4】C++具体实现的API文档

布局器

共有四种：
QBoxLayout：垂直水平布局器
QGridLayout：网格布局器
QFormLayout：表单布局器
QStackedLayout：抽屉布局器

（一）字典

参考链接：
【1】python字典：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40581859/article/details/126235852
【2】enumerate() 函数：https://www.runoob.com/python/python-func-enumerate.html

1、字典的遍历 items()

data = {
   0: ["7", "8", "9", "+", "("],
   1: ["4", "5", "6", "-", ")"],
   2: ["1", "2", "3", "*", "<-"],
   3: ["0", ".", "=", "/", "C"]
}
for temp in data.items():
   print(temp)
for temp1, temp2 in data.items():
   print("temp1:", temp1)
   print("temp2:", temp2)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

temp输出：

(0, ['7', '8', '9', '+', '('])
(1, ['4', '5', '6', '-', ')'])
(2, ['1', '2', '3', '*', '<-'])
(3, ['0', '.', '=', '/', 'C'])
1
2
3
4

temp1与temp2输出：

temp1: 0
temp2: ['7', '8', '9', '+', '(']
temp1: 1
temp2: ['4', '5', '6', '-', ')']
temp1: 2
temp2: ['1', '2', '3', '*', '<-']
temp1: 3
temp2: ['0', '.', '=', '/', 'C']
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

2、enumerate ()

enumerate() 函数用于将一个可遍历的数据对象(如列表、元组或字符串)组合为一个索引序列，同时列出数据和数据下标

data = {
   0: ["7", "8", "9", "+", "("],
   1: ["4", "5", "6", "-", ")"],
   2: ["1", "2", "3", "*", "<-"],
   3: ["0", ".", "=", "/", "C"]
}
for temp1, temp2 in data.items():
   for col_num, num in enumerate(temp2):
       print("temp1:", col_num)
       print("temp2:", num)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

输出的部分值：分别得到每行的索引（从0开始）以及对应的数据
在这里插入图片描述

（二）QGridLayout

1、QGridLayout用法

layout = QGridLayout () : 创建网格布局器
layout.addWidget(btn, line_num,col_num) : 将控件放到相应位置

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication, QGridLayout, QPushButton
class MyWindow(QWidget):
   def __init__(self):
       super().__init__()
       self.initui()
   def initui(self):
       layout = QGridLayout()
       data = {
           0: ["7", "8", "9", "+", "("],
           1: ["4", "5", "6", "-", ")"],
           2: ["1", "2", "3", "*", "<-"],
           3: ["0", ".", "=", "/", "C"]
       }
       for line_num, temp_data in data.items():
           for col_num, tp in enumerate(temp_data):
               print(tp)
               btn = QPushButton(tp)
               # 将按钮添加到第几行第几个
               layout.addWidget(btn, line_num,col_num)
       self.setLayout(layout)
# 在窗口中添加格子按钮，使得与输入的data位置对应
if __name__ == '__main__':
   app = QApplication(sys.argv)
   w = MyWindow()
   w.show()
   app.exec()
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

在这里插入图片描述

2、QGridLayout 跨行、跨列

layout.addWidget(btn,3,3,1,2)：跨行的控件，起始行，起始列，跨越的行数，跨越列数
layout.addWidget(QWidget widget,int fromRow,int fromColulmn,int rowSpan,int columnSpan,Qt.Alignment alignment=0)l

        layout = QGridLayout()       
        data = {
            0: ["7", "8", "9", "+", "("],
            1: ["4", "5", "6", "-", ")"],
            2: ["1", "2", "3", "*", "<-"],
            3: ["0", ".", "=", "C"]
        }
        for line_num, temp_data in data.items():
            for col_num, tp in enumerate(temp_data):
                print(tp)
                btn = QPushButton(tp)
                # 将按钮添加到第几行第几个
                if line_num == 3 and col_num >= 3:
                    btn = QPushButton(tp)
                    layout.addWidget(btn, line_num, col_num, 1, 2)
                else:
                    layout.addWidget(btn, line_num,col_num)
        self.setLayout(layout)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18