• curl命令的那些事


    目录

    一:curl概述

    二:curl常用命令

    三:curl接口测试

    四:curl help

    五:实战

    5.1下载内容到指定路径

    5.2断点续传

    5.3下载限速

    5.4下载指定时间内修改过的文件

    5.5CURL授权

    5.6从FTP服务器下载文件

    5.7上传文件到FTP服务器

    5.8通过字典查询单词

    5.9设置代理

    5.10保存与使用网站cookie信息

    5.11获取HTTP头信息

    5.12发送GET/POST请求

    5.13设置HTTP头部字段

    一:curl概述

    curl 支持你做很多事情。你可以把 curl 想象成一个精简的命令行网页浏览器。它支持几乎你能想到的所有协议,可以交互访问几乎所有在线内容。唯一和浏览器不同的是,curl 不会渲染接收到的相应信息。


    二:curl常用命令

    curl 是一个利用URL语法在命令行下工作的文件传输工具。它支持文件上传和下载,所以是综合传输工具,但按传统,习惯称 curl 为下载工具。其语法格式及常见参数含义如下,

    1. # 语法
    2. curl [option] [url]
    3. # 最简单的使用,获取服务器内容,默认将输出打印到标准输出中(STDOUT)中。
    4. curl http://www.centos.org
    5. # 添加-v参数可以看到详细解析过程,通常用于debug
    6. curl -v http://www.centos.org
    7. # curl发送Get请求
    8. curl URL
    9. curl URL -O 文件绝对路径
    10. # curl发送post请求
    11. # 请求主体用json格式
    12. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/json' -d @json文件绝对路径 URL
    13. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/json' -d 'json内容' URL
    14. # 请求主体用xml格式
    15. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/xml' -d @xml文件绝对路径 URL
    16. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/xml' -d 'xml内容' URL
    17. # 设置cookies
    18. curl URL --cookie "cookie内容"
    19. curl URL --cookie-jar cookie文件绝对路径
    20. # 设置代理字符串
    21. curl URL --user-agent "代理内容"
    22. curl URL -A "代理内容"
    23. # curl限制带宽
    24. curl URL --limit-rate 速度
    25. # curl认证
    26. curl -u user:pwd URL
    27. curl -u user URL
    28. # 只打印http头部信息
    29. curl -I URL
    30. curl -head URL
    31. # 末尾参数
    32. --progress 显示进度条
    33. --silent 不现实进度条
    34. # 不需要修改/etc/hosts,curl直接解析ip请求域名
    35. # 将 http://example.com 或 https://example.com 请求指定域名解析的IP为127.0.0.1
    36. curl --resolve example.com:80:127.0.0.1 http://example.com/
    37. curl --resolve example.com:443:127.0.0.1 https://example.com/

    三:curl接口测试

    curl 可以很方便地完成对 REST API 的调用场景,比如:设置 Header,指定 HTTP 请求方法,指定 HTTP 消息体,指定权限认证信息等。通过 -v 选项也能输出 REST 请求的所有返回信息。curl 功能很强大,有很多参数,这里列出 REST 测试常用的参数:

    1. -X/--request [GET|POST|PUT|DELETE|…] 指定请求的 HTTP 方法
    2. -H/--header 指定请求的 HTTP Header
    3. -d/--data 指定请求的 HTTP 消息体(Body
    4. -v/--verbose 输出详细的返回信息
    5. -u/--user 指定账号、密码
    6. -b/--cookie 读取 cookie
    1. # 典型的测试命令为:
    2. curl -v -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://127.0.0.1:8080/user -d'{"username":"admin","password":"admin1234"}'...
    3. # 测试get请求
    4. curl http://www.linuxidc.com/login.cgi?user=test001&password=123456
    5. # 测试post请求
    6. curl -d "user=nickwolfe&password=12345" http://www.linuxidc.com/login.cgi
    7. # 请求主体用json格式
    8. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/json' -d @json文件绝对路径 URL
    9. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/json' -d 'json内容' URL
    10. # 请求主体用xml格式
    11. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/xml' -d @xml文件绝对路径 URL
    12. curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/xml' -d 'xml内容' URL
    13. # 发送post请求时需要使用-X选项,除了使用POST外,还可以使用http规范定义的其它请求谓词,如PUT,DELETE等
    14. curl -XPOST url
    15. #发送post请求时,通常需要指定请求体数据。可以使用-d或--data来指定发送的请求体。
    16. curl -XPOST -d "name=leo&age=12" url
    17. # 如果需要对请求数据进行urlencode,可以使用下面的方式:
    18. curl -XPOST --data-urlencode "name=leo&age=12" url
    19. # 此外发送post请求还可以有如下几种子选项:
    20. data-raw
    21. data-ascii
    22. data-binary

    使用curl和Jenkins REST API

    1. # To retrieve the job config.xml
    2. curl -X GET '/job//config.xml' -u username:API_TOKEN -o <jobname>.xml
    3. # to use this config to create a new job
    4. curl -s -XPOST '/createItem?name=' -u username:API_TOKEN --data-binary @.xml -H "Content-Type:text/xml"
    5. # get all jenkins jobs
    6. curl -X GET '/api/json?pretty=true' -u username:API_TOKEN -o jobs.json
    7. # get jenkins view
    8. curl -X GET '/view//api/json' -u username:API_TOKEN -o view.json

    四:curl help

    1. curl --help
    2. Usage: curl [options...] <url>
    3. Options: (H) means HTTP/HTTPS only, (F) means FTP only
    4. --anyauth Pick "any" authentication method (H)
    5. -a, --append Append to target file when uploading (F/SFTP)
    6. --basic Use HTTP Basic Authentication (H)
    7. --cacert FILE CA certificate to verify peer against (SSL)
    8. --capath DIR CA directory to verify peer against (SSL)
    9. -E, --cert CERT[:PASSWD] Client certificate file and password (SSL)
    10. --cert-status Verify the status of the server certificate (SSL)
    11. --cert-type TYPE Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
    12. --ciphers LIST SSL ciphers to use (SSL)
    13. --compressed Request compressed response (using deflate or gzip)
    14. -K, --config FILE Read config from FILE
    15. --connect-timeout SECONDS Maximum time allowed for connection
    16. --connect-to HOST1:PORT1:HOST2:PORT2 Connect to host (network level)
    17. -C, --continue-at OFFSET Resumed transfer OFFSET
    18. -b, --cookie STRING/FILE Read cookies from STRING/FILE (H)
    19. -c, --cookie-jar FILE Write cookies to FILE after operation (H)
    20. --create-dirs Create necessary local directory hierarchy
    21. --crlf Convert LF to CRLF in upload
    22. --crlfile FILE Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file
    23. -d, --data DATA HTTP POST data (H)
    24. --data-raw DATA HTTP POST data, '@' allowed (H)
    25. --data-ascii DATA HTTP POST ASCII data (H)
    26. --data-binary DATA HTTP POST binary data (H)
    27. --data-urlencode DATA HTTP POST data url encoded (H)
    28. --delegation STRING GSS-API delegation permission
    29. --digest Use HTTP Digest Authentication (H)
    30. --disable-eprt Inhibit using EPRT or LPRT (F)
    31. --disable-epsv Inhibit using EPSV (F)
    32. --dns-servers DNS server addrs to use: 1.1.1.1;2.2.2.2
    33. --dns-interface Interface to use for DNS requests
    34. --dns-ipv4-addr IPv4 address to use for DNS requests, dot notation
    35. --dns-ipv6-addr IPv6 address to use for DNS requests, dot notation
    36. -D, --dump-header FILE Write the received headers to FILE
    37. --egd-file FILE EGD socket path for random data (SSL)
    38. --engine ENGINE Crypto engine (use "--engine list" for list) (SSL)
    39. --expect100-timeout SECONDS How long to wait for 100-continue (H)
    40. -f, --fail Fail silently (no output at all) on HTTP errors (H)
    41. --fail-early Fail on first transfer error, do not continue
    42. --false-start Enable TLS False Start.
    43. -F, --form CONTENT Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)
    44. --form-string STRING Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)
    45. --ftp-account DATA Account data string (F)
    46. --ftp-alternative-to-user COMMAND String to replace "USER [name]" (F)
    47. --ftp-create-dirs Create the remote dirs if not present (F)
    48. --ftp-method [MULTICWD/NOCWD/SINGLECWD] Control CWD usage (F)
    49. --ftp-pasv Use PASV/EPSV instead of PORT (F)
    50. -P, --ftp-port ADR Use PORT with given address instead of PASV (F)
    51. --ftp-skip-pasv-ip Skip the IP address for PASV (F)
    52. --ftp-pret Send PRET before PASV (for drftpd) (F)
    53. --ftp-ssl-ccc Send CCC after authenticating (F)
    54. --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode ACTIVE/PASSIVE Set CCC mode (F)
    55. --ftp-ssl-control Require SSL/TLS for FTP login, clear for transfer (F)
    56. -G, --get Send the -d data with a HTTP GET (H)
    57. -g, --globoff Disable URL sequences and ranges using {} and []
    58. -H, --header LINE Pass custom header LINE to server (H)
    59. -I, --head Show document info only
    60. -h, --help This help text
    61. --hostpubmd5 MD5 Hex-encoded MD5 string of the host public key. (SSH)
    62. -0, --http1.0 Use HTTP 1.0 (H)
    63. --http1.1 Use HTTP 1.1 (H)
    64. --http2 Use HTTP 2 (H)
    65. --http2-prior-knowledge Use HTTP 2 without HTTP/1.1 Upgrade (H)
    66. --ignore-content-length Ignore the HTTP Content-Length header
    67. -i, --include Include protocol headers in the output (H/F)
    68. -k, --insecure Allow connections to SSL sites without certs (H)
    69. --interface INTERFACE Use network INTERFACE (or address)
    70. -4, --ipv4 Resolve name to IPv4 address
    71. -6, --ipv6 Resolve name to IPv6 address
    72. -j, --junk-session-cookies Ignore session cookies read from file (H)
    73. --keepalive-time SECONDS Wait SECONDS between keepalive probes
    74. --key KEY Private key file name (SSL/SSH)
    75. --key-type TYPE Private key file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
    76. --krb LEVEL Enable Kerberos with security LEVEL (F)
    77. --libcurl FILE Dump libcurl equivalent code of this command line
    78. --limit-rate RATE Limit transfer speed to RATE
    79. -l, --list-only List only mode (F/POP3)
    80. --local-port RANGE Force use of RANGE for local port numbers
    81. -L, --location Follow redirects (H)
    82. --location-trusted Like '--location', and send auth to other hosts (H)
    83. --login-options OPTIONS Server login options (IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
    84. -M, --manual Display the full manual
    85. --mail-from FROM Mail from this address (SMTP)
    86. --mail-rcpt TO Mail to this/these addresses (SMTP)
    87. --mail-auth AUTH Originator address of the original email (SMTP)
    88. --max-filesize BYTES Maximum file size to download (H/F)
    89. --max-redirs NUM Maximum number of redirects allowed (H)
    90. -m, --max-time SECONDS Maximum time allowed for the transfer
    91. --metalink Process given URLs as metalink XML file
    92. --negotiate Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication (H)
    93. -n, --netrc Must read .netrc for user name and password
    94. --netrc-optional Use either .netrc or URL; overrides -n
    95. --netrc-file FILE Specify FILE for netrc
    96. -:, --next Allows the following URL to use a separate set of options
    97. --no-alpn Disable the ALPN TLS extension (H)
    98. -N, --no-buffer Disable buffering of the output stream
    99. --no-keepalive Disable keepalive use on the connection
    100. --no-npn Disable the NPN TLS extension (H)
    101. --no-sessionid Disable SSL session-ID reusing (SSL)
    102. --noproxy List of hosts which do not use proxy
    103. --ntlm Use HTTP NTLM authentication (H)
    104. --ntlm-wb Use HTTP NTLM authentication with winbind (H)
    105. --oauth2-bearer TOKEN OAuth 2 Bearer Token (IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
    106. -o, --output FILE Write to FILE instead of stdout
    107. --pass PASS Pass phrase for the private key (SSL/SSH)
    108. --path-as-is Do not squash .. sequences in URL path
    109. --pinnedpubkey FILE/HASHES Public key to verify peer against (SSL)
    110. --post301 Do not switch to GET after following a 301 redirect (H)
    111. --post302 Do not switch to GET after following a 302 redirect (H)
    112. --post303 Do not switch to GET after following a 303 redirect (H)
    113. --preproxy [PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT] Proxy before HTTP(S) proxy
    114. -#, --progress-bar Display transfer progress as a progress bar
    115. --proto PROTOCOLS Enable/disable PROTOCOLS
    116. --proto-default PROTOCOL Use PROTOCOL for any URL missing a scheme
    117. --proto-redir PROTOCOLS Enable/disable PROTOCOLS on redirect
    118. -x, --proxy [PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT] Use proxy on given port
    119. --proxy-anyauth Pick "any" proxy authentication method (H)
    120. --proxy-basic Use Basic authentication on the proxy (H)
    121. --proxy-digest Use Digest authentication on the proxy (H)
    122. --proxy-cacert FILE CA certificate to verify peer against for proxy (SSL)
    123. --proxy-capath DIR CA directory to verify peer against for proxy (SSL)
    124. --proxy-cert CERT[:PASSWD] Client certificate file and password for proxy (SSL)
    125. --proxy-cert-type TYPE Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) for proxy (SSL)
    126. --proxy-ciphers LIST SSL ciphers to use for proxy (SSL)
    127. --proxy-crlfile FILE Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file for proxy
    128. --proxy-insecure Allow connections to SSL sites without certs for proxy (H)
    129. --proxy-key KEY Private key file name for proxy (SSL)
    130. --proxy-key-type TYPE Private key file type for proxy (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
    131. --proxy-negotiate Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication on the proxy (H)
    132. --proxy-ntlm Use NTLM authentication on the proxy (H)
    133. --proxy-header LINE Pass custom header LINE to proxy (H)
    134. --proxy-pass PASS Pass phrase for the private key for proxy (SSL)
    135. --proxy-ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop for proxy (SSL)
    136. --proxy-tlsv1 Use TLSv1 for proxy (SSL)
    137. --proxy-tlsuser USER TLS username for proxy
    138. --proxy-tlspassword STRING TLS password for proxy
    139. --proxy-tlsauthtype STRING TLS authentication type for proxy (default SRP)
    140. --proxy-service-name NAME SPNEGO proxy service name
    141. --service-name NAME SPNEGO service name
    142. -U, --proxy-user USER[:PASSWORD] Proxy user and password
    143. --proxy1.0 HOST[:PORT] Use HTTP/1.0 proxy on given port
    144. -p, --proxytunnel Operate through a HTTP proxy tunnel (using CONNECT)
    145. --pubkey KEY Public key file name (SSH)
    146. -Q, --quote CMD Send command(s) to server before transfer (F/SFTP)
    147. --random-file FILE File for reading random data from (SSL)
    148. -r, --range RANGE Retrieve only the bytes within RANGE
    149. --raw Do HTTP "raw"; no transfer decoding (H)
    150. -e, --referer Referer URL (H)
    151. -J, --remote-header-name Use the header-provided filename (H)
    152. -O, --remote-name Write output to a file named as the remote file
    153. --remote-name-all Use the remote file name for all URLs
    154. -R, --remote-time Set the remote file's time on the local output
    155. -X, --request COMMAND Specify request command to use
    156. --resolve HOST:PORT:ADDRESS Force resolve of HOST:PORT to ADDRESS
    157. --retry NUM Retry request NUM times if transient problems occur
    158. --retry-connrefused Retry on connection refused (use with --retry)
    159. --retry-delay SECONDS Wait SECONDS between retries
    160. --retry-max-time SECONDS Retry only within this period
    161. --sasl-ir Enable initial response in SASL authentication
    162. -S, --show-error Show error. With -s, make curl show errors when they occur
    163. -s, --silent Silent mode (don't output anything)
    164. --socks4 HOST[:PORT] SOCKS4 proxy on given host + port
    165. --socks4a HOST[:PORT] SOCKS4a proxy on given host + port
    166. --socks5 HOST[:PORT] SOCKS5 proxy on given host + port
    167. --socks5-hostname HOST[:PORT] SOCKS5 proxy, pass host name to proxy
    168. --socks5-gssapi-service NAME SOCKS5 proxy service name for GSS-API
    169. --socks5-gssapi-nec Compatibility with NEC SOCKS5 server
    170. -Y, --speed-limit RATE Stop transfers below RATE for 'speed-time' secs
    171. -y, --speed-time SECONDS Trigger 'speed-limit' abort after SECONDS (default: 30)
    172. --ssl Try SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
    173. --ssl-reqd Require SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
    174. -2, --sslv2 Use SSLv2 (SSL)
    175. -3, --sslv3 Use SSLv3 (SSL)
    176. --ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop (SSL)
    177. --ssl-no-revoke Disable cert revocation checks (WinSSL)
    178. --stderr FILE Where to redirect stderr (use "-" for stdout)
    179. --suppress-connect-headers Suppress proxy CONNECT response headers
    180. --tcp-nodelay Use the TCP_NODELAY option
    181. --tcp-fastopen Use TCP Fast Open
    182. -t, --telnet-option OPT=VAL Set telnet option
    183. --tftp-blksize VALUE Set TFTP BLKSIZE option (must be >512)
    184. --tftp-no-options Do not send TFTP options requests
    185. -z, --time-cond TIME Transfer based on a time condition
    186. -1, --tlsv1 Use >= TLSv1 (SSL)
    187. --tlsv1.0 Use TLSv1.0 (SSL)
    188. --tlsv1.1 Use TLSv1.1 (SSL)
    189. --tlsv1.2 Use TLSv1.2 (SSL)
    190. --tlsv1.3 Use TLSv1.3 (SSL)
    191. --tls-max VERSION Use TLS up to VERSION (SSL)
    192. --trace FILE Write a debug trace to FILE
    193. --trace-ascii FILE Like --trace, but without hex output
    194. --trace-time Add time stamps to trace/verbose output
    195. --tr-encoding Request compressed transfer encoding (H)
    196. -T, --upload-file FILE Transfer FILE to destination
    197. --url URL URL to work with
    198. -B, --use-ascii Use ASCII/text transfer
    199. -u, --user USER[:PASSWORD] Server user and password
    200. --tlsuser USER TLS username
    201. --tlspassword STRING TLS password
    202. --tlsauthtype STRING TLS authentication type (default: SRP)
    203. --unix-socket PATH Connect through this Unix domain socket
    204. --abstract-unix-socket PATH Connect to an abstract Unix domain socket
    205. -A, --user-agent STRING Send User-Agent STRING to server (H)
    206. -v, --verbose Make the operation more talkative
    207. -V, --version Show version number and quit
    208. -w, --write-out FORMAT Use output FORMAT after completion
    209. --xattr Store metadata in extended file attributes
    210. -q, --disable Disable .curlrc (must be first parameter)

    五:实战

    5.1下载内容到指定路径

    通过-o/-O选项保存下载的文件到指定的文件中:

    -o:将文件保存为命令行中指定的文件名的文件中
    -O:使用URL中默认的文件名保存文件到本地

    1. curl -o mygettext.html http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html
    2. curl -O http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html

    使用多个 -o 可以同时获取多个文件内容。若同时从同一站点下载多个文件时,curl会尝试重用链接(connection)。

    5.2断点续传

    通过使用 -C 选项可对大文件使用断点续传功能,如:

    1. 当文件在下载完成之前结束该进程
    2. curl -O http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html
    3. 通过添加-C选项继续对该文件进行下载,已经下载过的文件不会被重新下载
    4. curl -C - -O http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html

    需要注意的是 -C 参数后值是 -

    5.3下载限速

    通过--limit-rate选项对CURL的最大网络使用进行限制:

    1. 下载速度最大不会超过1000B/second
    2. curl --limit-rate 1000B -O http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html

    5.4下载指定时间内修改过的文件

    当下载一个文件时,可对该文件的最后修改日期进行判断,如果该文件在指定日期内修改过,就进行下载,否则不下载。

    该功能可通过使用 -z 选项来实现:

    1. 若yy.html文件在2011/12/21之后有过更新才会进行下载
    2. curl -z 21-Dec-11 http://www.example.com/yy.html

    5.5CURL授权

    在访问需要授权的页面时,可通过 -u 选项提供用户名和密码进行授权

    1. curl -u username:password URL
    2. # 通常的做法是在命令行只输入用户名,之后会提示输入密码,这样可以保证在查看历史记录时不会将密码泄露
    3. curl -u username URL

    5.6从FTP服务器下载文件

    CURL同样支持FTP下载,若在url中指定的是某个文件路径而非具体的某个要下载的文件名,CURL则会列出该目录下的所有文件名而并非下载该目录下的所有文件:

    1. # 列出public_html下的所有文件夹和文件
    2. curl -u ftpuser:ftppass -O ftp://ftp_server/public_html/
    3. # 下载xss.php文件
    4. curl -u ftpuser:ftppass -O ftp://ftp_server/public_html/xss.php

    5.7上传文件到FTP服务器

    通过 -T 选项可将指定的本地文件上传到FTP服务器上

    1. # 将myfile.txt文件上传到服务器
    2. curl -u ftpuser:ftppass -T myfile.txt ftp://ftp.testserver.com
    3. # 同时上传多个文件
    4. curl -u ftpuser:ftppass -T "{file1,file2}" ftp://ftp.testserver.com
    5. # 从标准输入获取内容保存到服务器指定的文件中
    6. curl -u ftpuser:ftppass -T - ftp://ftp.testserver.com/myfile_1.txt

    5.8通过字典查询单词

    1. # 查询bash单词的含义
    2. curl dict://dict.org/d:bash
    3. # 列出所有可用词典
    4. curl dict://dict.org/show:db
    5. # 在foldoc词典中查询bash单词的含义
    6. curl dict://dict.org/d:bash:foldoc

    5.9设置代理

    -x 选项可以为CURL添加代理功能:

    1. 指定代理主机和端口
    2. curl -x proxysever.test.com:3128 http://google.co.in

    5.10保存与使用网站cookie信息

    1. # 将网站的cookies信息保存到sugarcookies文件中
    2. curl -D sugarcookies http://localhost/sugarcrm/index.php
    3. # 使用上次保存的cookie信息
    4. curl -b sugarcookies http://localhost/sugarcrm/index.php

    5.11获取HTTP头信息

    通过使用 -v 和 -trace获取更多的链接信息:

    curl -v http://www.centos.org

    5.12发送GET/POST请求

    默认curl使用GET方式请求数据,这种方式下直接通过URL传递数据。

    可以通过 --data/-d 方式指定使用POST方式传递数据;通过 -X 选项指定其它协议。

    1. # GET
    2. curl -u username https://api.github.com/user?access_token=XXXXXXXXXX
    3. # POST
    4. curl -u username --data "param1=value1¶m2=value" https://api.github.com
    5. # 也可以指定一个文件,将该文件中的内容当作数据传递给服务器端
    6. curl --data @filename https://github.api.com/authorizations
    7. # 通过 -X 选项指定其它协议
    8. curl -I -X DELETE https://api.github.cim
    9. # 上传文件: -F/--form
    10. # 相当于设置form表单的method="POST"和enctype='multipart/form-data'两个属性
    11. curl --form "fileupload=@filename.txt" http://hostname/resource

    注:默认情况下,通过POST方式传递过去的数据中若有特殊字符,首先需要将特殊字符转义再传递给服务器端,如value值中包含有空格,则需要先将空格转换成%20,如:

    curl -d "value%201" http://hostname.com

    在新版本的CURL中,提供了新的选项 --data-urlencode,通过该选项提供的参数会自动转义特殊字符:

    curl --data-urlencode "value 1" http://hostname.com

    5.13设置HTTP头部字段

    若服务器需要传递json文本参数:

    curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST  --data '{"param":{"appkey":"xxx","secret":"xxx"}}'  http://api.xxx.com

    -H/--header 用于为HTTP请求设置任意header及值。

    -H "Content-Type: application/json"指定以json形式传递参数,默认是以表单的形式传递参数。

    对于User-Agent、 Cookie、 Host这类标准的HTTP头部字段,通常会有另外一种设置方法。curl命令提供了特定的选项来对这些头部字段进行设置:

    • -A/--user-agent: 设置 User-Agent 字段
    • -b/--cookie: 设置 Cookie 字段
    • -e/--referer: 设置 Referer 字段
  • 相关阅读:
    初始化一个Vue3项目
    心理学综述类期刊介绍|《New Ideas In Psychology》
    目标检测算法实战综述
    故障诊断实验台 | PT500mini轴承齿轮箱转子故障实验台
    vscode 调试 ROS2
    LitePal for Android
    软件测试面试必问:为什么要选择软件测试?
    pdf文件可以压缩大小吗?pdf压缩方法分享
    获取类中函数里面所有变量的变量名称
    sqllab第十关通关笔记
  • 原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/ver_mouth__/article/details/126150645