linux 搭建FTP服务器

网上对于ftp搭建有很多，但是说的比较的麻烦，而且十分容易出错，并且在创建完成后存在一些配置的注意事项。废话不多说，现在开始。

1、安装 vsftpd

安装FTP服务

yum -y install vsftpd
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如果是服务器不能上网，可以进行离线安装，上传vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64.rpm，进行离线安装。

安装完成后，设置开机自启

systemctl enable vsftpd.service
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启动服务

systemctl start vsftpd.service
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查看服务的是否启动：

 netstat -antup | grep ftp
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关闭SELinux

修改/etc/selinux/config中SELINUX=""为disabled （这里可以先不重启）

执行命令 setenforce 0

修改配置文件(按如下内容进行逐项替换）

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vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=NO

#local_root=/home/ftp
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/userconfig
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
reverse_lookup_enable=NO #默认是开启反向解析的，导致连接速度比较慢
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
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2、创建用户

这里就以安全监测的用户为例：

1. 创建FTP根目录

/home/ftp/aqjk
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2.创建用户并授权（添加用户aqjk，不设置登录）

useradd aqjk -d /home/ftp/aqjk/ -s /sbin/nologin

passwd aqjk #设置密码（自行处理）
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3.修改目录拥有者权限

chown -R aqjk:aqjk /home/ftp/AQJK
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4.创建白名单的文件，必须建，可以空的

touch /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
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5.创建用户配置文件目录，并编辑用户配置，这里的local_root是用户所在的根目录。

mkdir /etc/vsftpd/userconfig

echo "local_root=/home/ftp/aqjk" > /etc/vsftpd/userconfig/aqjk
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6.重启服务

systemctl restart vsftpd.service
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至此 服务器的搭建以及创建用户完成，如果是多个用户，可以按照步骤添加用户创建，每个用户都是只能看到配置文件目录，
如果给别人提供地址的话就直接给你ip以及**/**就OK。