STM8的C语言编程(6)--8位定时器应用之二
今天进行的实验依然是用定时器4,只不过改成了用中断方式来实现,由定时器4的中断服务程序来驱动LED的闪烁。
实现中断方式的关键点有几个,第一个关键点就是要打开定时器4的中断允许位,在定时器4的IER寄存器中有定义。第二个关键点,就是打开CPU的全局中断允许位,在汇编语言中,就是执行RIM指令,在C语言中,用下列语句实现:
_asm("rim");
第3个关键点就是中断服务程序的框架或写法,中断服务程序的写法如下:
@far @interrupt void TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler (void)
{
// 下面是中断服务程序的实体
}
第4个关键点就是要设置中断向量,即将中断服务程序的入口填写到中断向量表中,如下所示,将IRQ23对应的中断服务程序的入口填写成TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler
struct interrupt_vector const _vectab[] = {
{0x82, (interrupt_handler_t)_stext}, /* reset */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* trap */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq0 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq1 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq2 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq3 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq4 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq5 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq6 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq7 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq8 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq9 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq10 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq11 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq12 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq13 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq14 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq15 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq16 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq17 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq18 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq19 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq20 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq21 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq22 */
{0x82, TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler},/* irq23 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq24 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq25 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq26 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq27 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq28 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq29 */
};
解决了以上4个关键点,我们就能很轻松地用C语言实现中断服务了。
同样还是利用ST的开发工具,生成一个C程序的框架,然后修改其中的main.c,修改后的代码如下。另外还要修改stm8_interrupt_vector.c。
编译通过后,下载到开发板,运行程序,可以看到LED在闪烁,或者用示波器可以在LED引脚上看到方波。
修改后的main.c如下:
// 程序描述:通过初始化定时器4,以中断方式驱动LED闪烁
// LED接在MCU的GPIO的PD3上
#include "STM8S207C_S.h"
main()
{
// 首先初始化GPIO
PD_DDR = 0x08;
PD_CR1 = 0x08; // 将PD3设置成推挽输出
PD_CR2 = 0x00;
// 然后初始化定时器4
TIM4_IER = 0x00; // 禁止中断
TIM4_EGR = 0x01; // 允许产生更新事件
TIM4_PSCR = 0x07; // 计数器时钟=主时钟/128=2MHZ/128
// 相当于计数器周期为64uS
TIM4_ARR = 255; // 设定重装载时的寄存器值,255是最大值
TIM4_CNTR = 255; // 设定计数器的初值
// 定时周期=(ARR+1)*64=16320uS
TIM4_CR1 = 0x01; // b0 = 1,允许计数器工作
// b1 = 0,允许更新
// 设置控制器,启动定时器
TIM4_IER = 0x01; // 允许更新中断
_asm("rim"); // 允许CPU全局中断
while(1) // 进入无限循环
{
}
}
// 函数功能:定时器4的更新中断服务程序
// 输入参数:无
// 输出参数:无
// 返 回 值:无
@far @interrupt void TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler (void)
{
TIM4_SR1 = 0x00; // 清除更新标志
PD_ODR = PD_ODR ^ 0x08; // LED驱动信号取反
//LED闪烁频率=2MHZ/128/255/2=30.63
}
修改后的stm8_interrupt_vector.c如下:
/* BASIC INTERRUPT VECTOR TABLE FOR STM8 devices
* Copyright (c) 2007 STMicroelectronics
*/
typedef void @far (*interrupt_handler_t)(void);
struct interrupt_vector {
unsigned char interrupt_instruction;
interrupt_handler_t interrupt_handler;
};
@far @interrupt void NonHandledInterrupt (void)
{
/* in order to detect unexpected events during development,
it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction
*/
return;
}
extern void _stext(); /* startup routine */
extern @far @interrupt void TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler (void);
struct interrupt_vector const _vectab[] = {
{0x82, (interrupt_handler_t)_stext}, /* reset */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* trap */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq0 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq1 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq2 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq3 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq4 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq5 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq6 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq7 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq8 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq9 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq10 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq11 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq12 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq13 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq14 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq15 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq16 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq17 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq18 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq19 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq20 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq21 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq22 */
{0x82, TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler},/* irq23 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq24 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq25 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq26 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq27 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq28 */
{0x82, NonHandledInterrupt}, /* irq29 */
};