• 使用微信公众号给指定微信用户发送信息

    1.编写接口验证微信方是否接入成功

    1.     /*参数	    描述
    2.       signature	微信加密签名，signature结合了开发者填写的token参数和请求中的timestamp参数、nonce参数。
    3.       timestamp	时间戳
    4.       nonce	    随机数
    5.       echostr	    随机字符串*/
    6.     @ApiOperation("验证微信方是否接入成功")
    7.     @GetMapping("/weChat") //get方法是为了验证微信方是否接入成功
    8.     public String validate(String signature,String timestamp,String nonce,String echostr)
    9.     {
    10.         //1）将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序
    11.         String[] arr = {WeChatUtils.TOKEN,timestamp,nonce};
    12.         Arrays.sort(arr);
    13.  
    14.         //2）将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密
    15.         String str = arr[0]+arr[1]+arr[2];
    16.         String mySignature = sha1(str);
    17.  
    18.         //获得自己加密的签名
    19.         //3）开发者获得加密后的字符串可与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信
    20.         if(StringUtils.equals(mySignature,signature))
    21.         {
    22.             //原样返回echostr参数内容，则接入生效，成为开发者成功，否则接入失败
    23.             return echostr;
    24.         }
    25.         return null;
    26.     }

     注意：token要与配置的token一致

    1. package com.guigusuqi.commonutils.utils;
    2.  
    3. public class WeChatUtils
    4. {
    5.     public static final String TOKEN = "guigusuqi7";
    6. }

    2.配置接口信息，为了验证微信方是否接入成功

     前提是需要用nginx把80端口的URL代理到项目中的接口路径

    1. upstream questionnaire
    2.     {
    3.         server 127.0.0.1:8002;
    4.     }
    5. server
    6.     {
    7.         listen 80;
    8.         server_name suqiqaq.cn;
    9.        
    10.         location ~ /officialAccount/weChat
    11.         {
    12.           proxy_pass http://questionnaire;
    13.         }
    14.     }

    3.开始使用微信公众平台的测试号来调用接口

    微信测试号配置测试号

    4.配置yaml:

    1. weChat:
    2.   appID: wx6dda2178c44e613a
    3.   appsecret: 0ea9dc58811790c5115e4d44f86ed5f2
    4.   templateID: lcNTMFxkf0TlhOVryVHSadjgBG9G5nXaVefkyZ8O9es	 # 模板id
    5.   getAccessTokenUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=${weChat.appID}&secret=${weChat.appsecret} # 获取accessTokenUrl
    6.   url: https://wj.qq.com/s2/9294970/8014 # 用户点击信息 跳转的url

    5.编写接口，发送用户请求

    1.  @Override
    2.     public Result sendTemplateInfo(JSONObject jsonData) throws Exception
    3.     {
    4.         //获取小程序accessToken
    5.         String accessToken = obtainAccessTokenUtils.obtainAccessToken();
    6.  
    7.         //消息推送接口
    8.         String path = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=" + accessToken;
    9.  
    10.         String result = HttpClientUtils.doPost(path, jsonData.toJSONString());
    11.         //将微信返回结果解析成json对象
    12.         //判断发送模板消息结果
    13.         JSONObject obj = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
    14.         //将json对象赋值给map
    15.         Map map = obj;
    16.  
    17.         //获取错误码 如果code为0,errmsg为ok 代表成功
    18.         Integer code = (Integer)map.get("errcode");
    19.  
    20.         String msg = map.get("errmsg").toString();
    21.         if (0  != code  ||  !"ok".equals(msg))
    22.         {
    23.             return Result.fail().code(code).message("消息推送失败,"+msg);
    24.         }
    25.         return Result.success().message("消息推送成功!");
    26.     }

    5.1编写接口，通过发送请求getAccessTokenUrl获取access_token

    1. package com.guigusuqi.commonutils.utils;
    2.  
    3. import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    4. import com.guigusuqi.commonutils.exceptionHandler.GlobalExceptionHandler;
    5. import com.guigusuqi.commonutils.exceptionHandler.HospitalException;
    6. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    7. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    8. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    9.  
    10. import java.io.IOException;
    11. import java.util.Map;
    12.  
    13. /**
    14.  * 公众号发送模板信息给用户所需要的access_token
    15.  */
    16. @Component
    17. public class ObtainAccessTokenUtils
    18. {
    19.     @Value("${weChat.getAccessTokenUrl}")
    20.     String getAccessTokenUrl;
    21.  
    22.     /**
    23.      * 获取AccessToken
    24.      * @return
    25.      */
    26.     public String obtainAccessToken() throws IOException
    27.     {
    28.         // 返回的用户信息json字符串
    29.         String result  = HttpClientUtils.doPost(getAccessTokenUrl, "");
    30.  
    31.         JSONObject obj = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
    32.         Map map =obj;
    33.         try {
    34.             //从结果中取出access_token
    35.             String  access_token  = map.get("access_token").toString();
    36.             return access_token;
    37.         }catch (Exception e){
    38.             //如果返回的结果中有errcode和errmsg，说明接口调用失败
    39.             Integer errCode = (Integer) map.get("errcode");
    40.             String errMsg = map.get("errmsg").toString();
    41.             throw new HospitalException(errCode,"微信公众平台获得access_token失败,"+errMsg);
    42.         }
    43.     }
    44. }

    HttpClientUtils：

    1. package com.guigusuqi.commonutils.utils;
    2.  
    3. import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    4. import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    5. import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    6. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    7. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    8. import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    9. import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    10. import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    11. import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    12.  
    13. import java.io.IOException;
    14.  
    15. public class HttpClientUtils
    16. {
    17.     //发起一个get请求，返回数据是以json格式返回
    18.     public static JSONObject doGet(String url) throws IOException
    19.     {
    20.         JSONObject jsonObject = null;
    21.  
    22.         CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
    23.  
    24.         HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
    25.         CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);
    26.         HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    27.  
    28.         if(entity != null)
    29.         {
    30.             String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
    31.             jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
    32.         }
    33.         httpGet.releaseConnection();;
    34.         return jsonObject;
    35.     }
    36.  
    37.     //发起一个post请求，返回数据是以json格式返回
    38.     public static String doPost(String url,String jsonParam) throws IOException
    39.     {
    40.         System.out.println(jsonParam);
    41.  
    42.         // 获取连接客户端工具
    43.         CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    44.  
    45.         String entityStr = null;
    46.         CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    47.  
    48.         try {
    49.             // 创建POST请求对象s
    50.             HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    51.             if (!"".equals(jsonParam)){
    52.                 // 创建请求参数
    53.                 StringEntity s = new StringEntity(jsonParam, "utf-8");
    54.                 //设置参数到请求对象中
    55.                 httpPost.setEntity(s);
    56.             }
    57.             //添加请求头信息
    58.             httpPost.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.7.6)");
    59.             httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    60.             // 执行请求
    61.             response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
    62.             // 获得响应
    63.             HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    64.             // 将响应结果转换成字符串
    65.             entityStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
    66.  
    67.         } catch (Exception e) {
    68.             e.printStackTrace();
    69.         } finally {
    70.             // 释放连接
    71.             if (null != response) {
    72.                 try {
    73.                     response.close();
    74.                     httpClient.close();
    75.                 } catch (IOException e) {
    76.                     System.out.println("释放连接出错");
    77.                     e.printStackTrace();
    78.                 }
    79.             }
    80.         }
    81.         // 打印响应内容
    82.         System.out.println("打印响应内容:"+entityStr);
    83.         return entityStr;
    84.     }
    85. }

    5.2 获得access_token之后，请求消息推送接口，获得发送的结果

    1.  @Override
    2.     public Result sendTemplateInfo(JSONObject jsonData) throws Exception
    3.     {
    4.         //获取小程序accessToken
    5.         String accessToken = obtainAccessTokenUtils.obtainAccessToken();
    6.  
    7.         //消息推送接口
    8.         String path = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=" + accessToken;
    9.  
    10.         String result = HttpClientUtils.doPost(path, jsonData.toJSONString());
    11.         //将微信返回结果解析成json对象
    12.         //判断发送模板消息结果
    13.         JSONObject obj = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
    14.         //将json对象赋值给map
    15.         Map map = obj;
    16.  
    17.         //获取错误码 如果code为0,errmsg为ok 代表成功
    18.         Integer code = (Integer)map.get("errcode");
    19.  
    20.         String msg = map.get("errmsg").toString();
    21.         if (0  != code  ||  !"ok".equals(msg))
    22.         {
    23.             return Result.fail().code(code).message("消息推送失败,"+msg);
    24.         }
    25.         return Result.success().message("消息推送成功!");
    26.     }

    5.3 得到access_token了，url也有了，下一步就是看看发送模板消息需要哪些入参了

     

    1.  {
    2.            "touser":"oLiuN6Z8zlX-ONrjPFsW8FoKKtdI",
    3.            "template_id":"lcNTMFxkf0TlhOVryVHSadjgBG9G5nXaVefkyZ8O9es",         
    4.            "data":{
    5.                    "first": {
    6.                        "value":"恭喜你购买成功！",
    7.                        "color":"#173177"
    8.                    },
    9.                    "keyword1":{
    10.                        "value":"巧克力",
    11.                        "color":"#173177"
    12.                    },
    13.                    "keyword2": {
    14.                        "value":"39.8元",
    15.                        "color":"#173177"
    16.                    },
    17.                    "remark":{
    18.                        "value":"欢迎再次购买！",
    19.                        "color":"#173177"
    20.                    }
    21.            }
    22.        }

    touser这个参数必须是关注了这个公众号的： 

     模板id就是yaml文件指定的templateID

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45974277/article/details/126103571