• Mycat高可用方案-HAProxy+Keepalived

    文章目录

    前言

    🔥 Mycat系列专栏：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41779565/category_11876566.html
    🔥 Mycat主从搭建、读写分离：https://micromaple.blog.csdn.net/article/details/125375231
    🔥 Mycat实现分库分表：https://micromaple.blog.csdn.net/article/details/125375312
    🔥 Mycat实现单库水平分表、按月分表：https://micromaple.blog.csdn.net/article/details/125395498

    概述

    在实际项目中，Mycat服务也需要考虑高可用性，如果Mycat所在服务器出现宕机，或Mycat服务故障，需要有备机提供服务，需要考虑Mycat集群。

    高可用方案

    使用HAProxy + Keepalived配合两台Mycat搭起Mycat集群，实现高可用性。HAProxy实现了Mycat多节点的集群高可用和负载均衡，而HAProxy自身的高可用则可以通过Keepalived 来实现。

    在这里插入图片描述

    编号角色IP地址
    1Mycat1192.168.110.145
    2Mycat2192.168.110.150
    3HAProxy(master)192.168.110.151
    4Keepalived(master)192.168.110.151
    5HAProxy(backup)192.168.110.152
    6Keepalived(backup)192.168.110.152

    安装配置 HAProxy

    各版本下载地址：

    https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/

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    本文使用版本为：1.5.18

    下载地址：

    https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz/21d35f114583ef731bc96af05b46c75a/haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz

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    安装步骤：

    • 将下载好的HAProxy安装包传到/usr/local/src目录下进行解压

      cd /usr/local/src
wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz/21d35f114583ef731bc96af05b46c75a/haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz
tar -zxvf haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/haproxy-1.5.18

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    • 安装依赖插件

      # Ubuntu 依次执行
sudo apt-get install -y gcc
sudo apt-get install -y g++
sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install -y daemon
sudo apt-get install -y make
# CentOS
yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-devel

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    • 查看内核版本，进行编译

      # 查看内核版本
uname -r
# 查看 haproxy README文件对应的系统内核版本
cat /usr/local/haproxy/README

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      make TARGET=linux2628 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy ARCH=x86_64

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      • ARGET：内核版本，使用uname -r查看内核，结合查看haproxy README文件对应的系统内核版本
      • ARCH：系统位数
      • PREFIX：为haprpxy安装路径

    • 编译完成，进行安装

      make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy

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    • 安装完成

      • 创建配置目录
      mkdir -p /usr/data/haproxy/

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      • 创建HAProxy配置文件
      vim /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf

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      配置内容如下：

      global
    log 127.0.0.1 local0
    #log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice
    #log loghost local0 info
    maxconn 4096
    chroot /usr/local/haproxy
    pidfile /usr/data/haproxy/haproxy.pid
    uid 99
    gid 99
    daemon
    #debug
    #quiet
defaults
    log global
    mode tcp
    option abortonclose
    option redispatch
    retries 3
    maxconn 2000
    timeout connect 5000
    timeout client 50000
    timeout server 50000
# HAProxy 监听配置
listen proxy_status
    # 监听代理端口
    bind :48066
        mode tcp
        balance roundrobin
        # 监听Mycat服务地址
        server mycat_1 192.168.110.145:8066 check inter 10s
        server mycat_2 192.168.110.150:8066 check inter 10s
# HAProxy 控制台配置
frontend admin_stats
    bind :7777
        mode http
        stats enable
        option httplog
        maxconn 10
        stats refresh 30s
        stats uri /admin
        stats auth admin:123456
        stats hide-version
        stats admin if TRUE

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    • 启动验证

      • 启动HAProxy

        /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf

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      • 查看HAProxy进程

        ps -ef|grep haproxy

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      • 打开浏览器访问

        http://192.168.110.151:7777/admin

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        输入配置文件中的账号密码进行访问。admin/123456

        在这里插入图片描述

      • 验证负载均衡，通过HAProxy访问Mycat

        mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.110.151 -P 48066

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    HAProxy(backup) 192.168.110.152如上配置

    配置 Keepalived

    各版本下载地址：

    https://www.keepalived.org/download.html

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    本文使用版本为：1.4.2

    下载地址：

    https://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz

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    安装步骤：

    • 将下载好的Keepalived安装包传到/usr/local/src目录下进行解压

      cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2

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    • 安装依赖插件

      # Ubuntu 依次执行
sudo apt-get install -y gcc
sudo apt-get install -y g++
sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install -y daemon
sudo apt-get install -y make
# CentOS
yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-devel

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    • 进入解压后的目录，进行配置

      cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

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    • 进行编译，完成后进行安装

      cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2
make && make install

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    • 运行前配置，将keepalived设置为系统服务

      • Ubuntu配置

        mkdir /etc/keepalived
mkdir /etc/sysconfig
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

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      • CentOS配置

        mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/default/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

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    • 修改配置文件

      vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

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      配置文件内容如下：

      ! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    notification_email {
        xlcocoon@foxmail.com
    }
    notification_email_from keepalived@showjoy.com
    smtp_server 127.0.0.1
    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    router_id LVS_DEVEL
    vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    #主机配MASTER，备机配BACKUP
    state MASTER
    #所在机器网卡
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    #数值越大优先级越高
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        #虚拟IP，在HAProxy之上设定一个虚拟IP，可以在该网段内任意指定未使用的IP
        192.168.110.200
    }
}
virtual_server 192.168.110.200 48066 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind NAT
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
    # HAProxy 地址
    real_server 192.168.110.151 48066 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
    real_server 192.168.110.152 48066 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}

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    • 配置重载

      systemctl daemon-reload

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    • 启动验证

      • 启动Keepalived

        service keepalived start

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      • 启动后可以看到在ens33真实IP:192.168.110.151下面挂载了一个虚拟IP:192.168.110.200

        root@ubuntu:~# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:9b:eb:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.110.151/24 brd 192.168.110.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.110.200/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe9b:eb14/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether 02:42:c3:d3:e0:c7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

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      • 查看Keepalived状态

        service keepalived status

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      • 登录验证

        mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.110.200 -P 48066

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    • 测试高可用

      • 关闭Mycat1

        在这里插入图片描述

      • 通过虚拟IP查询数据

        # 通过Keepalived登录数据库
mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.110.200 -P 48066
# 切换数据库
use TESTDB;
# 执行SQL命令
show tables;

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        root@ubuntu-mysql-master:~# mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.110.200 -P 48066
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.29-mycat-1.6.7.6-release-20220524173810 MyCat Server (OpenCloudDB)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use TESTDB;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_orders |
+------------------+
| customer         |
| dict_order_type  |
| login_info       |
| orders           |
| orders_detail    |
| orders_ware_info |
| payment_info     |
+------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41779565/article/details/125493216