如果我们不重置css样式,那么,浏览器自带的默认样式,会给我们展示什么样的页面呢?
我现在一个无样式的resetStyleCss.html页面,代码如下:
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>重置样式表title>
head>
<body>
<div>hello worddiv>
<p>这是 P 元素p>
<ul>
<li>苹果li>
<li>柑橘li>
<li>西瓜li>
ul>
body>
html>
在浏览器打开的页面如图所示:
我并没有设置P
元素的外边距,但浏览器默认给其加上了外边距,即 margin:16px
,因而,我们不得不重置样式。
我在resetStyleCss.html源代码中加入如下样式
再次打开浏览器,发现外边距不存在了,但ul
元素多了左内边距,即padding-left:40px
,如图所示:
因而,我们需要再补充加入以下代码:
再次打开浏览器,效果如图所示,margin和padding都为0了。
我们经过手动调试,将上述浏览器默认的样式重置了,但是在实际开发的过程中,我们不可能一遍一遍输入。
就算我们一遍一遍输入,也有可能会输入的不完整,造成浏览器的其他默认演示存在,因而,我们需要引入第三方的重置css样式:reset.css和normalize.css
链接地址:http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/
/* http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/
v2.0 | 20110126
License: none (public domain)
*/
html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe,
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code,
del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,
small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var,
b, u, i, center,
dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
fieldset, form, label, legend,
table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td,
article, aside, canvas, details, embed,
figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup,
menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary,
time, mark, audio, video {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
font-size: 100%;
font: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
/* HTML5 display-role reset for older browsers */
article, aside, details, figcaption, figure,
footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section {
display: block;
}
body {
line-height: 1;
}
ol, ul {
list-style: none;
}
blockquote, q {
quotes: none;
}
blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
q:before, q:after {
content: '';
content: none;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
}
链接地址:http://necolas.github.io/normalize.css/
/*! normalize.css v8.0.1 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css */
/* Document
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Correct the line height in all browsers.
* 2. Prevent adjustments of font size after orientation changes in iOS.
*/
html {
line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; /* 2 */
}
/* Sections
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the margin in all browsers.
*/
body {
margin: 0;
}
/**
* Render the `main` element consistently in IE.
*/
main {
display: block;
}
/**
* Correct the font size and margin on `h1` elements within `section` and
* `article` contexts in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.
*/
h1 {
font-size: 2em;
margin: 0.67em 0;
}
/* Grouping content
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Add the correct box sizing in Firefox.
* 2. Show the overflow in Edge and IE.
*/
hr {
box-sizing: content-box; /* 1 */
height: 0; /* 1 */
overflow: visible; /* 2 */
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers.
* 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
pre {
font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */
font-size: 1em; /* 2 */
}
/* Text-level semantics
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the gray background on active links in IE 10.
*/
a {
background-color: transparent;
}
/**
* 1. Remove the bottom border in Chrome 57-
* 2. Add the correct text decoration in Chrome, Edge, IE, Opera, and Safari.
*/
abbr[title] {
border-bottom: none; /* 1 */
text-decoration: underline; /* 2 */
text-decoration: underline dotted; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Add the correct font weight in Chrome, Edge, and Safari.
*/
b,
strong {
font-weight: bolder;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers.
* 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
code,
kbd,
samp {
font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */
font-size: 1em; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Add the correct font size in all browsers.
*/
small {
font-size: 80%;
}
/**
* Prevent `sub` and `sup` elements from affecting the line height in
* all browsers.
*/
sub,
sup {
font-size: 75%;
line-height: 0;
position: relative;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
sub {
bottom: -0.25em;
}
sup {
top: -0.5em;
}
/* Embedded content
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the border on images inside links in IE 10.
*/
img {
border-style: none;
}
/* Forms
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Change the font styles in all browsers.
* 2. Remove the margin in Firefox and Safari.
*/
button,
input,
optgroup,
select,
textarea {
font-family: inherit; /* 1 */
font-size: 100%; /* 1 */
line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */
margin: 0; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Show the overflow in IE.
* 1. Show the overflow in Edge.
*/
button,
input { /* 1 */
overflow: visible;
}
/**
* Remove the inheritance of text transform in Edge, Firefox, and IE.
* 1. Remove the inheritance of text transform in Firefox.
*/
button,
select { /* 1 */
text-transform: none;
}
/**
* Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
*/
button,
[type="button"],
[type="reset"],
[type="submit"] {
-webkit-appearance: button;
}
/**
* Remove the inner border and padding in Firefox.
*/
button::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner {
border-style: none;
padding: 0;
}
/**
* Restore the focus styles unset by the previous rule.
*/
button:-moz-focusring,
[type="button"]:-moz-focusring,
[type="reset"]:-moz-focusring,
[type="submit"]:-moz-focusring {
outline: 1px dotted ButtonText;
}
/**
* Correct the padding in Firefox.
*/
fieldset {
padding: 0.35em 0.75em 0.625em;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the text wrapping in Edge and IE.
* 2. Correct the color inheritance from `fieldset` elements in IE.
* 3. Remove the padding so developers are not caught out when they zero out
* `fieldset` elements in all browsers.
*/
legend {
box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */
color: inherit; /* 2 */
display: table; /* 1 */
max-width: 100%; /* 1 */
padding: 0; /* 3 */
white-space: normal; /* 1 */
}
/**
* Add the correct vertical alignment in Chrome, Firefox, and Opera.
*/
progress {
vertical-align: baseline;
}
/**
* Remove the default vertical scrollbar in IE 10+.
*/
textarea {
overflow: auto;
}
/**
* 1. Add the correct box sizing in IE 10.
* 2. Remove the padding in IE 10.
*/
[type="checkbox"],
[type="radio"] {
box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */
padding: 0; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Correct the cursor style of increment and decrement buttons in Chrome.
*/
[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
height: auto;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the odd appearance in Chrome and Safari.
* 2. Correct the outline style in Safari.
*/
[type="search"] {
-webkit-appearance: textfield; /* 1 */
outline-offset: -2px; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Remove the inner padding in Chrome and Safari on macOS.
*/
[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration {
-webkit-appearance: none;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
* 2. Change font properties to `inherit` in Safari.
*/
::-webkit-file-upload-button {
-webkit-appearance: button; /* 1 */
font: inherit; /* 2 */
}
/* Interactive
========================================================================== */
/*
* Add the correct display in Edge, IE 10+, and Firefox.
*/
details {
display: block;
}
/*
* Add the correct display in all browsers.
*/
summary {
display: list-item;
}
/* Misc
========================================================================== */
/**
* Add the correct display in IE 10+.
*/
template {
display: none;
}
/**
* Add the correct display in IE 10.
*/
[hidden] {
display: none;
}
我们在开发的过程中,reset.css和normalize.css引入一个就行,不用两个都引入,它们的区别是:
body,ol,ul,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,th,td,dl,dd,form,fieldset,legend,input,textarea,select{margin:0;padding:0}
body{font:12px "宋体","Arial Narrow",HELVETICA;background:#fff;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
a{color:#172c45;text-decoration:none}
a:hover{color:#cd0200;text-decoration:underline}
em{font-style:normal}
li{list-style:none}
img{border:0;vertical-align:middle}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
p{word-wrap:break-word}
body,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,hr,p,blockquote,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,pre,form,fieldset,legend,button,input,textarea,th,td{margin:0;padding:0}
html{color:#000;overflow-y:scroll;overflow:-moz-scrollbars-vertical}
body,button,input,select,textarea{font-size:12px;font-family:arial,'Hiragino Sans GB','Microsoft Yahei','微软雅黑','宋体',\5b8b\4f53,Tahoma,Arial,Helvetica,STHeiti}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:100%}
em{font-style:normal}
small{font-size:12px}
ul,ol{list-style:none}
a{text-decoration:none}
a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
legend{color:#000}
fieldset,img{border:0}
button,input,select,textarea{font-size:100%}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
textarea{resize:vertical}
.left{float:left}
.right{float:right}
.overflow{overflow:hidden}
.hide{display:none}
.block{display:block}
.inline{display:inline}
.error{color:#F00;font-size:12px}
label,button{cursor:pointer}
.clearfix:after{content:'\20';display:block;height:0;clear:both}
.clearfix{zoom:1}.clear{clear:both;height:0;line-height:0;font-size:0;visibility:hidden;overflow:hidden}
.wordwrap{word-break:break-all;word-wrap:break-word}
pre.wordwrap{white-space:pre-wrap}
body{text-align:center}
body,form{position:relative}
td{text-align:left}
img{border:0}
/* 初始化CSS */
html, body, ul, li, ol, dl, dd, dt, p, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, form, fieldset, legend, img { margin:0; padding:0; }
fieldset, img { border:none; }
img{display: block;}
address, caption, cite, code, dfn, th, var { font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; }
ul, ol { list-style:none; }
input { padding-top:0; padding-bottom:0; font-family: "SimSun","宋体";}
input::-moz-focus-inner { border:none; padding:0; }
select, input { vertical-align:middle; }
select, input, textarea { font-size:12px; margin:0; }
input[type="text"], input[type="password"], textarea { outline-style:none; -webkit-appearance:none; }
textarea { resize:none; }
table { border-collapse:collapse; }
body { color:#333; padding:5px 0; font:12px/20px "SimSun","宋体","Arial Narrow",HELVETICA; background:#fff;/* overflow-y:scroll;*/ }
.clearfix:after { content:"."; display:block; height:0; visibility:hidden; clear:both; }
.clearfix { zoom:1; }
.clearit { clear:both; height:0; font-size:0; overflow:hidden; }
a { color:#666; text-decoration:none; }
a:visited { color:#666; }
a:hover, a:active, a:focus { color:#ff8400; text-decoration:underline; }
body, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, hr, p, blockquote, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, pre, form, fieldset, legend, button, input, textarea, th, td { margin:0; padding:0; }
body, button, input, select, textarea { font:12px/1.5tahoma, arial, \5b8b\4f53; }
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6{ font-size:100%; }
address, cite, dfn, em, var { font-style:normal; }
code, kbd, pre, samp { font-family:couriernew, courier, monospace; }
small{ font-size:12px; }
ul, ol { list-style:none; }
a { text-decoration:none; }
a:hover { text-decoration:underline; }
sup { vertical-align:text-top; }
sub{ vertical-align:text-bottom; }
legend { color:#000; }
fieldset, img { border:0; }
button, input, select, textarea { font-size:100%; }
table { border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0; }
html {overflow-y:scroll;}
body {margin:0; padding:0; font:12px/1.5 \5b8b\4f53,Arial,sans-serif;/*background:#ffffff;*/}
div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,blockquote,p{padding:0; margin:0;}
table,td,tr,th{font-size:12px;}
ol,ul {list-style:none;}
li{list-style-type:none;}
img{vertical-align:top;border:0;}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:inherit; font-weight:normal;}
address,cite,code,em,th,i{font-weight:normal; font-style:normal;}
.hx a,.hx em,.fB{font-weight:bold;}
.clearfix{*zoom:1;}
.clearfix:after{display:block; overflow:hidden; clear:both; height:0; visibility:hidden; content:".";}
a {color:#252525; text-decoration:none;}
a:visited {text-decoration:none;}
a:hover {color:#ba2636;text-decoration:underline;}
a:active {color:#ba2636;}
/* 全局CSS定义 */
body{font-family:"\5B8B\4F53","Arial Narrow",HELVETICA;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;padding:0;background:#FFF;font-size:12px;color:#333;}
body > div{text-align:center;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;}
div,form,ul,ol,li,span,p{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;}
img,a img{border:0;margin:0;padding:0;}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{margin:0;padding:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:normal;}
ul,ol,li{list-style:none}
table,td,input{font-size:12px;padding:0}
/* 默认链接颜色 */
a{outline-style:none;color:#333;text-decoration:none}
a:hover{color:#c00;text-decoration:underline;}
/*清除链接虚框*/
/*a,area {blr:expression(this.onFocus=this.blur()) } for IE
:focus {-moz-outline-style: none; } for Firefox
*/
@charset "utf-8";
article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,nav,section{display:block}
audio,canvas,video{display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1}
audio:not([controls]){display:none}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%}
a:focus{outline:thin dotted #333;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;outline-offset:-2px}
a:hover,a:active{outline:0}
figure{padding:0;margin:0}
sub,sup{position:relative;font-size:75%;line-height:0;vertical-align:baseline}
sup{top:-0.5em}
sub{bottom:-0.25em}
img{vertical-align:middle;border:0;-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
button,input,select,textarea{margin:0;font-size:100%;vertical-align:middle}
button,input{*overflow:visible;line-height:normal}
button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border:0}
button,input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
input[type="search"]{-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-appearance:textfield}
input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button{-webkit-appearance:none}
textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
ol,ul,dl{list-style:none}
body,p,ol,ul,dl{padding:0;margin:0}
a:link,a:visited{text-decoration:none;color:#555}
a:hover{color:#c31}
a.white{color:#fff}
a.blue{color:#3399e0}
blockquote,body,code,dd,div,dl,dt,fieldset,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,input,legend,li,ol,p,pre,td,textarea,th,ul{margin:0;padding:0}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
fieldset,img{border:0}
address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,var{font-style:normal;font-weight:400}
li{list-style:none}
caption,th{text-align:left}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:100%}
q:after,q:before{content:''}
abbr,acronym{border:0;font-variant:normal}
sup{vertical-align:text-top}
sub{vertical-align:text-bottom}
input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;*font-size:100%;font-weight:inherit}
legend{color:#333}html{background-color:#eee}
body{font:400 14px/1.5 "Hiragino Sans GB","WenQuanYi Micro Hei",tahoma,sans-serif;color:#666;background-color:#fff}
a{color:#2bb8aa;text-decoration:none}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Hiragino Sans GB"," Microsoft YaHei","WenQuanYi Micro Hei",arial,sans-serif;color:#333;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
input[type=password]{font-family:arial,sans-serif}