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Asp .NetCore 微信订阅号自动回复之文本篇
文档
入门指引
🐜我只是代码的搬运工~
https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Getting_Started/Getting_Started_Guide.html
效果
环境
- .Net Core 6.0
- 订阅号【个人】
- 域名【备案】⚠ 不备案可能访问不到
- 服务器【备案】⚠ 不备案可能访问不到
- Docker
- Nginx
- Frp
工具
- Visual Studio 2022
流程
服务器配置
Docker 安装 https://www.cnblogs.com/linyisonger/p/13964825.html
docker-compose 安装 https://www.cnblogs.com/linyisonger/p/13964931.html
Nginx 安装 https://blog.csdn.net/linyisonger/article/details/123569798
Frp 配置 https://blog.csdn.net/linyisonger/article/details/123567529
Nginx 配置转发到Frp域名上去，实现IP转发域名反向代理。
server { listen 80; ... location /api/ { proxy_pass http://a.frp.1998.ink; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; proxy_set_header Connection keep-alive; # proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade; } ... }- 1
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项目搭建
新建项目
我这里是这样新建的，当然也可以使用Visual Studio中的可视化新建。
dotnet new webapi --name AspNetCoreWeChatOAMessage- 1
添加依赖
编辑
.csproj文件。<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web"> <PropertyGroup> <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework> <Nullable>enable</Nullable> <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings> </PropertyGroup> <ItemGroup> <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.1" /> </ItemGroup> </Project>- 1
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封装公众号类
新建OfficialAccount.cs文件，用于封装公众号所用的类型和方法。
🤦目前很多还没去实现，主要实现了文本回复…
using Newtonsoft.Json; using System.Reflection; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Text; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; using System.Xml; using System.Xml.Serialization; namespace AspNetCoreWeChatOAMessage { /// <summary> /// 公众号 /// </summary> public class OfficialAccount { /// <summary> /// 公众号 appId /// </summary> public string appid { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 公众号 appSecret /// </summary> public string secret { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 必须为英文或数字，长度为3-32字符。 /// 什么是Token？https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki /// </summary> public string token { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息加密密钥由43位字符组成，可随机修改，字符范围为A-Z，a-z，0-9。 /// 什么是EncodingAESKey？https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki /// </summary> public string encodingAESKey { get; set; } public OfficialAccount(string appid, string secret, string token, string encodingAESKey) { this.appid = appid; this.secret = secret; this.token = token; this.encodingAESKey = encodingAESKey; } /// <summary> /// 检查签名 /// </summary> /// <param name="timestamp">时间戳</param> /// <param name="nonce"></param> /// <param name="signature">签名</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool CheckSignature(string timestamp, string nonce, string signature) { var list = new List<string>() { token, timestamp, nonce }; list.Sort(); return SHA1Encryption(string.Join("", list)) == signature.ToUpper(); } /// <summary> /// access_token是公众号的全局唯一接口调用凭据，公众号调用各接口时都需使用access_token。开发者需要进行妥善保存。access_token的存储至少要保留512个字符空间。access_token的有效期目前为2个小时，需定时刷新，重复获取将导致上次获取的access_token失效。 /// </summary> /// <param name="grant_type">填写 client_credential</param> /// <returns></returns> public async Task<GetAccessTokenResult?> GetAccessToken(string grant_type = "client_credential") { var result = await Get($"https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type={grant_type}&appid={appid}&secret={secret}"); return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<GetAccessTokenResult>(result); } public class GetAccessTokenResult { /// <summary> /// 获取到的凭证 /// </summary> public string? access_token { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 凭证有效时间，单位：秒。目前是7200秒之内的值。 /// </summary> public long expires_in { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 错误码 /// </summary> public long errcode { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 错误信息 /// </summary> public string? errmsg { get; set; } } /// <summary> /// 接收普通消息 /// </summary> public class ReceivingStandardMessages { /// <summary> /// 消息基础类 /// </summary> public class Message { /// <summary> /// 开发者微信号 /// </summary> public string? ToUserName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 发送方帐号（一个OpenID） /// </summary> public string? FromUserName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息创建时间 /// </summary> public long CreateTime { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息类型，文本为text /// </summary> public string? MsgType { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息id /// </summary> public long MsgId { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息的数据ID（消息如果来自文章时才有） /// </summary> public long MsgDataId { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 多图文时第几篇文章，从1开始（消息如果来自文章时才有） /// </summary> public long Idx { get; set; } } public class TextMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 文本消息内容 /// </summary> public string? Content { get; set; } } public class ImageMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// PicUrl 图片链接（由系统生成） /// </summary> public string? PicUrl { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 图片消息媒体id，可以调用获取临时素材接口拉取数据。 /// </summary> public string? MediaId { get; set; } } public class VoiceMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 语音消息媒体id，可以调用获取临时素材接口拉取数据。 /// </summary> public string? MediaId { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 语音格式，如amr，speex等 /// </summary> public string? Format { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 语音识别结果，UTF8编码 /// 请注意，开通语音识别后，用户每次发送语音给公众号时，微信会在推送的语音消息 XML 数据包中，增加一个 Recognition 字段（注：由于客户端缓存，开发者开启或者关闭语音识别功能，对新关注者立刻生效，对已关注用户需要24小时生效。开发者可以重新关注此帐号进行测试）。 /// </summary> public string? Recognition { get; set; } } public class VideoMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 视频消息媒体id，可以调用获取临时素材接口拉取数据。 /// </summary> public string? MediaId { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 视频消息缩略图的媒体id，可以调用多媒体文件下载接口拉取数据。 /// </summary> public string? ThumbMediaId { get; set; } } public class ShortvideoMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 视频消息媒体id，可以调用获取临时素材接口拉取数据。 /// </summary> public string? MediaId { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 视频消息缩略图的媒体id，可以调用获取临时素材接口拉取数据。 /// </summary> public string? ThumbMediaId { get; set; } } public class LocationMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 地理位置纬度 /// </summary> public double Location_X { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 地理位置经度 /// </summary> public double Location_Y { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 地图缩放大小 /// </summary> public double Scale { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 地理位置信息 /// </summary> public string? Label { get; set; } } public class LinkMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 消息标题 /// </summary> public string? Title { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息描述 /// </summary> public string? Description { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息链接 /// </summary> public string? Url { get; set; } } public static Message? Parse(string text) { var res = XmlDeSerialize<Message>(text); return res?.MsgType switch { "text" => XmlDeSerialize<TextMessage>(text), "image" => XmlDeSerialize<ImageMessage>(text), "voice" => XmlDeSerialize<VoiceMessage>(text), "video" => XmlDeSerialize<VideoMessage>(text), "shortvideo" => XmlDeSerialize<ShortvideoMessage>(text), "location" => XmlDeSerialize<LocationMessage>(text), "link" => XmlDeSerialize<LinkMessage>(text), _ => res, }; } } /// <summary> /// 被动回复用户消息 /// </summary> public class PassiveUserReplyMessage { public class Media { /// <summary> /// 通过素材管理中的接口上传多媒体文件，得到的id /// </summary> public string? MediaId { get; set; } } public class Image : Media { } public class Voice : Media { } public class Video : Media { /// <summary> /// 视频消息的标题 /// </summary> public string? Title { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 视频消息的描述 /// </summary> public string? Description { get; set; } } public class Music { /// <summary> /// 音乐标题 /// </summary> public string? Title { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 音乐描述 /// </summary> public string? Description { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 音乐链接 /// </summary> public string? MusicUrl { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 高质量音乐链接，WIFI环境优先使用该链接播放音乐 /// </summary> public string? HQMusicUrl { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 缩略图的媒体id，通过素材管理中的接口上传多媒体文件，得到的id /// </summary> public string? ThumbMediaId { get; set; } } public class Article { /// <summary> /// 图文消息标题 /// </summary> public string? Title { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 图文消息描述 /// </summary> public string? Description { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 图片链接，支持JPG、PNG格式，较好的效果为大图360*200，小图200*200 /// </summary> public string? PicUrl { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 点击图文消息跳转链接 /// </summary> public string? Url { get; set; } } public class Message { /// <summary> /// 开发者微信号 /// </summary> public string? ToUserName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 发送方帐号（一个OpenID） /// </summary> public string? FromUserName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息创建时间 /// </summary> public long CreateTime { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 消息类型， /// </summary> public string? MsgType { get; set; } } public class TextMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 回复的消息内容 （换行：在 content 中能够换行，微信客户端就支持换行显示） /// </summary> public string? Content { get; set; } } public class ImageMessage : Message { public Image? Image { get; set; } } public class VoiceMessage : Message { public Voice? Voice { get; set; } } public class VideoMessage : Message { public Video? Video { get; set; } } public class MusicMessage : Message { public Music? Music { get; set; } } public class ArticleMessage : Message { /// <summary> /// 图文消息个数；当用户发送文本、图片、语音、视频、图文、地理位置这六种消息时，开发者只能回复1条图文消息；其余场景最多可回复8条图文消息 /// </summary> public long ArticleCount { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 图文消息信息，注意，如果图文数超过限制，则将只发限制内的条数 /// </summary> public Article[]? Articles { get; set; } } public static string Parse(Message message) { return $"<xml>${Format(message)}</xml>"; } private static string Format(object obj, string text = "") { Type type = obj.GetType(); PropertyInfo[] properties = type.GetProperties(); foreach (PropertyInfo property in properties) { Type propertyType = property.PropertyType; Console.WriteLine(propertyType); if (typeof(string).Equals(property.PropertyType)) text += $"<{property.Name}><![CDATA[{ property.GetValue(obj)}]]></{property.Name}>"; else text += $"<{property.Name}>{ property.GetValue(obj)}</{property.Name}>"; } return text; } } /// <summary> /// 内部使用的通用方法 /// </summary> /// <param name="url"></param> /// <returns></returns> static async Task<string> Get(string url) { try { var httpClient = new HttpClient(); HttpResponseMessage response = await httpClient.GetAsync(url); return response.IsSuccessStatusCode ? await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync() : ""; ; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("Get 请求出错：" + ex.Message); } } /// <summary> /// SHA1 加密，返回大写字符串 /// </summary> /// <param name="content">需要加密字符串</param> /// <param name="encode">指定加密编码</param> /// <returns>返回40位大写字符串</returns> static string SHA1Encryption(string content, Encoding? encode = null) { try { if (encode == null) encode = Encoding.UTF8; SHA1 sha1 = SHA1.Create(); byte[] bytes_in = encode.GetBytes(content); byte[] bytes_out = sha1.ComputeHash(bytes_in); sha1.Dispose(); string result = BitConverter.ToString(bytes_out); result = result.Replace("-", ""); return result; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("SHA1Encryption加密出错：" + ex.Message); } } /// <summary> /// 反序列化xml字符为对象，默认为Utf-8编码 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="text"></param> /// <returns></returns> static T? XmlDeSerialize<T>(string text) where T : new() => XmlDeSerialize<T>(text, Encoding.UTF8); /// <summary> /// 反序列化xml字符为对象 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="text"></param> /// <param name="encoding"></param> /// <returns></returns> static T? XmlDeSerialize<T>(string text, Encoding encoding) where T : new() { var xml = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T), new XmlRootAttribute("xml")); using var ms = new MemoryStream(encoding.GetBytes(text)); using var sr = new StreamReader(ms, encoding); return (T?)xml.Deserialize(sr); } } }- 1
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增加单例注入
编辑Program.cs文件，增加一个单例注入，便于各个接口的使用。
🐖 某些信息文本回复可能还用不到，但是为了以后的拓展，这里也在构造中添加了。
using AspNetCoreWeChatOAMessage; var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); builder.Services.AddControllers(); builder.Services.AddSingleton<OfficialAccount>(new OfficialAccount(appid,secret,token,encodingAESKey)); var app = builder.Build(); app.UseAuthorization(); app.MapControllers(); app.Run();- 1
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新建接口
新建Controllers/HandleController.cs文件，创建api/OfficialAccount接口。
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Text; // For more information on enabling Web API for empty projects, visit https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=397860 namespace AspNetCoreWeChatOAMessage.Controllers { [Route("api/")] [ApiController] public class HandleController : ControllerBase { private readonly OfficialAccount oa; public HandleController(OfficialAccount oa) { this.oa = oa; } [HttpGet("OfficialAccount")] public string GetOfficialAccount() { Request.Query.TryGetValue("signature", out StringValues signature); Request.Query.TryGetValue("timestamp", out StringValues timestamp); Request.Query.TryGetValue("nonce", out StringValues nonce); Request.Query.TryGetValue("echostr", out StringValues echostr); if (oa.CheckSignature(timestamp, nonce, signature)) return echostr; return "hello, this is handle view"; } [HttpPost("OfficialAccount")] public string PostOfficialAccount() { StreamReader stream = new StreamReader(Request.Body); string messageStr = stream.ReadToEndAsync().GetAwaiter().GetResult(); var message = OfficialAccount.ReceivingStandardMessages.Parse(messageStr); if (message is OfficialAccount.ReceivingStandardMessages.TextMessage) { var textMessage = (OfficialAccount.ReceivingStandardMessages.TextMessage)message; Console.WriteLine(textMessage.Content); var content = textMessage.Content; var replyMessage = new OfficialAccount.PassiveUserReplyMessage.TextMessage { Content = "你好，很高兴认识你~", CreateTime = DateTimeOffset.Now.ToUnixTimeMilliseconds(), ToUserName = message.FromUserName, FromUserName = message.ToUserName, MsgType = message.MsgType, }; if (content != null) { if (content.ToUpper().StartsWith("BMI")) { var bmiArr = content.Split(" "); if (bmiArr.Length == 3 && double.TryParse(bmiArr[1], out double height) && double.TryParse(bmiArr[2], out double weight)) { var bmi = (weight / ((height / 100) * (height / 100))); var result = $"您的身体质量指数(BMI)为{bmi:#.0}，"; if (bmi < 18.5) result += "可有点偏瘦啦，多吃点啦🧋~"; else if (bmi < 23.9) result += "在正常范围内，请继续保持🎉 ~"; else if (bmi < 26.9) result += "有点偏胖喽，可以去运动运动啦 🏃 ~"; else if (bmi < 29.9) result += "处于肥胖阶段，要去运动一下啦 🏋 ~"; else result += "很危险，去医院看看吧 ⛑ !"; replyMessage.Content = result; } } } return OfficialAccount.PassiveUserReplyMessage.Parse(replyMessage); } return "hello, this is handle view"; } } }- 1
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调试程序
运行程序，启动frpc对应本地服务端口以及服务器转发域名前缀。
微信公众平台配置
进入微信公众平台 https://mp.weixin.qq.com
服务器配置
配置你的服务器内容
保存成功的话，代表以上配置正确。
然后就可以进行属于你自己的公众号自动回复的开发啦。
部署
⚠部署成功，需要修改下服务器的nginx转发配置。
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/linyisonger/article/details/125501964
