[ 定语从句 ] 定语从句就是修饰限定名词或代词，做后置定语的句子
注意：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词，从句中的人称和数取决于先行词，三单问题
[ 定语从句的连接词 ] 连接词无意义
关系代词：who whom whose which that as
关系副词：when where why
[ who ]
注意：只能修饰表示人的名词或代词，主句和从句之前没有时态限制
[ who + 谓宾 ]
The girl who helps me every day is beautiful. 三单
每天帮助我的那个女孩很漂亮
I never forget the girl who helped me yesterday.
我永远不会忘记昨天帮助我的那个女孩
How do you thank the people who have helped you?
你如何感谢那些帮助过你的人
The man who is talking with my father is a policeman.
和我父亲谈话的那个人是个警察
[ who + 系表 ]
The girl who is beautiful helped me just now.
那个漂亮的女孩刚刚帮了我
非限定性定语从句：形容词和介词不能修饰人名，定语从句可以
Pandora, who is under the tree, is with her boyfriend now.
潘多拉就在树下，现在和她的男朋友在一起
[ who + 助动词"be" + 及物动词-ed ] who在被动句做主语
Do you know the girl who was hit last night?
你认识昨晚被击中的那个女孩吗？
也可以使用过去分词短语做后置定语，但不能用作其他被动句的时态
Do you know the girl hit last night?
Do you know the girl who will married by a rich man?
你认识那个要嫁给一个有钱人的女孩吗
[ whom ]
注意：只能修饰表示人的名词或代词，在从句中作宾语，常省略
[ whom + 主语 + 及物动词 + 状语 ]
The man (whom) you will marry next year is with you now.
你明年要嫁给的那个人现在已经和你在一起了
The people (whom) you hate are always happy.
你所憎恨的人总是快乐的
The teacher (whom) we all like has resigned.
我们都喜欢的老师已经辞职了
[ whom + 主语 + 谓语 + to + 及物动词原型 + 状语 ] whom 做动词不定式的宾语
The singer (whom) you want to see has gone.
你想看的歌手已经走了
The girl (whom) I try to help every day is my student.
我每天试图帮助的女孩是我的学生
[ whom + 主语 + 谓语 + 及物动词-ing + 状语 ] whom 做动名词的宾语
The woman (whom) he minds seeing is his ex-wife.
他想看到的那个女人是他的前妻
The old man (whom) they denied helping is a beggar.
他们否认帮助的老人是个乞丐
[ whom + 主语 + 双宾动词 + 直接宾语 + 状语 ] whom 做间接宾语
注意：直接宾语在前要加 to，在这里可以省略，如果不省略要把 to 放到 whom 前面，此时的whom不能省略
The girl ( to whom) I teach English every day is his sister.
我每天教英语的那个女孩是他的妹妹
The man to whom I gave a book just now is my friend.
我刚才送给他一本书的那个人是我的朋友
[ which ]
注意：只能修饰表示事物的名词或代词，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略
[ which + 谓宾 ] 做主语
注意：注意先行词的单复数，三单问题
The book which helps me a lot is very old.
这本经常帮助我的书已经很老了
The house which fell down last year is big.
去年倒塌的房子很大
Guilin is a city which has a history of 2000 years.
桂林时座具有2000年历史的城市
[ which + 系表 ] 做主语
注意：注意先行词的单复数，三单问题
This is the book which is very popular among young girl.
这是一本很受年轻女孩的欢迎的书
Have you seen the TV show which is very popular recently.
你看过最近很受欢迎的电视节目吗
[ which + 助动词"be" + 及物动词-ed ] which在被动句做主语
注意：注意先行词的单复数，三单问题
Have you visited the house which was built 200 years ago?
你参观过200年前建造的房子吗
Do you know the tree which was planted by Sunzhongshan?
你知道孙中山种的那棵树吗
The books which have been bought from Taobao.com are cheap.
从Taobao.com公司买来的书都很便宜
[ which + 主语 + 及物动词 + 状语 ] 做宾语
I found the key (which) I lost last night.
我找到我昨天晚上丢的钥匙了
[ which + 主语 + 谓语 + to + 及物动词原型 + 状语 ] which 做动词不定式的宾语
I this the book you wanted to buy last year?
这是你去年想买的那本书吗？
[ which + 主语 + 谓语 + 及物动词-ing + 状语 ] which 做动名词的宾语
The song I enjoy listening to every day is very populay.
我每天都喜欢听的那首歌，现在都很流行
[ which + 主语 + 双宾动词 + 直接宾语 + 状语 ] which 做间接宾语
Have you received the gift I sent to you last week?
你收到我上周送给你的礼物了了吗?
[ that ]
注意：可以修饰表示事物、人的名词或代词，做宾语时可省略，相当于who、whom、which
以上用 who、whom、which 构成的定语从句，基本可以使用 that 替代
[ that + 谓宾 ] 做主语
注意：注意先行词的单复数，三单问题
The men that makes me angry is her husband.
让我生气的男人是她的丈夫
The event that makes me angry is about my student.
让我生气的事情是关于我的学生
[ that + 系表 ] 做主语
The car that is very expensive is his father's.
那辆很贵的车是他父亲的
[ that + 助动词"be" + 及物动词-ed ] that 在被动句做主语
The book (that) was bought last week is very good.
上周买的那本书很好
[ that + 主语 + 及物动词 + 状语 ] 做宾语
Have you found everything (that) you need?
你找到你需要的东西了吗
[ that + 主语 + 谓语 + to + 及物动词原型 + 状语 ] that 做动词不定式的宾语
There are some films (that) I'd like to see.
有几部电影我想去看
[ that + 主语 + 谓语 + 及物动词-ing + 状语 ] that 做动名词的宾语
The song (that) I enjoy litening to every day is very popular.
我喜欢听的那首歌很受欢迎
[ that + 主语 + 双宾动词 + 直接宾语 + 状语 ] that 做间接宾语
The books (that) I gave him just now are very useful.
我刚才给他的那些书非常有用
[ that 与 which 的区别 ]
① which 可以引导非限定性定语从句，that 不能
② which 前面可以加介词，that 不能
③ 先行词是不定代词，用that，不用which
some 一些 any 任何 both 两者都 none 没有人 / 物 either 两者之一
neither 两者都不 all 全部 one 某人或某物 each 某人或某物 each 每个
every 每个 many 很多 much 很多 another 另一个 other 别的，其他
more 更多 most 大部分 few 极少数 little 极少量 no 没有
There is nothing that can stop him.
没有什么能阻止他的
④ 先行词被序数词修饰的，用that，不用which
The first place that they visited in Beijing was the Great Wall.
他们在北京参观的第一个地方是长城
⑤ 先行词被形容词最高级修饰的，用that，不用which
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影
⑥ 先行词被 the very, the only, the just 等修饰，用that，不用which
This is the only company that I worked for.
这是我唯一一家工作过的公司
[ whose ]
注意：在从句中做前置定语，修饰一个名词
[ whose + 名词 + 谓语 + (宾语) + (状语) ] whose + 名词 做主语
The man whose wife bought a big gold ring is very rich.
他的妻子买了一枚大金戒指的那个男人非常富有
[ whose + 名词 + 系动词 + 表语 + (状语) ] whose + 名词 做主语
The house whose price is low was bought by him.
那个价格很低的房子是由他买下的
[ whose + 名词 + 主语 + 及物动词 + (状语) ] whose + 名词 做宾语
The man whose son every gril loves is very handsome.
每个女孩都爱的儿子的男人非常英俊
[ whose + 名词 + 助动词"be" + 及物动词-ed + (状语) ] whose + 名词 做被动句主语
Can you fix the house whose roof was blown off last night?
你能修理一下昨晚屋顶被吹掉的房子吗
[ when ]
注意：when 没有意义，做时间状语，先行词 time, day, hour, year
[ when + 主语 + 谓语 + (宾语) + (状语) ] when 做状语
I can't forget the day when I broke up with my girlfriend.
我不能忘记我和我女朋友分手的那一天
[ when + 被动句 ] when 做状语
[ when + 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 + (状语) ] when 做状语